Korolyov, Moscow Oblast

For other places with the same name, see Korolyov (inhabited locality).
Korolyov (English)
Королёв (Russian)
-  City[1]  -

Entrance to the city (October 2003)

Location of Moscow Oblast in Russia
Korolyov
Location of Korolyov in Moscow Oblast
Coordinates: 55°55′N 37°49′E / 55.917°N 37.817°E / 55.917; 37.817Coordinates: 55°55′N 37°49′E / 55.917°N 37.817°E / 55.917; 37.817
Coat of arms
Flag
Administrative status (as of March 2014)
Country Russia
Federal subject Moscow Oblast[1]
Administratively subordinated to Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
Administrative center of Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
Municipal status (as of May 2014)
Urban okrug Korolev Urban Okrug[2]
Administrative center of Korolev Urban Okrug[2]
Head[3] Alexander Khodyrev[3]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 183,402 inhabitants[4]
- Rank in 2010 98th
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[5]
City status since 1938[6]
Previous names Kaliningrad (until 1996)[6]
Postal code(s)[7] 141060, 141062, 141065, 141067–141071, 141073–141080, 141089, 994009
Official website
Korolyov on Wikimedia Commons

Korolyov or Korolev (Russian: Королёв; IPA: [kərɐˈlʲɵf]) is an industrial city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, well known as the cradle of Soviet and Russian space exploration. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 183,402.[4]

It was known as Kaliningrad (Калинингра́д) since 1938 and served as the leading Soviet center for production of anti-tank and air-defense guns. In 1946, in the aftermath of World War II, the artillery plant was reconstructed for production of rockets, launch vehicles, and spacecraft, under the guidance of Russian scientist and academician Sergei Korolev, who envisioned, consolidated and guided the activities of many people in the Soviet space-exploration program. The plant which later became known as the RKK Energia, when the Vostok space vehicle was being developed this research center designated as NII-88 or POB 989. and Mission Control Center are also located in Korolyov.

In July 1996, the city was renamed in commemoration of Sergei Korolev, the father of the Soviet/Russian space program, who died in 1966. Since 1997, Korolyov has hosted the International Space Olympics, an annual competition for young people, to promote space related research.

History

The Mission control center "ЦУП" ("TsUP") of the Russian Federal Space Agency (April 2004)
Korolyova Avenue is one of the central streets of the city
Springtime evening panoram to central part of the city.

In the 12th century, a Slavic settlement was located on the site of modern Korolyov. The settlement stood on a junction of trade routes between the Moscow and Vladimir-Suzdal principalities. After the Mongol conquests in the 13th century, the region was in decline. In the 18th century, one of the first textile factories in Russia was established here.

In 1924, the first OGPU working commune in the Soviet Union was established here. In 1938, the locality in place of the Kalininsky settlement near an artillery plant, which had previously been evacuated from Leningrad, was granted town status and named Kaliningrad.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Korolyov Urban Okrug.[2]

In June 2014, Yubileyny, Moscow Oblast Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction was merged into Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[8] and, on the municipal side, Yubileyny Urban Okrug was merged into Korolyov Urban Okrug.[2] The town of Yubileyny ceased to exist as an independent entity.[8]

Demographics

As of the 2010 Census, Korolyov was the fourth-largest city in Moscow Oblast, with a population of 183,402[4]—up from 142,568 recorded in the 2002 Census.[9] In the 1989 Census, the population was 189,513.[10] The surge in population in recent years is mostly because of an influx of new inhabitants considering it one of the most attractive places to live near Moscow.

Economy

The main enterprise of the city is the RKK Energia, but there are several kinds of industry in the city. This naukograd (science city) is the place in which was built the first Youth Residential Complex in the Soviet Union. Another notable company located in the city is OAO Kompozit, which is engaged in the field of materials science.

Sports

The bandy club Vympel[11] plays in the Russian Bandy Supreme League, which is the second-highest division.[12] Their home arena has a capacity of 10 000 and is now awaiting artificial ice. In 2014 a bandy federation for the city was founded.[13]

Notable people

The area was a place of elite dachas at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Many famous people, such as Konstantin Stanislavsky, Anton Chekhov, Valery Bryusov, Boris Pasternak, Anna Akhmatova, Isaac Levitan, Pavel Tretyakov, Marina Tsvetaeva, and Vladimir Lenin, lived here.

Twin towns and sister cities

Korolyov is twinned with:

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Law #11/2013-OZ
  2. 1 2 3 4 Law #53/2014-OZ
  3. 1 2 Главой города избран А. Н. Ходырев (in Russian). City of Korolyov. Retrieved September 24, 2014.
  4. 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  5. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  6. 1 2 Encyclopedia Britannica. Entry on Korolyov
  7. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
  8. 1 2 Law #54/2014-OZ. Additionally, the town of Yubileyny was struck from the Inventory Data of the Administrative-Territorial and Territorial Units of Moscow Oblast in August 2014.
  9. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  11. ↑ Official home page
  12. ↑ "КАЛЕНДАРЬ —игр Первенства России по хоккею с мячом среди команд первой лиги — на сезон 2008/09 г.г." (in Russian language).
  13. ↑ The homepage of the town bandy federation (Федерация хоккея с мячом г.Королёв)

Sources

Further reading

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