Demographics of Bulgaria

Demographics of Bulgaria
Bulgarian demographic scale
Population	7 205 677 (31 December 2014) [1]
Growth rate	-5.2 people/1,000 population (2013) [1]
Birth rate	9.2 births/1,000 population (2013) [1]
Death rate	14.4 deaths/1,000 population (2013) [1]
Life expectancy	74.5 years (2013) [1]
• male	71.0 years
• female	78.0 years
Fertility rate	1.48 children born/woman (2013) [1]
Infant mortality rate	7.3 deaths/1,000 infants (2013) [1]
Net migration rate	-0.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012)
Age structure
0–14 years	13.2%
15–64 years	68.3%
65 and over	18.5% (2011) [2]
Sex ratio
At birth	1.06 male(s)/female
Under 15	1.05 male(s)/female
15–64 years	0.97 male(s)/female
65 and over	0.68 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationality	noun: Bulgarian(s) adjective: Bulgarian
Major ethnic	Bulgarian (84.8%)
Minor ethnic	Turkish (8.8%) Roma (4.9%) Other and unknown (1.5%)
Language
Official	Bulgarian (85.2%)

The demography of the Republic of Bulgaria is monitored by the "Natsionalen Statisticheski Institut" (National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria).

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Bulgaria, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Bulgaria has a high Human Development Index of 0.782, ranking 57th in the world in 2012^[3] and holds the 38th position in Newsweek's rankings of the world's best countries to live in, measuring health, education, political environment and economic dynamism.^[4]

Demographic history

Various estimates have put Bulgaria's medieval population at 1.1 million in 700 AD and 2.6 million in 1365.^[5] The latest 2011 census, the population inhabiting Bulgaria is 7,364,570 in total.^[2] The peak was in 1989, the year when the borders opened after a half of a century of totalitarian regime, when the population numbered 9,009,018.

Census population and average annual growth rate
Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
700	1,100,000	—
1365	2,600,000	+0.13%
1887	3,154,375	+0.04%
1892	3,310,713	+0.97%
1900	3,744,283	+1.55%
1905	4,035,575	+1.51%
1910	4,337,513	+1.45%
1920	4,846,971	+1.12%
1926	5,528,741	+2.22%
1934	6,077,939	+1.19%
1946	7,029,349	+1.22%
1956	7,613,709	+0.80%
1965	8,227,966	+0.87%
1975	8,727,771	+0.59%
1985	8,948,649	+0.25%
1989	9,009,018	+0.17%
1992	8,487,317	−1.97%
2001	7,932,984	−0.75%
2011	7,364,570	−0.74%
2014	7,205,677	−0.72%
2015	7,153,784	−0.72%
Source: Censuses in Bulgaria

Vital statistics

Vital statistics 1900–1915

^[6][7][8]

	Average population (x 1000)	Live births	Deaths	Natural change	Crude birth rate (per 1000)	Crude death rate (per 1000)	Natural change (per 1000)
1900	3 710	157 000	84 000	73 000	42.3	22.6	19.7
1901	3 740	141 000	87 000	54 000	37.7	23.3	14.4
1902	3 800	149 000	91 000	58 000	39.2	23.9	15.3
1903	3 850	159 000	88 000	71 000	41.3	22.9	18.4
1904	3 910	167 000	84 000	83 000	42.7	21.5	21.2
1905	4 000	174 000	87 000	87 000	43.5	21.8	21.8
1906	4 100	179 000	91 000	88 000	43.7	22.2	21.5
1907	4 150	180 000	92 000	88 000	43.4	22.2	21.2
1908	4 200	169 000	102 000	67 000	40.2	24.3	16.0
1909	4 280	173 000	113 000	60 000	40.4	26.4	14.0
1910	4 350	180 000	100 000	80 000	41.4	23.0	18.4
1911	4 400	176 000	94 000	82 000	40.0	21.4	18.6
1912	4 430	185 000	91 000	94 000	41.8	20.5	21.2
1913	4 200	108 000	122 000	-14 000	25.7	29.0	-3.3
1914	4 240	191 000	88 000	103 000	45.0	20.8	24.3
1915	4 280	172 000	85 000	87 000	40.2	19.9	20.3

