British Rail Class 45

Derby Type 4
British Rail Class 45

Type and origin
Power type	Diesel-electric
Builder	British Railways' Derby Works and Crewe Works
Build date	1960–1962
Total produced	127

Specifications
Configuration	1Co-Co1
UIC class	(1Co)'(Co1)'
Wheel diameter	3 ft 9 in (1.143 m)
Minimum curve	5 chains (100 m)
Wheelbase	59 ft 8 in (18.19 m)
Length	67 ft 11 in (20.70 m)
Width	8 ft 10 ¹⁄₂ in (2.71 m)
Height	12 ft 10 in (3.91 m)
Loco weight	133 long tons (135 t; 149 short tons)
Fuel capacity	840 imp gal (3,800 l; 1,010 US gal)
Prime mover	Sulzer 12LDA28-B
Engine type	double bank
Displacement	12 x 22 litres (1,300 cu in) per cylinder, or 264 litres (16,100 cu in) total
Generator	Crompton Parkinson
Traction motors	Crompton Parkinson
Cylinders	12
Cylinder size	280 mm × 360 mm (11.024 in × 14.173 in), bore x stroke
MU working	★ Blue Star
Train heating	45/0: Steam 45/1: Electric Train Heat
Loco brake	Air
Train brakes	Vacuum and Air

Performance figures
Maximum speed	90 mph (145 km/h)
Power output	Engine: 2,500 bhp (1,864 kW) At rail: 2,000 hp (1,491 kW)
Tractive effort	Maximum: 55,000 lbf (245 kN)
Loco brakeforce	63 long tons-force (628 kN)

Career
Operators	British Railways
Numbers	D11–D137; later 45001–45077, 45101–45150
Nicknames	'Peak'
Axle load class	Route availability 7

The British Rail Class 45 also known as the Sulzer Type 4 diesel locomotives were built by British Rail at their Derby and Crewe Works between 1960 and 1962. Along with the similar Class 44 and 46 locomotives, they became known as "Peaks".

History

45054 heads south from Loughborough with a passenger train for London St. Pancras on the Midland Main Line, July 1975

The Class 45s became the main traction on the Midland Main Line from 1962, and their introduction allowed considerable acceleration of the previous steam-powered service. The Class 45s remained the main source of power on the Midland Main Line up to 1982, when they were relegated to secondary services following introduction of HSTs on the route. From 1986 Class 45s virtually disappeared from the line.^[1] From the early 1980s until their withdrawal c.1988, the class were regular performers on the North Trans-Pennine line working services from Liverpool Lime Street to York, Scarborough or Newcastle via Manchester Victoria, Huddersfield and Leeds. These trains were usually formed of early British Railways Mark 2 carriages, of up to seven in a typical train.

Accidents and incidents

On 16 January 1982, locomotive No. 45 074 was hauling a freight train that was derailed at Chinley, Derbyshire.^[2]
On 4 December 1984, locomotive No. 45 147 was badly damaged in the Eccles rail crash (1984), and subsequently moved to a siding where it was cut-up in March 1985.
On 9 March 1986, locomotive No. 45 014 The Cheshire Regiment was one of two light engines that were hit head-on by a passenger train at Chinley due to a signalman's error. One person was killed. Lack of training and a power cut were contributory factors.^[3] The locomotive was consequently withdrawn from service and scrapped.^[4]
On 24 April 1988, locomotive No. 45 041 split a set of points and was derailed at Edale, Derbyshire.^[5]

Engine

The engine of the Class 45 was a marine-type, slow-revving diesel, a Sulzer 12LDA28B with a bore of 280 mm (11.024 in) and a stroke of 360 mm (14.173 in). This gave 22 litres (1,300 cu in) per cylinder, or 264 litres (16,100 cu in) for the whole engine. The unit was turbocharged and intercooled and gave 2,500 hp (1,900 kW) at 750 rpm. The engine was of the double bank type with two parallel banks of 6 cylinders, geared together to a single output shaft.^[6] Six-cylinder versions of the engine were fitted in the Class 25 locos (amongst others) and eight-cylinder versions in Class 33s.^[7] Class 45s were the updated versions of the Class 44 locomotives, the latter having a 2,300 hp (1,700 kW) non-intercooled version of the same engine; i.e. the 12LDA28A. The later Class 47 had a modified version of the same engine, a 12LDA28C.

