Hutt (New Zealand electorate)

Hutt was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It was one of the original electorates in 1853 and existed during two periods until 1978. It was represented by 13 Members of Parliament.

Population centres

The Representation Act 1900 had increased the membership of the House of Representatives from general electorates 70 to 76, and this was implemented through the 1902 electoral redistribution. In 1902, changes to the country quota affected the three-member electorates in the four main centres. The tolerance between electorates was increased to ±1,250 so that the Representation Commissions (since 1896, there had been separate commissions for the North and South Islands) could take greater account of communities of interest. These changes proved very disruptive to existing boundaries, and six electorates were established for the first time, and two electorates that previously existed were re-established, including Hutt.^[1]

The main population centre in the electorate was the city of Lower Hutt in the Hutt Valley.

History

The Hutt seat first existed from 1853 to 1870 as a two-member electorate.^[2]

At the opening of the 6th session of the 2nd Parliament on 10 April 1858,^[3] the speaker read out 14 resignations, including those of Dillon Bell and Samuel Revans.^[4] Bell moved to Otago and continued his political career there. On 31 July 1858, a by-election was held, and Alfred Renall and William Fitzherbert were returned.^[5]^[6]

From 1871 onwards, the electorate was a single-member constituency. Fitzherbert contested the general election on 29 December 1875 against Hutchison and obtained 178 votes, with Hutchison receiving 38.^[7] He retained the Hutt electorate until his resignation in 1879, so that he could appointed to the Legislative Council. H. Jackson won the resulting by-election against T. Mason,^[8] but Mason was successful against Jackson at the 1879 general election a few months later.^[9]

The electorate was abolished in 1893.^[2]

In 1902 the seat was recreated and was won by the Liberal leader Thomas Wilford. His party allegiance changed to the United Party, which took over from the Liberal Party by 1928. He resigned in 1929, and the ensuing by-election was won by Walter Nash. Nash became Minister of Finance and Prime Minister, and retired in 1968. The seat was then held by Trevor Young, also for Labour.

When the seat was split into Eastern Hutt and Western Hutt in 1978, Young won the new Eastern Hutt seat for Labour.

Members of Parliament

1853 to 1870

From 1853 to 1870, Hutt was a two-member electorate represented by six Members of Parliament:^[2]

Election	Winners
1853 election		Edward Gibbon Wakefield	Alfred Ludlam
1855 election		Francis Dillon Bell
1856 by-election			Samuel Revans
1858 by-election		William Fitzherbert	Alfred Renall
1860 election
1866 election			Alfred Ludlam

1871 to 1893

From 1871 to 1893, the electorate was represented by a further four Members of Parliament, with Fitzherbert continuing his term:

Election	Winner
1871 election		William Fitzherbert^[6]
1875 election
1879 by-election		Henry Jackson^[8]
1879 election		Thomas Mason^[9]^[10]
1881 election
1884 election		Henry Samuel Fitzherbert
1887 election
1890 election		Alfred Newman
(Electorate abolished 1893)

1902 to 1978

From 1902 to 1978, the electorate was represented by three Members of Parliament:^[2]

Election	Winner
1902 election		Thomas Wilford (Liberal, then United)
1905 election
1908 election
1911 election
1914 election
1919 election
1922 election
1925 election
1928 election
1929 by-election		Walter Nash (Labour)
1931 election
1935 election
1938 election
1943 election
1946 election
1949 election
1951 election
1954 election
1957 election
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1968 by-election		Trevor Young (Labour)
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election
(Electorate abolished 1978; see Western Hutt and Eastern Hutt)

Election results

1967 by-election

Hutt by-election, 1968
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Trevor Young	5,968	47.79
	National	John Kennedy-Good	4,576	36.64
	Social Credit	Tom Weal	1649	5.18
	Independent	N. G. Ursin	295	2.36
Majority			1,392	11.15
Turnout			12,488	68.04
Registered electors			18,354
	Labour hold		Swing

1931 election

General election, 1931: Hutt^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Walter Nash	9,187	59.08	+18.54
	United	James Kerr^{[nb 1]}	6,364	40.92	+2.09
Majority			2,823	18.15	+16.45
Informal votes			116	0.74
Turnout			15,667	86.98	+3.39
Registered electors			18,013

Table footnotes:

↑ For some biographical details of James Kerr refer to his father's article.

1929 by-election

Hutt by-election, 1929^[12]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Walter Nash	5,047	40.53	-4.55
	United	James Kerr^{[mb 1]}	4,835	38.83
	Reform	Harold Johnston^{[mb 2]}	2,570	20.64
Majority			212	1.70	-8.14
Informal votes			103	0.82	-1.31
Turnout			12,555	84.27	-6.67
Registered electors			14,898

Table footnotes:

↑ For some biographical details of Kerr refer to his father's article.
↑ For some biographical details of Johnston refer to his father's article.

1928 election

General election, 1928: Hutt^[13]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	United	Thomas Wilford	7,283	54.92
	Labour	Walter Nash	5,978	45.08
Majority			1,305	9.84
Informal votes			288	2.13
Turnout			13,549	90.95
Registered electors			14,898

1856 by-election

Hutt by-election, 1856^[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Independent	Samuel Revans	96	80.0
	Independent	George Hart	24	20.0
Turnout			120
Majority			72

Notes

↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 67f.
1 2 3 4 Wilson 1985, p. 265.
↑ "THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF NEW ZEALAND." (340). Otago Witness. 5 June 1858. p. 4. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
↑ "HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES." (340). Otago Witness. 5 June 1858. p. 5. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
↑ "Wellington". Hawke's Bay Herald 1 (48). 21 August 1858. p. 3. Retrieved 3 July 2010.
1 2 Hamer, David (22 June 2007). "Fitzherbert, William 1810 - 1891". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Retrieved 1 July 2010.
↑ "The Hutt Election". The Evening Post XII (154). 30 December 1875. p. 2. Retrieved 2 July 2010.
1 2 "The Hutt Election". The Evening Post. XVIII (3). 3 July 1879. p. 2. Retrieved 2 July 2010.
1 2 "The new Parliament". Clutha Leader VI (310). 12 September 1879. p. 5. Retrieved 30 June 2010.
↑ "The Hutt Election". The Evening Post. XVIII (62). 10 September 1879. p. 2. Retrieved 2 July 2010.
↑ The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 3. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
↑ "The Hutt Seat". The Evening Post CXII (108). 3 November 1931. p. 8. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
↑ The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. 1929. p. 3. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
↑ "Memorial of Merchants, Tradesmen, and Others". Lyttelton Times VI (427). 6 December 1856. p. 3. Retrieved 2 May 2013.

References

McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.

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