Vital statistics 1916–1940

	Average population (x 1000)	Live births	Deaths	Natural change	Crude birth rate (per 1000)	Crude death rate (per 1000)	Natural change (per 1000)	Fertility rates
1916	4 660	99 000	97 000	2 000	21.2	20.8	0.4
1917	4 690	81 000	99 000	-18 000	17.3	21.1	-3.8
1918	4 740	100 000	152 000	-52 000	21.1	32.1	-11.0
1919	4 790	157 000	97 000	60 000	32.8	20.3	12.5
1920	4 850	193 000	104 000	89 000	39.8	21.4	18.4
1921	4 890	197 000	106 000	91 000	40.3	21.7	18.6
1922	5 010	203 000	106 000	97 000	40.5	21.2	19.4
1923	5 090	192 000	108 000	84 000	37.7	21.2	16.5
1924	5 210	207 000	108 000	99 000	39.7	20.7	19.0
1925	5 310	196 000	102 000	94 000	36.9	19.2	17.7
1926	5 420	203 000	93 000	110 000	37.5	17.2	20.3
1927	5 510	183 000	112 000	71 000	33.2	20.3	12.9
1928	5 590	185 000	99 000	86 000	33.1	17.7	15.4
1929	5 670	173 000	103 000	70 000	30.5	18.2	12.3
1930	5 740	180 000	93 000	87 000	31.4	16.2	15.2	4,05
1931	5 800	171 000	98 000	73 000	29.5	16.9	12.6	3,80
1932	5 884	186 000	96 000	90 000	31.6	16.3	15.3	4,07
1933	5 961	174 000	93 000	81 000	29.2	15.6	13.6	3,76
1934	6 039	181 795	85 046	96 749	30.1	14.1	16.0	3,88
1935	6 102	160 951	89 086	71 865	26.4	14.6	11.8	3,39
1936	6 154	159 146	87 723	71 423	25.9	14.3	11.6	3,33
1937	6 196	150 771	84 674	66 097	24.3	13.7	10.7	3,12
1938	6 244	142 415	85 373	57 042	22.8	13.7	9.1	2,92
1939	6 292	138 883	84 150	54 733	22.1	13.4	8.7	2,81
1940	6 341	140 564	85 046	55 518	22.2	13.4	8.8	2,84