Train heating

When initially put into service, the locomotives were fitted with multi-unit working and steam-heating boilers for passenger service. In the early 1970s, fifty were fitted with electric train supply in place of their steam-heating boilers and assigned to work services on the Midland Main Line from London St Pancras to Nottingham, Derby and Sheffield. These locomotives were renumbered as Class 45/1.^[8]

Auxiliary machines

The Class 45 is unusual in having a 220 volt electrical system for driving auxiliary machines and battery charging.^[9] Most British Railways diesels of the same era had 110 volt auxiliaries.

Withdrawal

The great majority of Class 45s were withdrawn between 1981 and 1988, and the last was withdrawn from service by 1989.^[10]

Fleet details

Number(s)		Name	Withdrawn	Disposal details
D11	45122		04/1983	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (02/1994)
D12	45011		05/1981	Scrapped at BREL Derby Works (09/1981)
D13	45001		01/1986	Scrapped at BREL Derby Works (11/1988)
D14	45015		03/1986	Sold into preservation but unrestored. Stored at The Battlefield Line
D15	45018		04/1981	Scrapped at BREL Swindon Works (10/1982)
D16	45016		11/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (12/1986)
D17	45024		10/1980 due to fire damage	Scrapped at BREL Swindon Works (08/1983)
D18	45121	Pegasus (unofficial name)	19 November 1987	Scrapped by Thomas Hill at BREL Crewe Works (09/1993)
D19	45025		05/1981	Scrapped at BREL Derby Works (11/1981)
D20	45013	Wyvern (unofficial name)	04/1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (02/1994)
D21	45026		04/1986	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D22	45132		09:39 on 11/05/1987	Preserved at Epping Ongar Railway
D23	45017		08/1985 Training Loco ADB 968024 Toton September 1985-00.1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1991)
D24	45027		05/1981	Scrapped at BREL Swindon Works (09/1983)
D25	45021		12/1980	Scrapped at BREL Swindon Works (04/1983)
D26	45020		12/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (08/1988)
D27	45028		01/1981	Scrapped at BREL Swindon Works (04/1983)
D28	45124	Unicorn (unofficial name)	12:34 on 22 January 1988 withdrawn due to bogie fire Leicester 29 December 1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (10/1991)
D29	45002		09/1984	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D30	45029		07/1987 reinstated as 97 410 September 1987 withdrawn August 1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (10/1991)
D31	45030		11/1980	Scrapped at BREL Derby Works (03/1981)
D32	45126		27 April 1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (04/1992)
D33	45019		09/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (01/1987)
D34	45119		07/05/1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (04/1994)
D35	45117		12/05/1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (02/1987)
D36	45031		05/1981	Scrapped at BREL Derby Works (10/1981)
D37	45009		09/1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (08/1988)
D38	45032		12/1980	Scrapped at BREL Swindon Works (09/1983)
D39	45033	Sirius (unofficial name)	02/1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (02/1992)
D40	45133		10/05/1987	Preserved at Midland Railway – Butterley Owned by the Class 45/1 Preservation Society
D41	45147		04/01/1985 due to damage in Salford accident 4 December 1984	Scrapped at Patricroft by Vic Berry Leicester (03/1985)
D42	45034		07/1987 reinstated September 1987 as 97411 withdrawn July 1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (05/1992)
D43	45107	Phoenix (unofficial name)	15:19 on 27 July 1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1990)
D44	45035		05/1981	Scrapped at BREL Derby Works (11/1981)
D45	45036		05/1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (08/1988)
D46	45037	Eclipse (unofficial name)	07/1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D47	45116		22 December 1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (09/1988)
D48	45038		06/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (12/1986)
D49	45039	The Manchester Regiment	12/1980	Scrapped at BREL Swindon Works (04/1983)
D50	45040	The King's Shropshire Light Infantry	07/1987 reinstated as 97412 September 1987 withdrawn August 1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (10/1991)
D51	45102		9 September 1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1988)
D52	45123	The Lancashire Fusilier	22 July 1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1988)
D53	45041	Royal Tank Regiment	08/06/1988	Preserved at Great Central Railway
D54	45023	The Royal Pioneer Corps	09/1984	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1986)
D55	45144	Royal Signals	21 December 1987	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (06/1988)
D56	45137	Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment (TA)	16 June 1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D57	45042		04/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1986)
D58	45043	The King's Own Royal Border Regiment	09/1984	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (01/1987)
D59	45104	The Royal Warwickshire Fusilier	13 April 1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (02/1992)
D60	45022	Lytham St Annes	07/1987 reinstated September 1987 as 97409 withdrawn July 1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (10/1991)
D61	45112	Royal Army Ordnance Corps	14:43 on 07/05/1987	Main Line Operational
D62	45143	5th Royal Inniskilling Dragoon Guards 1685–1985	14:43 on 07/05/1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D63	45044	Royal Inniskilling Fusilier	06/1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D64	45045	Coldstream Guardsman	05/1983 due to collision at Saltley 10 February 1983	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1986)
D65	45111	Grenadier Guardsman	14:43 on 07/05/1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (04/1992)
D66	45146		07/04/1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D67	45118	The Royal Artilleryman	08/05/1987	Preserved; under repair at Derby works
D68	45046	Royal Fusilier	08/1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (02/1992)
D69	45047		08/1980	Scrapped at BREL Derby Works (02/1981)
