Eluru

Eluru
ఏలూరు
Ellore
Helapuri
City

Eluru Fire Station Centre
Eluru
Coordinates: 16°42′N 81°06′E / 16.7°N 81.1°E / 16.7; 81.1Coordinates: 16°42′N 81°06′E / 16.7°N 81.1°E / 16.7; 81.1
Country India
State Andhra Pradesh
District West Godavari
Government
 • Type Mayor-council
 • Body Eluru Municipal Corporation
 • M.P Maganti Venkateswara Rao
 • M.L.A Badeti Kota Ramarao
Area[1]
 • City 14.50 km2 (5.60 sq mi)
Elevation 22 m (72 ft)
Population (2011)[2]
 • City 218,018
 • Rank 6th (in state)
 • Density 15,000/km2 (39,000/sq mi)
 • Metro[3] 283,648
Demonym(s) Elurian
Languages
 • Official Telugu
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 53400*
Telephone code +91–8812
Vehicle registration AP–37
Website Eluru Municipal Corporation
Buddha Statue

Eluru is a city and district headquarters of West Godavari district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.[4] It is one of the 16 municipal corporations in the state, and the mandal headquarters of Eluru mandal in Eluru revenue division.[5][6] As of 2011 Census of India, the city had a population of 218,018.[2] The city is well known for its wool-pile carpets and hand woven products.[7]

Etymology

The city was alternately referred as in days of Buddhist kingdom of Vengi Helapuri.[8] It was also known as Ellore.[9]

History

History of Eluru dates back to 2nd century and has great prominence in the history of Andhra. Vengi near Eluru was capital of Andhra from 2nd century to 12th century, ruled by Salankayanas, Vishnukudinas, and Eastern Chalukyas. Vengi was capital of Andhra for many years than other city. Eluru was part of the Buddhist kingdom of Vengi.

Eastern Chalukyas Period (7th century to 12th century):

Eastern Chalukyas, or Chalukyas of Vengi were a South Indian dynasty whose kingdom was located in the present day Andhra Pradesh. Their capital was Vengi (Pedavegi and Denduluru, near Eluru) and their dynasty lasted for around 500 years from the 7th century until c. 1130 C.E. when the Vengi kingdom merged with the Chola empire. The Vengi kingdom was continued to be ruled by Eastern Chalukyan kings under the protection of the Chola empire until 1189 C.E., when the kingdom succumbed to the Hoysalas and the Yadavas. They had their capital originally at Vengi now (Pedavegi, Chinavegi and Denduluru) near Eluru of the West Godavari district end later changed to Rajamahendravaram (Rajamundry).

Kakathiya, Kalinga, Vijayanagara, and Golkonda's Period (13th Century to 16th Century):

Eluru was later captured by Kakatiyas and then became a part of the Kalinga Empire until 1471. Later it fell into the hands of the Gajapatis. In 1515 Srikrishnadevaraya captured it. After the fall of the Vijayanagara Kingdom, it was taken by the Sultan of Golkonda, Kutub Shah.

Modern History:

Eluru was formerly a military station, and the capital of the Northern Circars, a former division of British India's Madras Presidency.[9] Salabat Jang, the son of the Nizam al Mulk, granted Northern Circurs to French East India Company and was necessarily transferred from the French to the British. After the British established control over South India, Eluru and surrounding areas were merged into the Madras Presidency.

Eluru was a part of Machilipatnam district after the division of Northern Circars. In 1859, it was included in the Godavari district and later it was made a part of the Krishna district. In 1925, it became the headquarters of the then newly West Godavari district.[10]

Geography

Eluru is located at 16°42′N 81°06′E / 16.7°N 81.1°E / 16.7; 81.1 and has an average elevation of 22 m (72 ft). It lies on the Eastern coastal plains.[11] The Tammileru river, the Krishna and Godavari Canals passes through the city, before the river and the Eluru canal from Krishna empties into Kolleru Lake near the city.[10]

Climate

The city experiences hot and humid climate due to its close proximity from the shore of Bay of Bengal. It has an average annual temperature of 28.2 °C (82.8 °F). May is the hottest and December is the coolest month of the year. July receives most precipitation and annually the city receives an average rainfall of 992 mm (39.1 in).[12]

