Ilocano people

Ilokanos
Tattao a Iloko
Total population
9,136,000
Regions with significant populations

 Philippines
(Ilocos Region, Cordillera, Cagayan Valley, Central Luzon, Metro Manila)


 United States
(Hawaii, California)


Worldwide
Languages
Philippine languages (Ilokano, Tagalog), English
Religion
Predominantly Roman Catholicism,
Aglipayan minority, Iglesia ni Cristo, Protestantism, Members Church of God International, Jehovah's Witnesses, Islam, Buddhism
Related ethnic groups
Filipinos (Ibanag, Ivatan, Kapampangan, Pangasinense), Austronesian peoples

The Ilokanos (Ilocano: Tattao a Iloko) or Iloko people are the third largest Filipino ethnolinguistic group. There are over 40 dialects of the Ilokano language and their speakers reside within the Ilocos region in the Philippines.

Etymology

The word Ilokano originates from Iloko (archaic form, Yloco), the conjugation of i- (meaning "of") and look (meaning "bay), which means "from the bay" in Ilokano. Aside from being referred to as Ilokano, they are also identified as Samtoy, a portmanteau of the Ilokano phrase sao mi ditoy meaning "our language here" ("sao mi" = "our language;" "ditoy" - "here").

Ethnic homeland

Main article: Ilocandia
Provinces where Ilokano people are the largest ethnic group are shown in green.

Ilocandia is the term given to the traditional homeland of the Ilokano people. From the original western strip of Northern Luzon, Ilocandia has spread throughout the Cordillera Administrative Region, Cagayan Valley and some parts of Central Luzon.

Demographics

Ilokanos number about 9,136,000. A few Ilokanos living in the Cordilleras have some Cordillerano blood.

Language

Ilokanos speak Ilokano, which is part of the Northern Philippine subgroup of the Austronesian family of languages. They also speak Cebuano (in Mindanao), Tagalog, and English as second languages.

Religion

Most Ilokanos are Roman Catholics, while a significant number belong to the Aglipayan Church, which originated in Ilocos Norte.[1][2]

Diaspora

Many Filipino Americans are of Ilokano descent. They make up 85% of the Filipino-American population in Hawai'i.

History

The Austronesian ancestors of the present-day Iloanos came to the Philippines through bilogs, or outrigger boats during the Iron Age.

Spanish Era to the Philippine Republic

The Spanish conquistador Juan de Salcedo explored the northern regions of the Philippines in 1571, where he traveled to the Ilocos region (among other places), pacifying the North, and establishing several Spanish municipalities, including Villa Fernandina.

Present

The mounting population pressure due to the substantial population density during the mid-19th century caused the migration of the Ilokanos out of their historic homeland. By 1903, more than 290,000 Ilokanos migrated to Central Luzon, Cagayan Valley, and Metro Manila. More than 180,000 moved to Pangasinan, Tarlac, and Nueva Ecija. Almost 50,000 moved to Cagayan Valley; half of them resided in Isabela. Around 47,000 lived in Zambales and the Sultan Kudarat more than 11,000

The Ilokano Diaspora continued in 1906 when Ilokanos started to migrate to Hawaii and California. Ilokanos composed the largest number of expatriates in the United States, though most are bilingual with Tagalog. There is a significant Ilokano community in Hawai'i, in which they make up more than 85% of the Filipino population there.[3]

Later migrations brought Ilokanos to the Cordilleras, Mindoro, Palawan, and Mindanao provinces of Sultan Kudarat, North Cotabato, and South Cotabato.

Food

Pinakbet, one of the staples of the Ilokano diet.

Ilokanos boast of a somewhat healthy diet heavy in boiled or steamed vegetables and freshwater fish, but are particularly fond of dishes flavored with bagoong, fermented fish that is often used instead of salt. Ilokanos often season boiled vegetables with bagoong monamon (fermented anchovy paste) to produce pinakbet. Local specialties include the "abuos," soft white larvae of ants, and "jumping salad" or tiny, live shrimp with kalamansi juice. Another food that is popular for many Ilokanos is the Moringa or "Malunggay". It is a good condiment for meat soup(e.g. tinola) or it can be mixed with the famous "dinengdeng", a soup made of mainly vegetables with prawns "alamang". Most households grow this tree in their backyards and usually offered free for all the neighbors who may want them. Many Ilokanos from Hawai'i are fond of eating them.