D70	45048	The Royal Marines	06/1985	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D71	45049	The Staffordshire Regiment (The Prince of Wales's)	10/1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D72	45050		09/1984	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (03/1987)
D73	45110	Medusa (unofficial name)	15:19 on 27 July 1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1990)
D74	45051		04/1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D75	45052	Satan and Nimrod (unofficial names)	06/1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (09/1991)
D76	45053		11/1983	Scrapped at Crewe Works by A Hampton (10/1988)
D77	45004	Royal Irish Fusilier	12/1985	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D78	45150	Vampire (unofficial name)	10:40 on 04/02/1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (12/1991)
D79	45005		03/1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (12/1988)
D80	45113	Athene (unofficial name)	02/08/1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1990)
D81	45115		13 June 1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1990)
D82	45141	Zephyr (unofficial name)	04/08/1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D83	45142		19 June 1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D84	45055	Royal Corps of Transport	04/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1986)
D85	45109		27 January 1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1986)
D86	45105		16:25 on 11/05/1987	Preserved at Barrow Hill
D87	45127		14:43 on 07/05/1987	Scrapped at Crewe Works by J&S Metals (03/1994)
D88	45136		14:43 on 07/05/1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D89	45006	Honourable Artillery Company	09/1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1988)
D90	45008		12/1980	Scrapped at BREL Swindon Works (09/1983)
D91	45056		12/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1986)
D92	45138		22 December 1986	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (04/1994)
D93	45057		01/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (03/1987)
D94	45114		15:35 on 17 February 1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (02/1994)
D95	45054		01/1985	Scrapped at Toton MPD by Vic Berry (11/1985)
D96	45101		13 November 1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1988)
D97	45058		09/1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D98	45059	Royal Engineer	03/1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1988)
D99	45135	3rd Carabinier	09/03/1987	Preserved at East Lancashire Railway
D100	45060	Sherwood Forester	12/1985	Preserved at Barrow Hill
D101	45061		08/1981	Scrapped at BREL Swindon Works (04/1982)
D102	45140	Mercury (unofficial name)	11:47 on 29 March 1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (09/1991)
D103	45062		07/1987 last run was HRT "Baker's Dozen" Railtour 27 June 1987. Loco failed at MP10 WCML and was rescued by 31305	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D104	45063		05/1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1988)
D105	45064		01/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1988)
D106	45106	Vulcan (unofficial name)	15:19 on 27 July 1988, reinstated 04/08/1988. Finally withdrawn 02/1989 after catching fire on 07:12 Derby to St Pancras 3 February 1989	Scrapped at CF Booth Rotherham (04/1992)
D107	45120		24 March 1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1991)
D108	45012	Wyvern II (unofficial name)	07/1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D109	45139		27 April 1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D110	45065		03/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (12/1988)
D111	45129		11/06/1987	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (12/1988)
D112	45010		03/1985	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D113	45128	Centaur (unofficial name)	02/08/1988. reinstated 02/1989 but not used after failed load test then finally withdrawn 04/1989. Reinstated to haul two railtours which had a class 45 booked for haulage, after 45106 caught fire and was withdrawn.^[11]	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D114	45066	Amethyst (unofficial name)	07/1987. Reinstated September 1987 as 97413 then finally withdrawn on 26 July 1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (10/1991)
D115	45067		07/1977 after collision at Ilkeston 8 July 1977 11:50 Glasgow-Nottingham	Scrapped at BREL Derby Works (06/1980)
D116	45103	Griffon (unofficial name)	02/08/1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1990)
D117	45130		10/05/1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D118	45068		01/1986	Scrapped at Allerton MPD by Vic Berry (04/1986)
D119	45007	Taliesin (unofficial name)	07/1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D120	45108		11:27 on 04/08/1987	Preserved at Midland Railway – Butterley
D121	45069		07/1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1988)
D122	45070		01/1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D123	45125		14:43 on 07/05/1987	Preserved at Great Central Railway
D124	45131		16:00 on 03/09/1986	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1988)
D125	45071		07/1981	Scrapped at BREL Swindon Works (07/1983)
D126	45134	Neptune (unofficial name)	12:16 on 17 September 1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1991)
D127	45072		04/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1986)
D128	45145	Scylla (unofficial name)	9 September 1987. Reinstated 19 October 1987 then finally withdrawn 11:11 on 23 February 1988	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (12/1991)
D129	45073		10/1981	Scrapped at BREL Derby Works (11/1982)
D130	45148		11:43 on 11/02/1987	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (04/1992)
D131	45074		09/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1988)
D132	45075		01/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (03/1987)
D133	45003		12/1985	Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (04/1987)
D134	45076		11/1986	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D135	45149	Phaeton (unofficial name)	16:00 on 14 September 1987	Preserved at Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway
D136	45077		08/1986	Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (09/1988)
D137	45014	The Cheshire Regiment	03/1986 collision with 31 436 Chinley 9 March 1986	Scrapped at Ashburys by Vic Berry (08/1986)