Vital statistics 1941 to present

	Average population (x 1000)	Live births	Deaths	Natural change	Crude birth rate (per 1000)	Crude death rate (per 1000)	Natural change (per 1000)	Fertility rates
1941	6 711	147 293	85 011	62 282	21.9	12.7	9.3	2,80
1942	6 767	153 272	88 082	65 190	22.6	13.0	9.6	2,91
1943	6 823	148 840	88 386	60 454	21.8	13.0	8.9	2,79
1944	6 879	151 013	94 082	56 931	22.0	13.7	8.3	2,83
1945	6 936	166 960	103 591	63 369	24.1	14.9	9.1	3,09
1946	6 993	179 226	95 799	83 427	25.6	13.7	11.9	3,29
1947	7 048	169 501	94 395	75 106	24.0	13.4	10.7	3,06
1948	7 130	175 771	89 927	85 844	24.7	12.6	12.0	3,16
1949	7 195	177 734	84 675	93 059	24.7	11.8	12.9	3,17
1950	7 251	182 571	74 134	108 437	25.2	10.2	15.0	2,94
1951	7 258	152 803	77 364	75 439	21.1	10.7	10.4	2,45
1952	7 275	154 014	84 254	69 760	21.2	11.6	9.6	2,44
1953	7 346	153 220	68 055	85 165	20.9	9.3	11.6	2,41
1954	7 423	149 902	68 384	81 518	20.2	9.2	11.0	2,36
1955	7 499	150 978	67 960	83 018	20.1	9.1	11.1	2,41
1956	7 576	147 910	71 153	76 757	19.5	9.4	10.1	2,36
1957	7 651	141 035	65 807	75 228	18.4	8.6	9.8	2,26
1958	7 728	138 294	60 734	77 560	17.9	7.9	10.0	2,23
1959	7 798	136 892	73 850	63 042	17.6	9.5	8.1	2,23
1960	7 867	140 082	63 665	76 417	17.8	8.1	9.7	2,31
1961	7 943	137 861	62 562	75 299	17.4	7.9	9.5	2,29
1962	8 013	134 148	69 640	64 508	16.7	8.7	8.1	2,24
1963	8 078	132 143	66 057	66 086	16.4	8.2	8.2	2,21
1964	8 144	130 958	64 479	66 479	16.1	7.9	8.2	2,19
1965	8 201	125 791	66 970	58 821	15.3	8.2	7.2	2,09
1966	8 258	123 039	68 366	54 673	14.9	8.3	6.6	2,03
1967	8 310	124 582	74 696	49 886	15.0	9.0	6.0	2,02
1968	8 370	141 460	72 176	69 284	16.9	8.6	8.3	2,27
1969	8 434	143 060	80 183	62 877	17.0	9.5	7.5	2,27
1970	8 490	138 745	77 095	61 650	16.3	9.1	7.3	2,17
1971	8 536	135 422	82 805	52 617	15.9	9.7	6.2	2,10
1972	8 576	131 316	84 174	47 142	15.3	9.8	5.5	2,03
1973	8 621	139 713	81 470	58 243	16.2	9.5	6.8	2,15
1974	8 679	149 196	85 239	63 957	17.2	9.8	7.4	2,29
1975	8 721	144 668	89 974	54 694	16.6	10.3	6.3	2,23
1976	8 759	144 929	88 348	56 581	16.5	10.1	6.5	2,24
1977	8 804	141 702	94 362	47 340	16.1	10.7	5.4	2,20
1978	8 814	136 442	92 445	43 997	15.5	10.5	5.0	2,15
1979	8 826	135 358	94 403	40 955	15.3	10.7	4.6	2,11
1980	8 862	128 190	97 950	30 240	14.5	11.1	3.4	2,05
1981	8 891	124 372	95 441	28 931	14.0	10.7	3.3	1,99
1982	8 917	124 166	100 293	23 873	13.9	11.2	2.7	2,02
1983	8 940	122 993	102 182	20 811	13.8	11.4	2.3	2,00
1984	8 961	122 303	101 419	20 884	13.6	11.3	2.3	1,97
1985	8 960	118 955	107 485	11 470	13.3	12.0	1.3	1,95
1986	8 958	120 078	104 039	16 039	13.4	11.6	1.8	2,00
1987	8 971	116 672	107 213	9 459	13.0	12.0	1.0	1,96
1988	8 981	117 440	107 385	10 055	13.1	12.0	1.1	1,97
1989	8 877	112 289	106 902	5 387	12.6	12.0	0.6	1,90
1990	8 718	105 180	108 608	-3 428	12.1	12.5	-0.4	1,81
1991	8 632	95 910	110 423	-14 513	11.1	12.8	-1.7	1,65
1992	8 540	89 134	107 998	-18 864	10.4	12.6	-2.2	1,54
1993	8 472	84 400	109 540	-25 140	10.0	12.9	-2.9	1,45
1994	8 444	79 442	111 787	-32 345	9.4	13.2	-3.8	1,37
1995	8 406	71 967	114 670	-42 703	8.6	13.6	-5.0	1,23
1996	8 363	72 188	117 056	-44 868	8.6	14.0	-5.4	1,24
1997	8 312	64 125	121 861	-57 736	7.7	14.7	-7.0	1,09
1998	8 257	65 361	118 190	-52 829	7.9	14.3	-6.4	1,11
1999	8 211	72 291	111 786	-39 495	8.8	13.6	-4.8	1,23
2000	8 170	73 679	115 087	-41 408	9.0	14.1	-5.1	1,26
2001	7 910	68 180	112 368	-44 188	8.6	14.2	-5.6	1,22
2002	7 849	66 499	112 617	-46 118	8.5	14.3	-5.8	1,21
2003	7 786	67 359	111 927	-44 568	8.6	14.3	-5.7	1,23
2004	7 781	69 886	110 110	-40 224	9.0	14.2	-5.2	1,29
2005	7 740	71 075	113 374	-42 299	9.2	14.6	-5.4	1,31
2006	7 699	73 978	113 438	-39 460	9.6	14.7	-5.1	1,38
2007	7 660	75 349	113 004	-37 655	9.8	14.8	-5.0	1,42
2008	7 623	77 712	110 523	-32 811	10.2	14.5	-4.3	1,48
2009	7 585	80 956	108 068	-27 112	10.7	14.2	-3.5	1,57
2010	7 534	75 513	110 165	-34 652	10.0	14.6	-4.6	1,49
2011	7 348	70 846	108 258	-37 412	9.6	14.7	-5.1	1,51
2012	7 305	69 678	109 281	-39 603	9.5	15.0	-5.4	1,50
2013	7 246	66 578	104 345	-37 767	9.2	14.4	-5.2	1,48
2014	7 202	67 585	108 952	-41 367	9.4	15.1	-5.7	1,52
2015	7 154	65 950	110 117	-44 167	9.2	15.3	-6.1	1,53

