List of shipwrecks of Oceania
This is a list of shipwrecks located in the region of Oceania.
Australia
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk
During World War II, Chuuk Lagoon (then known as Truk) was the logistical hub of Japan's operations in the South Pacific theatre. In February 1944, in preparation for the forthcoming Battle of Eniwetok, the United States Navy launched an attack on the atoll. Over the course of two days, a series of airstrikes devastated the Japanese fleet, in an offensive codenamed Operation Hailstone. A total of 50 ships were sunk, although many key Japanese warships had been relocated the week before, and thus escaped destruction.
Ship | Sunk date | Notes | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
Aikoku Maru | 17 February 1944 | An armed merchantman that was sunk during Operation Hailstone. The remains of 400 men were recovered from the wreck and cremated in 1984. | 07°22′N 151°56′E / 7.367°N 151.933°E |
Fujikawa Maru | 17 February 1944 | An armed aircraft transport that was sunk during Operation Hailstone | |
Fumizuki | 18 February 1944 | A Japanese Mutsuki-class destroyer that was sunk during Operation Hailstone. | 07°24′N 151°44′E / 7.400°N 151.733°E |
Heian Maru | 17 February 1944 | A Japanese submarine tender that was sunk during Operation Hailstone. | |
Sankisan Maru | A Japanese freighter that was sunk during Operation Hailstone. | ||
Shinkoko Maru | A Japanese oil tanker that was sunk during Operation Hailstone. | ||
I-169 | 4 April 1944 | A Japanese Kaidai-class submarine that participated in the attack on Pearl Harbor, and sank northwest of Dublon, when it flooded while diving to avoid an air-raid. | |
Tachikaze | 18 February 1944 | A Japanese Minekaze-class destroyer that ran aground at Kuop Atoll on 4 February 1944, and remained stranded until it was sunk in Operation Hailstone. | 07°03′N 151°56′E / 7.050°N 151.933°E |
Umikaze | 1 February 1944 | A Japanese Shiratsuyu-class destroyer that was torpedoed by USS Guardfish south of Chuuk. | 07°10′N 151°43′E / 7.167°N 151.717°E |
Palau
Ship | Sunk date | Notes | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
Amatsu Maru | 31 March 1944 | A Japanese tanker that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. | |
Bichu Maru | 30 March 1944 | A Japanese freighter that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. | |
Chuyo Maru | 31 March 1944 | A Japanese freighter (army cargo vessel) that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. | |
Gozan Maru | 30 March 1944 | A Japanese troopship that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. | |
Irō | 31 March 1944 | A Japanese Notoro-class oil tanker that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. She was the sister ship of Sata. | |
Kamikaze Maru | 31 March 1944 | A Japanese troopship that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. | |
Kibi Maru | 31 March 1944 | A Japanese freighter (army cargo vessel) that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. | |
Nagisan Maru | 31 March 1944 | A Japanese freighter (army cargo vessel) that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. | |
USS Perry | 13 September 1944 | A Clemson-class destroyer that was sunk by a mine off Anguar. | 6°53′N 134°10′E / 6.883°N 134.167°E |
Raizan Maru | 31 March 1944 | A Japanese freighter (army cargo vessel) that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. | |
Ryuko Maru | 31 March 1944 | A Japanese freighter (army cargo vessel) that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. | |
Samidare | 25 August 1944 | A Japanese Shiratsuyu-class destroyer that was torpedoed by USS Batfish after running aground on Velasco Reef. | 8°10′N 134°38′E / 8.167°N 134.633°E |
Sata | 31 March 1944 | A Japanese Notoro-class oil tanker that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. She was a sister ship of the Irō. | |
Teshio Maru | 31 March 1944 | A Japanese freighter (army cargo vessel) that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. | |