Preservation

Eleven locomotives survive in preservation. A quick summary of these is as follows (a more detailed study can be found in the table above):

45041 – In operational condition at the Great Central Railway
45060 – Undergoing engine overhaul at Barrow Hill Roundhouse
45105 – Awaiting completion of restoration at Barrow Hill roundhouse
45108 – In operational condition at Midland Railway – Butterley.
45112 – Burton upon Trent. Operational.
45118 – Formerly at the Northampton & Lamport Railway. Currently undergoing repairs at RVEL in Derby
45125 – In operational condition at the Great Central Railway
45132 – Under overhaul at the Epping Ongar Railway^[12]
45133 – In operational condition at the Midland Railway – Butterley
45135 – Under heavy repair at the East Lancashire Railway
45149 – In operational condition at the Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway

A twelfth example, 45015, was also sold into preservation, but not restored. Withdrawn in March 1986 with a seized traction motor, for which repair was not authorised,^[13] 45015 was heavily cannibalised for spares to keep other Class 45s working. It remained at Toton, its home shed, until at least 1999.^[14] The locomotive was moved to Shackerstone, on the Battlefield Line Railway, in 2002, still with the intention of restoration to mainline standard, despite requiring a replacement engine to be found.^[15] In 2010 the host railway gave notice to the locomotive's owner that the still-unrestored 45015 needed to move to a new site. Having failed to find a buyer, it is likely that 45015 will be sold for scrap, although, as at November 2010, the derelict loco was still at Shackerstone.^[16]