Projections

The following forecast for the future population is an official estimate of the National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria.^[9]

Year	Population
2015	7,159,819
2020	6,950,436
2025	6,734,989
2030	6,519,217
2035	6,311,454
2040	6,115,526
2045	5,929,267
2050	5,748,061
2055	5,567,060
2060	5,384,040

Ethnic groups

Population of Bulgaria according to ethnic group 1900–1946

Ethnic group	census 1900		census 1905		census 1910		census 1920		census 1926		census 1934		census 1946		census 1956
	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%
Bulgarian[10]	2,888,219	77.1	3,203,810	79.4	3,518,756	81.1	4,036,056	83.3	4,557,706	83.2	5,204,217	85.6	5,903,580	84.0	6,506,541	85.5
Turkish[10]	531,240	14.2	488,010	12.1	465,641	10.7	520,339	10.7	577,552	10.5	591,193	9.7	675,500	9.6	656,025	8.6
Roma[10]	89,549	2.4	99,004	2.5	122,296	2.8	98,451	2.0	134,844	2.5	149,385	2.5	170,011	2.4	197,865	2.6
Russian	1,685	0.0	3,275	0.2	2,505	0.2	9,080	0.2	19,706	0.4	11,928	0.2	13,200	0.2	10,551	0.1
Armenian	14,581	0.4			12,932	0.3	11,509	0.2	27,332	0.5	25,963	0.4	21,637	0.3	21,954	0.3
Sarakatsani			6,128	0.2	7,251	0.2									2,085	0.0
Macedonian	0	-	0	-	0	-	0	-	0	-	0	-	[11] 169,544^2	2.4	187,789^2	2.5
Greek	66,635	1.8	63,487	1.6	43,275	1.0	42,074	0.9	10,564	0.2	9,601	0.2			7,437	0.1
Jewish	33,661	0.9	37,663	0.9	40,133	0.9	43,209	0.9	46,558	0.8	48,565	0.8	44,209	0.6	6,027	0.1
Romanian	71,063	1.9	75,773	1.9	79,429	1.8	57,312	1.2	69,080	1.2	16,504	0.3			3,749	0.0
Tatar	18,884	0.5	17,942	0.4	18,228	0.4			6,191	0.1					5,993	0.1
Gagauz			10,175	0.3					4,362	0.1
Others															13,199	0.2
Undeclared	0	-	0	-	0	-	0	-	0	-	0	-	0	-	0	-
Total	3,744,283		4,035,575		4,337,513		4,846,971		5,528,741		6,077,939		7,029,349		7,613,709
^2There are strong indications that in the 1946 and the 1956 census the population was forced to list as ethnic Macedonians against their will by the communist government in accordance with an agreement with Yugoslavia.[12][13]