Urakami Maru | 31 March 1944 | A Japanese repair ship that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. | |
Wakatake | 30 March 1944 | A Japanese Wakatake-class destroyer that was sunk during Operation Desecrate One. | 7°50′N 134°20′E / 7.833°N 134.333°E |
Yap
Ship | Sunk date | Notes | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
SMS Planet | 7 October 1914 | A survey ship that was scuttled to prevent capture. |
Indonesia
Ship | Sunk date | Notes | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
MV Senopati Nusantara | 30 December 2006 | A passenger ferry that sank off Mandalika Island. | |
Levina 1 | 25 February 2007 | A passenger ferry that sank several hours from Jakarta. |
Kiribati
Ship | Sunk date | Notes | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
SS Norwich City | 29 November 1929 | A British freighter that ran aground at Nikumaroro. | 4°39′39″S 174°32′40″W / 4.66083°S 174.54444°W |
Canton | A whaling ship that ran aground at Kanton Island. | ||
Golden Sunset | 1866 | A British barque that ran aground at Enderbury Island.[1] |
Marshall Islands
Ship | Sunk date | Notes | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
USS Anderson | 1 July 1946 | A Sims-class destroyer that was sunk at Bikini Atoll in an atomic bomb test. | |
USS Apogon | 25 July 1946 | A Balao-class submarine that was sunk at Bikini Atoll in an atomic bomb test. | |
USS Arkansas | 25 July 1946 | A Wyoming-class battleship that was sunk at Bikini Atoll in an atomic bomb test. | |
USS Barrow | 11 May 1948 | A Gilliam-class attack transport that sustained heavy damage in atomic bomb tests and was scuttled off Kwajalein. | |
USS Carlisle | 1 July 1946 | A Gilliam-class attack transport that was sunk at Bikini Atoll in an atomic bomb test. | |
USS Gilliam | 1 July 1946 | A Gilliam-class attack transport that was sunk at Bikini Atoll in an atomic bomb test. | |
SS Kembu Maru | 4 December 1943 | A Japanese freighter that was sunk by US aircraft at Kwajalein Atoll. | 09°19′N 167°25′E / 9.317°N 167.417°E |
USS Lamson | 2 July 1946 | A Mahan-class destroyer that was sunk at Bikini Atoll in an atomic bomb test. | |
USS LST-545 | 12 May 1948 | An LST-542-class tank landing ship that was sunk at Enewetak Atoll in an atomic bomb test. | |
USS LST-661 | 25 July 1948 | An LST-542-class tank landing ship that was sunk at Enewetak Atoll in an atomic bomb test. | |
Nagato | 30 July 1946 | A Japanese Nagato-class battleship that sustained heavy damage in an atomic bomb test at Bikini Atoll, and capsized and sank five days later. | |
USS Pennsylvania | 10 February 1948 | A Pennsylvania-class super-dreadnought battleship, that was sunk off Kwajalein after atomic bomb tests. | |
USS Pilotfish | 25 July 1946 | A Balao-class submarine that sunk at Bikini Atoll in an atomic bomb test. | 30°26′N 140°53′E / 30.433°N 140.883°E |
Prinz Eugen | 22 December 1946 | A German Admiral Hipper-class heavy cruiser that was damaged at Bikini Atoll by atomic bomb tests, and later towed to Kwajalein where it capsized and sunk. | 8°45′9.85″N 167°40′59.16″E / 8.7527361°N 167.6831000°E |
Sakawa | 2 July 1946 | A Japanese Agano-class cruiser that sustained heavy damage in an atomic bomb test at Bikini Atoll, and sank the following day. | 11°35′N 165°23′E / 11.583°N 165.383°E |
USS Saratoga | 25 July 1946 | A Lexington-class aircraft carrier that was sunk at Bikini Atoll in an atomic bomb test. | 11°34′53.33″N 165°29′54.78″E / 11.5814806°N 165.4985500°E |
Toreshima Maru | December 1943 | A Japanese supply ship sunk at Maloelap Atoll off Taroa Island by US Navy. |
New Zealand
Ship | Sunk date | Notes | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
Anjou | 5 February 1905 | A barque that struck rocks off the Auckland Islands. | 50°46′37″S 165°53′15″E / 50.777075°S 165.887516°E |
TSS Arahura | 24 January 1952 | A passenger and cargo steamer that was sunk for target practice in Cook Strait. | |
Boyd (1783 ship) | October 1809 | A brigantine that was attacked by Maori warriors at Whangaroa. The ship was destroyed by fire during the resulting Boyd massacre. | |