Literature

One of the most well-known Ilokano literary works written in Iloco is the Biag ni Lam-ang (The Life of Lam-Ang), an epic poem about the fantastic life and escapades of an Ilokano hero named Lam-ang. The Ilokano writer Elizabeth Medina is probably the most remarkable living Ilokano writer in Spanish language.

Notable Ilokanos

Philippine nationals of Ilokano ancestry

Foreign nationals of Ilokano ancestry

See also

Notes and sources

  1. "Ilokanos." Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of World Cultures. The Gale Group, Inc. 1999. Retrieved December 10, 2009.
  2. "UCLA Language Materials Project". Retrieved 2012-09-28.
  3. Uhm Center For Philippine Studies
  4. http://www.asiancinevision.org/marilou-diaz-abaya-obsessions-and-transitions-a-biographical-survey-16/
  5. https://twitter.com/macalejandre/status/89010769152311296
  6. http://www.filipinasoul.com/2007/05/filipinas-on-mt-everest/
  7. http://showbizandstyle.inquirer.net/sim/sim/view/20100807-285457/The-Ballad-of-Noel-Cabangon
  8. http://globalbalita.com/2006/11/
  9. PIA - Ilokano athlete eyes Olympics after hurdling SEA games pia.gov.ph
  10. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_k7Q60fXqM
  11. https://twitter.com/annecurtissmith/status/246890752632827904
  12. https://twitter.com/cesdrilon/status/352424102981664768
  13. https://twitter.com/Andrei_Felix/status/68818159783776256
  14. http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1085391/
  15. https://twitter.com/coleengarcia/status/82748880827072512
  16. https://twitter.com/jhongsample/status/58189319927644160
  17. https://twitter.com/bianca_king/status/51595764631224320
  18. https://twitter.com/DougKramer44/status/133214690779213825
  19. https://twitter.com/Itscarlolacana/status/301594472595193856
  20. https://twitter.com/japoy_lizardo/status/317502503568678912
  21. http://www.asianave.com/music/view/artist.html?owner_user_id=34900
  22. https://twitter.com/itsJaneOineza/status/342593290576748544
  23. https://twitter.com/padillabela/status/29437790034
  24. https://twitter.com/Jimparedes/status/17465090475
  25. http://www.asianewsnet.net/news.php?sec=1&id=2950
  26. http://www.spin.ph/basketball/news/marc-pingris-depensang-ilocano-import-stopper-ivan-johnson-purefoods-talk-n-text-pba-commissioners-cup-semifinals
  27. https://twitter.com/r_faulkerson/status/653368432050593793
  28. https://twitter.com/jericho_rosales/status/366824268442517505
  29. http://www.launion.gov.ph/page.php?10
  30. http://www.pep.ph/photos/611/Nova_Villa,_Happy_Homebody/num/3/635
  31. https://twitter.com/vicegandako/status/125379540884267008
  32. Althea Vega gears up for Cinemalaya starring role in ‘Amor Y Muerte’ - Entertainment News – InterAksyon.com interaksyon.com
  33. "Featuring 7-Year-Old Break Dancer Anjelo Lil' Demon Baligad! - The Ellen DeGeneres Show"
  34. YouTube sensation Mikey Bustos and how to be 'Pilipino' - Pinoy Abroad - GMA News Online gmanetwork.com
  35. Lauren Smiley. "The Eyes of the Hurricane". SF Weekly. March 10, 2010.
  36. "Ana Julaton: Her Side of the Ring". Mightygloves.com. November 28, 2009.
  37. "Famous Ilocanos and Ilocanas"
  38. Official Bacarra Site Trivia
  39. THE A-TRAIN: NASA'S EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM (EOS) SATELLITES AND OTHER EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES, dlr.de
  40. Aura Science Team Meeting : Boulder, Colorado : September 11 -15, 2006, avdc.gsfc.nasa.gov
  41. Ensuring the Climate Record from the NPOESS and GOES-R Spacecraft : Elements of a Strategy to Recover Measurement Capabilities Lost in Program Restructuring, National Academies Press, p. 25 (online page 36)
  42. "Munting Nayon News Magazine"
  43. http://hauteofftherack.com/new-orleans-fashion-blogger/

External links

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