Félix Gouin

Felix Gouin
President of the Provisional Government of the French Republic
In office 26 January 1946 – 24 June 1946
Deputy	Maurice Thorez Francisque Gay
Preceded by	Charles de Gaulle
Succeeded by	Georges Bidault
President of the Constituent National Assembly
In office 8 November 1945 – 22 January 1946
President	Charles de Gaulle
Preceded by	Himself (Consultative Assembly) Édouard Herriot (1940)
Succeeded by	Vincent Auriol
President of the Consultative Assembly
In office 9 November 1943 – 8 November 1945
President	Charles de Gaulle
Succeeded by	Himself (Constituent Assembly)
Personal details
Born	4 October 1884 Peypin, France
Died	25 October 1977 (aged 93) Nice, France
Nationality	French
Political party	Socialist

Félix Gouin (French: [feliks ɡwɛ̃]; 1884–1977) was a French Socialist politician who was a member of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO).

Personal life

Félix Gouin was born in Peypin, Bouches-du-Rhône, the son of school teachers. He studied law in Aix-en-Provence.

In 1940 he was among the minority of parliamentarians refusing to grant full powers to Marshal Philippe Pétain.

During the war, he was part of the central committee which reconstituted the Human Rights League and also co-founded the Brutus Network, a Socialist Resistance group.

In 1946, he then succeeded Charles de Gaulle as head of the French Provisional Government. Gouin's tenure was arguably most notable for seeing the enactment of France’s first ever compulsory, amply funded retirement and worker’s compensation laws.^[1] In addition, both the 40-hour law and overtime pay were re-established, while the comites d'entreprise (works councils) were extended to firms with 50 workers.^[2] In April 1946, a statute was adopted by the French Parliament that abolished the colonial legal status of France’s four oldest colonies: Reunion, Guyane, Martinique, and Guadeloupe.^[3] Gouin's time in office also witnessed a significant extension of the role of the state in the workings of the French economy, with electricity, gas, coal, and the nine main insurance groups nationalized during Gouin's time in office.^[4]

Honours and awards

• Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur
• Grand Decoration of Honour in Silver with Sash for Services to the Republic of Austria^[5]

Government (26 January – 24 June 1946)

• Félix Gouin – Chairman of the Provisional Government
• Francisque Gay – Vice Chairman of the Provisional Government
• Maurice Thorez – Vice Chairman of the Provisional Government
• Georges Bidault – Minister of Foreign Affairs
• Edmond Michelet – Minister of Armies
• André Le Troquer – Minister of the Interior
• André Philip – Minister of Finance and National Economy
• Marcel Paul – Minister of Industrial Production
• Ambroise Croizat – Minister of Labour and Social Security
• Pierre-Henri Teitgen – Minister of Justice
• Marcel Edmond Naegelen – Minister of National Education
• Laurent Casanova – Minister of Veterans and War Victims
• François Tanguy-Prigent – Minister of Agriculture
• Henri Longchambon – Minister of Supply
• Marius Moutet – Minister of Overseas France
• Jules Moch – Minister of Public Works and Transport
• Robert Prigent – Minister of Public Health and Population
• François Billoux – Minister of Reconstruction and Town Planning
• Jean Letourneau – Minister of Posts

References

1. Hicks, Alexander (1999). Social Democracy and Welfare Capitalism: A Century of Income Security Politics. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0801485568.
2. https://books.google.com/books?id=TylMRbyL62UC&pg=PR13&dq=felix+gouin+social+security&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Mw_FUJCYPI-q0AWSiIHIBw&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=felix%20gouin%20social%20security&f=false
3. http://plc.revues.org/pdf/258
4. A History of the Twentieth Century: Volume Two: 1933-1951 by Martin Gilbert
5. "Reply to a parliamentary question" (pdf) (in German). p. 38. Retrieved 2 October 2012.