HMS Buffalo | 28 July 1840 | A storeship that was wrecked in a storm in Mercury Bay, with two lives lost. | 36°49′36.20″S 175°42′20.00″E / 36.8267222°S 175.7055556°E |
HMNZS Canterbury | 3 November 2007 | A Leander-class frigate that was scuttled as a dive wreck in the Bay of Islands. | 35°11′38″S 174°17′40″E / 35.1938°S 174.2944°E |
Derry Castle | 20 March 1887 | A barque that ran aground on Enderby Island. | 50°29′04″S 166°18′10″E / 50.484323°S 166.302761°E |
Dundonald | 7 March 1907 | A barque that was wrecked in a storm off Disappointment Island, where the survivors remained for seven months until rescued. | 50°36′29″S 165°57′17″E / 50.607938°S 165.954817°E |
SS Elingamite | 5 November 1902 | A steamship that struck West Island (one of the Three Kings Islands) and sank within 20 minutes. | 34°11′10″S 172°01′54″E / 34.186047°S 172.031590°E |
Endeavour II | 22 February 1971 | A three-masted auxiliary barque driven onto the bar of Parengarenga Harbour, a few miles south of North Cape. There were no fatalities amongst the crew of thirteen men and one woman.[2] | 34°31′18″S 173°00′37″E / 34.521762°S 173.010206°E |
General Grant | 14 May 1866 | A barque that drifted into a cave on the western shore of the Auckland Islands and sank. | |
MV Holmglen II | 24 November 1959 | A coastal trading vessel that was lost off Timaru. | 44°31′20″S 171°41′22″E / 44.5223°S 171.6894°E |
Hydrabad | 24 June 1878 | A cargo and passenger sailing ship that was beached on North Island in a storm. | |
MV Kaitawa | 24 May 1966 | A collier that capsized near Cape Reinga. | |
MS Mikhail Lermontov | 16 February 1986 | A Soviet passenger liner that ran aground in the Marlborough Sounds. | 41°02′32″S 174°13′10″E / 41.042087°S 174.219496°E |
RMS Niagara | 19 June 1940 | An ocean liner that struck a mine and sank off Bream Head while carrying a secret consignment of gold from the Bank of England. | 35°51′50″S 174°56′38″E / 35.86389°S 174.94389°E |
HMS Orpheus | 7 February 1863 | A Jason-class corvette that ran aground on the Manukau Heads, with 189 lives lost. | 37°04.1′S 174°28.3′E / 37.0683°S 174.4717°E |
SS Penguin | 12 February 1909 | A ferry that foundered off Cape Terawhiti. | |
SS Port Kembla | 18 September 1917 | A cargo ship that was sunk by a mine off Farewell Spit. | |
HMNZS Puriri | 14 May 1941 | A coastal cargo boat that was converted into a minesweeper, and hit a mine off Bream Head 25 days after being commissioned. | 35°46′15″S 174°43′00″E / 35.77083°S 174.71667°E |
Queen Bee | 7 August 1877 | A barque that ran aground on Farewell Spit.[3] | 40°30′00″S 172°52′00″E / 40.50000°S 172.86667°E |
Rainbow Warrior | 2 December 1987 | A fishing trawler that was purchased by Greenpeace in 1978 for use as a fundraising and protest ship. She was sabotaged and sunk by the French secret service at Auckland on 10 July 1985, and although later refloated, was found to be beyond repair and finally scuttled in Matauri Bay. | 34°58′29″S 173°56′06″E / 34.9748°S 173.9349°E |
MV Rena | 5 October 2011 | A container ship that ran aground on Astrolabe Reef, resulting in New Zealand's worst oil spill. The wreck broke apart and sank in January 2012. | 37°32′25″S 176°25′45″E / 37.54028°S 176.42917°E |
HMS Sandfly | 1868 | A passenger paddle steamer used as a gunboat during the New Zealand land wars. In 1865 she reverted to civilian use and became the Tasmanian Maid, before being wrecked off New Plymouth. | |
Sydney Packet | 17 July 1837 | A schooner that was wrecked in a storm off Moeraki, Otago. | |
SS Tararua | 29 April 1881 | A passenger steamer that struck a reef off Waipapa Point and sank the next day, claiming over 100 victims. | 46°40′07″S 168°51′44″E / 46.6686°S 168.8622°E |
HMS Torch | 17 November 1924 | An Alert-class sloop that ran aground in the Chatham Islands. | |
HMNZS Tui | February 1999 | An oceanographic survey and research ship that was scuttled as a dive wreck. | 35°35′00″S 174°32′22″E / 35.5832°S 174.5394°E |
SS Victory | 3 July 1861 | A steamship that ran aground off Otago Peninsula. | 45°50′33″S 170°43′56″E / 45.8425°S 170.7321°E |