Climate data for Eluru, Andhra Pradesh
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 29.1
(84.4)		 31.7
(89.1)		 34.5
(94.1)		 36.7
(98.1)		 38.6
(101.5)		 36.9
(98.4)		 32.4
(90.3)		 32.0
(89.6)		 32.2
(90)		 31.4
(88.5)		 29.8
(85.6)		 28.8
(83.8)		 32.84
(91.12)
Average low °C (°F) 18.9
(66)		 20.3
(68.5)		 22.6
(72.7)		 25.8
(78.4)		 27.9
(82.2)		 27.2
(81)		 25.4
(77.7)		 25.3
(77.5)		 25.3
(77.5)		 24.3
(75.7)		 21.3
(70.3)		 18.8
(65.8)		 23.59
(74.44)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 3
(0.12)		 6
(0.24)		 6
(0.24)		 14
(0.55)		 40
(1.57)		 123
(4.84)		 229
(9.02)		 186
(7.32)		 170
(6.69)		 166
(6.54)		 40
(1.57)		 9
(0.35)		 992
(39.05)
Source: en.climate-data.org

Demographics

Aerial view of R.R.Pet from Powerpet

As of 2011 census of India, Eluru had population of 217,876 with 55,019 households.[1] The Eluru urban agglomeration had a population of 283,648.[3]

Governance

Civic administration

Eluru Municipal Corporation is the civic body of Eluru. It was first constituted as a municipality on 1866.[13] It was upgraded to municipal corporation on 9 April 2005 from selection grade municipality.[8] It is spread over an of 14.50 km2 (5.60 sq mi) with 50 wards.[1] The present Municipal commissioner of the city is Y.Sai Sreekanth and the Mayor is Shaik Noorjahan.[14] In 2015, as per the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan of the Ministry of Urban Development, Eluru Municipal Coporation was ranked 249th in the country.[15]

Eluru urban agglomeration is spread over an area of 23.85 km2 (9.21 sq mi) and its constituents include, Eluru municipal corporation, census towns of Sanivarapupeta, Satrampadu, Gavaravaram, Tangellamudi and partly out growths of Komadavole, Eluru (rural) villages.[6]:54

Law and order in Eluru is maintained with the help of 8 Police stations, which includes one women and one traffic police station. These are under the jurisdiction of Additional Judicial First Class Magistrate.[16]

Politics

Eluru (Assembly constituency) is one of the constituency for Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly. Badeti Kota Ramarao is the present MLA of the constituency from Telugu Desam Party.[17] The constituency falls under Eluru (Lok Sabha constituency) which was won by Maganti Venkateswara Rao of Telugu Desam Party.[18][19]

Economy

Central Plaza – A shopping mall in city

Tangellamudi, Sanivarapueta and Lakshavarapupeta areas of the city are known for the wooden pile carpet industry. The eco-friendly carpets are made from wool and are exported to the countries like US, Australia, Germany and the UK.[20][21] R.R.Pet, Powerpet, 1-Town area are the commercial places in Eluru.

Ambica Agarbathis company has its manufacturing unit in Eluru Industrial Estate.[22]

Transport

Public transport

Eluru New Bus Stand Departure Block

Eluru is well connected to most of the cities and towns in Andhra Pradesh by road, rail and waterways. The bus, auto and railway are the main mode of transport services. While, Vijayawada Airport is the nearest airport for the air travel, which is located at a distance of 40 km from the city. APSRTC operates its bus services from Eluru Old and Eluru New bus stations[23][24] to various parts of the State and also to other states.

Roadways

GNT road in city

The National Highway 5, a part of Asian Highway 45 passes through the city.[25] State Highway 43 and State Highway 44 connects Eluru with Sathupalli and Jangareddygudem respectively.[26]

Rail

Eluru railway station

Eluru is classified as an A–category station in the Vijayawada railway division of South Central Railway zone.[27][28] Apart from the main station, other stations which serve the city include, Powerpet and Vatluru. All these stations are located on Howrah-Chennai main line.

Waterways

National Waterway 4 (India) (NW-4) has been declared as an Indian National Waterway and is under development. The National Waterway 4 (India) (NW-4) runs along the Coromandal Coast through Kakinada, Eluru, Commanur, Buckingham Canal and also through part of Krishna and Godavari rivers in South India.

Cityscape

View of Buddha Statue

Buddha park is located in the city and is notable for its 74 ft (23 m) Buddha statue in the Abhaya posture, located in the heart of Gaja Vallivari Cheruvu tank which as used as drinking water source for Elephants in Ancient Era.[29]

Nearby landmarks

Birds at Kolleru lake in the month of January

Kolleru lake is a largest fresh water lake, located at a distance of about 15 km from the city. The lake is known for attracting migratory birds from Northern Europe and Northern Asia during the months of October–March. Dwaraka Tirumala temple, Guntupalli Caves at distance of 40 km.

Sports

Cricket and Soccer are the most popular sports in the city. Presently the city 🏙 has four stadium out of which Indoor Stadium, ASR Stadium hosted for Ranji Trophy in 1977. Other popular stadiums are Helapuri grounds, C.R. Reddy Cricket stadium.