Population of Bulgaria according to ethnic group 1965–2011

Ethnic group	census 1965		census 1975		[14] census 1992		[15] census 2001		[16] census 2011^1
	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	% / % of Total
Bulgarian[10]	7,231,243	87.9	7,930,024	90.9	7,271,185	85.7	6,655,210	83.9	5,664,624	84.8 / 76.9
Turkish[10]	780,928	9.5	730,728	8.4	800,052	9.4	746,664	9.4	588,318	8.8 / 8.0
Roma[10]	148,874	1.8			313,396	3.7	370,908	4.7	325,343	4.9 / 4.4
Russian	10,815	0.1			17,139	0.2	15,595	0.2	9,978	0.1
Armenian	20,282	0.2	14,526	0.2	13,677	0.2	10,832	0.1	6,552	0.1
Vlach					5,159	0.1	10,566	0.1	3,684	0.1
Sarakatsani					5,144	0.1	4,107	0.1	2,556	0.0
Ukrainian					1,864	0.0	2,489	0.0	1,789	0.0
Macedonian	9,632	0.1			10,803	0.1	5,071	0.1	1,654	0.0
Greek	8,241	0.1			4,930	0.1	3,408	0.0	1,379	0.0
Jewish	5,108	0.1	3,076	0.0	3,461	0.0	1,363	0.0	1,162	0.0
Romanian					2,491	0.0	1,088	0.0	891	0.0
Tatar	6,430	0.1	5,963	0.1	4,515	0.1	1,803	0.0
Gagauz					1,478	0.0	540	0.0
Other					23,542	0.3	12,342	0.2	19,659	0.3
Undeclared	0	-	0	-	8,481	0.1	86,915	1.1	736,981	10.0^1
Total	8,227,966		8,727,771		8,487,317		7,932,984		7,364,570
^1 The 2011 percentage of the ethnic groups is calculated only from those who answered the optional question on ethnicity (6,680,980 in total) and does not include around 700,000 people who did not answer the question or 10% from the population,

The censuses in 1880, 1887 and 1892 did not have a question on ethnic affiliation.

The following table shows the ethnic composition of all Provinces of Bulgaria according to the 2011 census:

Distribution of the ethnic groups by municipalities according to the 2001 census:
Yellow: Bulgarian ethnic group
White: Turkish ethnic group

Distribution of the ethnic groups by municipalities according to the 2011 census:
Red: Bulgarian ethnic group
Green: Turkish ethnic group

Province	Ethnicity	Ethnicity	Ethnicity
	Bulgarian	Turkish	Roma
Blagoevgrad Province	89%	6%	3%
Burgas Province	80%	13%	5%
Dobrich Province	75%	13%	9%
Gabrovo Province	92%	6%	1%
Haskovo Province	79%	13%	7%
Kardzhali Province	30%	66%
Kyustendil Province	93%	0%	6%
Lovech Province	91%	3%	4%
Montana Province	86%	0%	13%
Pazardzhik Province	84%	6%	8%
Pernik Province	96%	0%	3%
Pleven Province	91%	4%	4%
Plovdiv Province	87%	6%	5%
Razgrad Province	43%	50%	5%
Ruse Province	81%	13%	4%
Shumen Province	59%	30%	8%
Silistra Province	57%	36%	5%
Sliven Province	77%	10%	12%
Smolyan Province	91%	5%	0%
Sofia City	96%	1%	2%
Sofia Province	91%	0%	7%
Stara Zagora Province	86%	5%	8%
Targovishte Province	55%	36%	7%
Varna Province	87%	7%	3%
Veliko Tarnovo Province	90%	7%	2%
Vidin Province	91%	0%	8%
Vratsa Province	93%	0%	6%
Yambol Province	87%	3%	8%
Source (2011 census):[17]

Languages

Distribution of languages of Bulgaria (2001) [18]
Bulgarian			84.5%
Turkish			9.6%
Roma (Gypsy)			4.1%
others			0.9%
undeclared			0.9%

The 2001 census defines an ethnic group as a "community of people, related to each other by origin and language, and close to each other by mode of life and culture"; and one's mother tongue as "the language a person speaks best and usually uses for communication in the family (household)".^[19]

Religion

Bulgaria's traditional religion according to the constitution is the Orthodox Christianity, while Bulgaria is a secular state too. Since the last two censuses (2001 and 2011) provide widely divergent results, they are both shown in the table below. It is noteworthy that over a fifth of the population chose not to respond to this question in the 2011 census.

