Karachay-Balkar language

Karachay-Balkar
Къарачай-Малкъар тил Таулу тил
Native to	Russia
Region	Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay–Cherkessia
Ethnicity	Karachays, Balkars
Native speakers	310,000 (2010 census)[1]
Language family	Turkic Common Turkic Kipchak Kipchak–Cuman Karachay-Balkar
Dialects	Karachay Balkar
Writing system	Cyrillic, Latin
Official status
Official language in	Russia  Karachay-Cherkessia  Kabardino-Balkaria
Language codes
ISO 639-2	krc
ISO 639-3	krc
Glottolog	kara1465[2]

Koran Karachay-Balkar language version

The Karachay-Balkar language or Karachay-Balkar Turkish^[3] (Къарачай-Малкъар тил, Qaraçay-Malqar til or Таулу тил, Tawlu til) is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars. It is divided into two dialects: Karachay-Baksan-Chegem, which pronounces two phonemes as /tʃ/ and /dʒ/, and Balkar, which pronounces the corresponding phonemes as /ts/ and /z/. The modern Karachay-Balkar written language is based on the Karachay-Baksan-Chegem dialect. The language is closely related to Kumyk.^[4]

Alphabet

Modern Karachay-Balkar Cyrillic alphabet:

А а	Б б	В в	Г г	Гъ гъ	Д д	Дж дж	Е е
Ё ё	Ж ж	З з	И и	Й й	К к	Къ къ	Л л
М м	Н н	Нг нг	О о	П п	Р р	С с	Т т
У у	Ў ў	Ф ф	Х х	Ц ц	Ч ч	Ш ш	Щ щ
ъ	Ы ы	ь	Э э	Ю ю	Я я

Modern Karachay-Balkar roman alphabet:

A a	B в	C c	Ç ç	D d	E e	F f	G g
Ƣ ƣ	I i	J j	K k	Q q	L l	M m	N n
N̡ n̡	O o	Ө ө	P p	R r	S s	Ş ş	T t
Ь ь	U u	V v	Y y	X x	Z z	Ƶ ƶ

Language example

Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Karachay-Balkar:

In Cyrillic	Transliteration	Translation
Бютеу адамла эркин болуб эмда сыйлары бла хакълары тенг болуб тууадыла. Алагъа акъыл бла намыс берилгенди эмда бир-бирлерине къарнашлыкъ халда къараргъа керекдиле.	Bütew adamla erkin bolub emda sıyları bla haqları teñ bolub tuwadıla. Alağa aqıl bla namıs berilgendi emda bir-birlerine qarnaşlıq halda qararğa kerekdile.	All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Numbers in Karachay-Balkar and Turkish

0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
сыфар (sıfar)	бир (bir)	эки (eki)	юч (üç)	тёрт (tört)	беш (beş)	алты (altı)	джети (ceti)	сегиз (segiz)	тогъуз (toğuz)	он (on)
sıfır	bir	iki	üç	dört	beş	altı	yeti	sekiz	dokuz	on

Loanwords

Loanwords from Ossetian, Kabardian, Arabic, and Persian are fairly numerous.^[4]

Bibliography

• Chodiyor Doniyorov and Saodat Doniyorova. Parlons Karatchay-Balkar. Paris: Harmattan, 2005. ISBN 2-7475-9577-3.

References

1. Row 102 in Приложение 6: Население Российской Федерации по владению языками [Appendix 6: Population of the Russian Federation by languages used] (XLS) (in Russian). Федеральная служба государственной статистики [Federal State Statistics Service].
2. Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Karachay-Balkar". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
3. "Course Information: Karachay-Balkar Turkish". Sakarya University.
4. George L. Campbell and Gareth King (2013). Compendium of the World Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-1362-5846-6. Retrieved 23 May 2014.

External links

• Russian-Karachay-Balkar On-Line Dictionary (a)
• Russian-Karachay-Balkar On-Line Dictionary (b)
• "Заман" newspaper
• "Къарачай" newspaper
• "Минги Тау" magazine