References

↑ The Peaks – A Wyn Hobson
↑ Earnshaw, Alan (1989). Trains in Trouble: Vol. 5. Penryn: Atlantic Books. p. 3. ISBN 0-906899-35-4.
↑ Vaughan, Adrian (1989). Obstruction Danger. Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens Limited. pp. 240–48. ISBN 1-85260-055-1.
↑ Butlin, Ashley. Diesels and Electrics for scrap. Penryn: Atlantic Books. p. 43. ISBN 0 906899 27 3.
↑ Earnshaw, Alan (1990). Trains in Trouble: Vol. 6. Penryn: Atlantic Books. p. 47. ISBN 0-906899-37-0.
↑ The Last Years of The Peaks – S.R Batty
↑ Railway Magazine July 1992 p50
↑ "The Peaks". 6lda28.com. Archived from the original on 13 February 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
↑ "Peak Locomotive Company Ltd 154". Peakloco.com. Retrieved 24 July 2012.
↑ Diesel Loco Register – S.A.Sugden
↑ Motive Power Monthly, April 1989
↑ http://eorailway.co.uk/departments/rolling-stock/diesel-locomotives/
↑ "45 015 – A Potted History". The 45015 Fund. Archived from the original on 29 March 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
↑ "45015 – Toton Training Compound – 18-06-99". (Photo of withdrawn loco – S Lazenby). wnxx.com. Archived from the original on 29 March 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
↑ "45 015 – Frequently Asked Questions". (...concerning intention of restoration). The 45015 Fund. Archived from the original on 29 March 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
↑ "45015 Shackerstone 13/11/10 – R Beale". (Photo of derelict locomotive). wnxx.com. 13 November 2010. Archived from the original on 29 March 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2011.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to British Rail Class 45.

British railway locomotives and miscellany, 1948 to present

Diesel shunters	01 01/5 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13

Diesel shunters (pre-TOPS)	11001 11104 15107 13000 D1/1 D1/2 D1/3 D1/4 D2/1 D2/2 D2/3 D2/4 D2/5 D2/6 D2/7 D2/8 D2/9 D2/10 D2/11 D2/12 D3/1 D3/2 D3/3 D3/4 D3/5 D3/6 D3/7 D3/8 D3/9 D3/10 D3/11 D3/12 D3/13 D3/14

Main-line diesels:	14 15 16 17 18 20 21 (I) 21 (II) 22 (I) 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 33 35 37 38 40 41 (I) 41 (II) 41 (III) 42 43 (I) 43 (II) 44 45 46 47 48 (I) 48 (II) 50 51 52 53 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 65 66 67 68 70 (II)

Main-line diesels (pre-TOPS)	10000–10001 10100 10201–10203 10800 D8/1 D8/2 D10/1 D10/2 D10/3 D11/1 D11/2 D11/3 D11/4 D11/5 D12/1 D12/2 D12/3 D13/1 D14/1 D14/2 D15/1 D15/2 D16/1 D16/2 D17/1 D17/2 D20/1 D20/2 D22/1 D22/2 D23/1 D25/1 D27/1 D33/1

Electrics	22 (II) 70 (I) 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 (I) 88 (II) 89 90 91 92 93

Electrics (pre-TOPS)	AL1 AL2 AL3 AL4 AL5 AL6 EB1 EE1 EF1 EM1 EM2 ES1 HA HB JA JB

Departmental	97 97/6 Eastern Southern Other Series

Prototypes	15097–15099 18000 18100 D0226/D0227 D0260 D0280 D2999 DHP1 DP1 DP2 GT3 HS4000 Janus Taurus

Steam locomotives	98

Ships	99

Lists: Diesel locomotives Electric locomotives Miscellaneous locomotives Diesel multiple units Electric multiple units Departmental multiple units

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