Non-Muslims and Muslims in Bulgaria during 1887–2001.

	2001 [20]	2011 [2][21]
Orthodox Christian	82.6%	59.4%
Muslim	12.2%	7.8% (7.4 % Sunni; 0.4 % Shia)
Catholic	0.6%	0.7%
Protestant	0.5%	0.9%
Other	0.2%	0.15%
None	3.9%	9.3%
No response	-	21.8 %

The results of the Bulgarian 2011 Census, in which the indication of answer regarding the question for confession was optional, are as follows:^[22]

Group	Population	% of declared	% of total
Orthodoxy	4,374,135	76.0%	59.4%
Undeclared	1,606,269	-	21.8%
Irreligion	682,162	11.8%	9.3%
Islam	577,139	10.0%	7.8%
Protestantism	64,476	1.1%	0.9%
Roman Catholicism	48,945	0.8%	0.7%
Oriental Orthodoxy	1,715	0.0%	0.0%
Jews	706	0.0%	0.0%
Others	9,023	0.2%	0.1%
Figure of percentage	-	5,758,301	7,364,570

The results of the Bulgarian 2001 Census by ethnic groups, the latest census in which the indication of identification(whether by confession or as irreligious) in the question for confession was obligatory, are as follows:^[23][24]

Ethnic groups by confession	Total		Bulgarians		Turks		Roma		Others
	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%
Orthodoxy	6,552,751	82.6	6,315,938	94.9	5,425	0.7	180,326	48.6	51,062
Islam	966,978	12.2	131,531	2.0	713,024	95.5	103,436	27.9	18,987
Irreligion	308,116	3.9	151,008	2.3	23,146	3.1	59,669	16.1
Roman Catholicism	43,811	0.6	37,811	0.6	2,561	0.3
Protestantism	42,308	0.5	14,591	0.2	2,066	0.3	24,651	6.6	1,000
Others	14,937	0.2	4,331	0.1	442	0.1
Total population	7,928,901	100.0	6,655,210	100.0	746,664	100.0	370,908	100.0		100.0

Life expectancy at birth

Fertility rate (1980–2010)

Age structure (2011)

Birth rate (1990–2010)

Total population: 74.02 years

Male: 70.62 years

Female: 77.55 years (2012 est.) ^[1]

Infant mortality rate

Total: 7.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2012) ^[1]

Male: 9.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2012)

Female: 6.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2012)

Sex ratio

Of the total 7,364,570 as of 2011, 3 586 571 are males and 3,777,999 are females, or there are 1053 women for 1,000 men.

Education

Over 98% of the population is literate, the males being more literate than the females.

Unemployment

The median unemployment for the country in 2011 was 10.1%.

Private ownership

About 97 per cent of the population live in privately owned and owner-occupied homes, which is the highest ownership rate in the world.^[25] There is also a high rate of household appliance ownership, such as television sets (97.9 per cent of all households), refrigerators (93.3) and telephones (90.6), and relatively high rates for computers (42.9) and automobiles (41.9 per cent). The number of Internet users has increased rapidly since 2000—from 430,000 their number grew to 1.55 million in 2004, and 3.4 million (48 per cent penetration rate) in 2010.^[26] Bulgaria has the third-fastest average Broadband Internet speed in the world after South Korea and Romania with an average speed of 1,611 KBps.^[27][28] Currently there are three active mobile phone operators—Mtel, Telenor and Vivacom, Mtel is the largest one with 5.2 million users as of 2010,^[29] Telenor has 3,9 million as of 2007 and Vivacom over 1 million.

HIV

Bulgaria's HIV rate is among the lowest in the world, being 0.1% or 3,800 infected as of 2009.

Emigration

More than 1 million Bulgarians have emigrated since 1989 when the borders were opened and the population numbered 9 million.