Education

Many private residential junior colleges, high schools and technical institutions are present in Eluru. Thousands of students from various places in the district and state study in these institutions every year. They include ASRAMS, Sir C.R.Reddy Educational Institutions, Ramachandra College of Engineering[30] , Eluru College of Engineering and Technology.[31]

Culture

The city residents are referred as Elurians.[32] The lifestyle of the city has a mixture of both urban and rural with some cosmopolitan element. Eluru's residents wear both Indian style and Western style clothing. The common traditional clothing for women is a Saree and Dhoti for men. Antique museum is being set up in the city, that will preserve prehistoric tools, idols and other pre-historic elements found in the archaeological excavations nearby the city.[33] The city of Eluru also have Cosmopolitan type of culture. It also contains a few night clubs.[34]

Notable persons from the city are, Kommareddi Suryanarayana, Murali Mohan are from politics. People from film industry are Sekhar Kammula, Silk Smitha, L. V. Prasad. Duvvuri Subbarao is Indian Economist from the city.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Eluru Municipal Corporation Details". Eluru Municipal Corporation. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
  2. 1 2 "Municipalities, Municipal Corporations & UDAs" (PDF). Directorate of Town and Country Planning. Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 February 2016. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
  3. 1 2 "Population Statistics". Eluru Municipal Corporation. Retrieved 18 September 2015.
  4. ↑ "District – West Godavari". Andhra Pradesh Online Portal. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
  5. ↑ "West Godavari District Mandals" (PDF). Census of India. p. 439. Retrieved 19 January 2015.
  6. 1 2 "District Census Handbook – West Godavari" (PDF). Census of India. pp. 22–23, 54. Retrieved 18 January 2015.
  7. ↑ Babu, A. Satish (2008). Tourism development in India : a case study. New Delhi: A.P.H. Pub. Corp. p. 87. ISBN 978-81-313-0346-7. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
  8. 1 2 Unnisa, edited by Syeda Azeem; Rav, S. Bhupatthi (2013). Sustainable solid waste management (Online-Ausg. ed.). Toronto: Apple Academic Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-926895-24-6. Retrieved 18 September 2015.
  9. 1 2 "Ellore – Encyclopedia". theodora.com.
  10. 1 2 ":: Eluru Municipal Corporation ::".
  11. ↑ Sr.Bimcy; Sr.Sisily; Charlotte. Bibliographic information. Scholar Publishing House. pp. 20–21. ISBN 8171725163. Retrieved 2015-08-28.
  12. ↑ http://en.climate-data.org/location/4946/. Retrieved 3 May 2016. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. ↑ "Municipalities, Municipal Corporations & UDAs" (PDF). Directorate of Town and Country Planning. Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 January 2016. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
  14. ↑ "Contact Details of Commissioners and Mayors of Amrut Cities" (PDF). Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation. Government of India. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
  15. ↑ Sandeep Kumar, S (10 August 2015). "Small towns fare better in Swachh Bharat rankings". The Hindu (Vijayawada). Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  16. ↑ "Territorial Jurisdiction of Criminal Courts". Official Website of District Court of India. Retrieved 12 January 2016.
  17. ↑ "MLA". AP State Portal. Retrieved 18 September 2015.
  18. ↑ "MP (Lok Sabha)". Government of AP. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
  19. ↑ "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 20,30. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  20. ↑ Nagaraja, G (20 March 2014). "Handmade carpet industry in doldrums". The Hindu. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  21. ↑ Sajnani, Manohar (2001). Encyclopaedia of tourism resources in India. New Delhi: Kalpaz Pub. p. 66. ISBN 978-81-7835-018-9. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  22. ↑ "Ambica Agarbathies". Retrieved 14 March 2016.
  23. ↑ "Bus Stations in Districts". Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
  24. ↑ "Eluru old bus stand in bad shape". Eluru. 26 May 2006. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
  25. ↑ "National Highways in A.P". AP Online Portal. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
  26. ↑ "Brief of Roads". Roads and Buildings Department. Government of Andhra Pradesh. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
  27. ↑ "Divisional info" (PDF). Indian Railways. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
  28. ↑ "Eluru railway station info". India Rail Info. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  29. ↑ "Eluru Tourism, Tourist Attractions in Eluru, Religious Places in Eluru".
  30. ↑ "Ramachandra College of Engineering Welcomes you". rcee.ac.in.
  31. ↑ "Welcome! Eluru College of Engineering & Technology : Eluru". ecet.ac.in.
  32. ↑ Eluru people as Elurians.
  33. ↑ Nagaraja, G (16 April 2014). "Antique museum at Eluru soon". The Hindu (Eluru). Retrieved 2 March 2016.
  34. ↑ "Entertainment in Eluru". eluru.

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