Urbanization

Most Bulgarians (72.5 per cent) reside in urban areas. Approximately one-sixth of them live in Sofia, which has a population exceeding 1,200,000 people.

Urban population: 5,338,261 or 72.5% of total population (Census 2011) ^[2]

Rural: 2,026,309 or 27.5%

Rate of urbanization: -0.3% annual rate of change (2005–10 est.)

Largest cities

See also

• Immigration to Bulgaria
• Immigration to Europe
• List of countries by immigrant population
• Bulgaria
• Aging of Europe

References

1. "National statistical institute". Nsi.bg. 2014-04-17. Retrieved 2014-04-17.
2. 2011 Bulgarian census (in English)
3. Human Development Index 2013, Human development indices by the United Nations. Retrieved on 4 May 2013
4. "Interactive Infographic of the World’s Best Countries". Newsweek.com. 15 August 2010. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
5. "[The population of Bulgaria during the Middle Ages... [Naselenie. 1986] - PubMed – NCBI" 4. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2014-01-24: 3–11. PMID 12280532. Retrieved 2014-04-17.
6. B.R. Mitchell. European historical statistics, 1750–1975.
7. Demographic Yearbook 1948 (PDF). Statistical Office of the United Nations. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
8. "National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria". Retrieved 10 October 2014.
9. "Official forecast for the population of Bulgaria". National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria.
10. "Население по местоживеене, пол и етническа група (Population by place of residence, sex and ethnic group)". NSI. 1900–2011.
11. Georgeoff, Peter John (with David Crowe), "National Minorities in Bulgaria, 1919– 1980" in Horak, Stephen, ed., Eastern European National Minorities 1919/1980: A Handbook, (Littleton, Co: Libraries Limited, Inc.).
12. v, Joseph. The Communist Party of Bulgaria; Origins and Development, 1883–1936. Columbia University Press. p. 126.
13. A. Cook, Bernard (2001). Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. p. 810. ISBN 0-8153-4058-3.
14. "6.1 European population committee (The demographic characteristics of the main ethnic/national minorities in Bulgaria)". Council of Europe.
15. "НАСЕЛЕНИЕ КЪМ 1 March 2001 Г. ПО ОБЛАСТИ И ЕТНИЧЕСКА ГРУПА (Inhabitants as at 1 March 2001 by province and ethnic group)". NSI. 1 March 2001.
16. "Население по местоживеене, възраст и етническа група (Population by place of residence, age and ethnic group)". NSI. 2011.
17. Population by province, municipality, settlement and ethnic identification, by 1 February 2011; Bulgarian National Statistical Institute (Bulgarian)
18. "Population by mother tongue". NSI.
19. Cultrual Policies and Trends in Europe. "Population by ethnic group and mother tongue, 2001". Retrieved 2 December 2008.
20. Population as of March 2001 by Religion National Statistical Institute. Retrieved Sept 2012.
21. Population 2011 final results by Religion National Statistical Institute. Retrieved Sept 2012.
22. "Население по местоживеене, възраст и вероизповедание" (in Bulgarian). NSI. 2011. Retrieved 2016-04-11.
23. "Структура на населението по вероизповедание (Structure of the population by confession)". NSI.
24. "Етнически малцинствени общности (Ethnic minority communities)". NSI.
25. "Renovation of Multi-family Buildings (Bulgaria): Retrofitting for the Future". Sustainable Energy Europe Awards. Retrieved 12 May 2012.
26. "Bulgaria Internet Usage Stats and Market Report". Internetworldstats.com. 30 June 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
27. "Bulgaria ranks third in global Internet speed survey". The Sofia Echo. 21 September 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2012.
28. "The World in 2011 – Facts and Figures" (PDF). International Telecommunication Union. February 2012. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
29. Archived 23 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
30. http://www.nsi.bg/EPDOCS/Census2011final.pdf

External links

• 2005 Report on European Demography, Eurostat
• Annual report of the National Statistics Institute for 2005 regarding population and demographic processes
• Bulgarian Subject Files – Social Issues: Minorities Open Society Archives, Budapest
• Bulgarians – Species on the Brink