Wahine | 10 April 1968 | A passenger ferry that ran aground and capsized, with 51 lives lost. | |
HMNZS Waikato | 18 December 2000 | A Leander-class frigate that was scuttled off Tutukata as an artificial reef. | 35°39′10″S 174°32′40″E / 35.6528°S 174.5445°E |
SS Wairarapa | 25 October 1894 | A luxury steamer that hit a reef off Great Barrier Island. | 36°04′03″S 175°21′07″E / 36.0674°S 175.3519°E |
HMNZS Wellington | 13 November 2005 | A Leander-class frigate that was scuttled off the coast of Wellington. | 41°21.18′S 174°46.80′E / 41.35300°S 174.78000°E |
Papua New Guinea
Ship | Sunk date | Notes | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
USS Brownson | 26 December 1943 | A Fletcher-class destroyer that was sunk by a Japanese dive bomber off Cape Gloucester, New Britain. | 5°20′S 148°25′E / 5.333°S 148.417°E |
HMAS Geelong | 18 October 1944 | A Bathurst-class corvette that collided with the American tanker York north of Langemak Bay. | 6°4′S 147°45′E / 6.067°S 147.750°E |
Hakaze | 23 January 1943 | A Japanese Minekaze-class destroyer that was torpedoed by USS Guardfish south of Kavieng, New Ireland. | 02°47′S 150°38′E / 2.783°S 150.633°E |
SS Kyokusei Maru | 2 March 1943 | A Japanese troopship that was sunk by Allied aircraft in the Battle of the Bismarck Sea. | 06°46′S 147°10′E / 6.767°S 147.167°E |
MV Macdhui | 18 June 1942 | A passenger and cargo ship that was sunk by Japanese aircraft in Port Moresby. | |
Mikazuki | 28 July 1943 | A Japanese Mutsuki-class destroyer that ran aground on a reef off the west coast of New Island. | 5°27′S 148°25′E / 5.450°S 148.417°E |
USS Mount Hood | 10 November 1944 | A Mount Hood-class ammunition ship that exploded in Seeadler Harbor, killing over 300 people and destroying twenty-two smaller boats and landing craft. | 2°01′42″S 147°21′18″E / 2.02833°S 147.355°E |
SS Pruth | 31 December 1923 | A steamship that was wrecked on Natara Reef, off Port Moresby. | |
Ro-33 | 29 August 1942 | A Japanese Ro-33-class submarine that was sunk by HMAS Arunta off Port Moresby. | 09°36′S 147°06′E / 9.600°S 147.100°E |
USS S-39 | 13 August 1942 | An S-class submarine that ran aground off Rossel Island. | 11°21′02.74″S 154°08′56.51″E / 11.3507611°S 154.1490306°E |
Tenryū | 19 December 1942 | A Japanese Tenryū-class cruiser that was torpedoed by USS Albacore off Madang. | 05°12′S 145°56′E / 5.200°S 145.933°E |
W-26 | 17 February 1944 | A Japanese W-19-class minesweeper that was bombed by American aircraft at Karavia Bay, New Britain. | |
Yūgiri | 26 November 1943 | A Japanese Fubuki-class destroyer that was sunk in the Battle of Cape St. George. | 04°44′S 154°0′E / 4.733°S 154.000°E |
Polynesia
Samoa
Ship | Sunk date | Notes | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
SMS Adler | 16 March 1889 | A gunboat that was wrecked in the 1889 Apia cyclone. | 13°49′36″S 171°45′53″W / 13.8266°S 171.7647°W |
SMS Eber | 16 March 1889 | A warship that was wrecked in the 1889 Apia cyclone. | 13°49′53″S 171°45′07″W / 13.83139°S 171.75194°W |
USS Trenton | 16 March 1889 | A warship that was wrecked in the 1889 Apia cyclone. |
Pitcairn Islands
Ship | Sunk date | Notes | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
Wild Wave | 5 March 1858 | A 1500-ton clipper ship that was wrecked on Oeno Island. | |
Cornwallis | 23 January 1875 | A ship that was wrecked on Pitcairn Island. | |
Khandeish | 25 September 1875 | A ship that was wrecked on Oeno Island. | |
Acadia | 5 June 1881 | A mail ship that was wrecked on Ducie Island. | |
Oregon | 23 August 1883 | A ship that was wrecked on Oeno Island. | |
Bowdon | April 1893 | A ship that was wrecked on Oeno Island. |
Tahiti
Ship | Sunk date | Notes | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
Lady of St Kilda | A schooner that was wrecked sometime shortly after 1843. |
Solomon Islands
Ironbottom Sound
Ironbottom Sound is the name given to the stretch of water between Guadalcanal and Florida Island, because of the dozens of ships and planes that sank there during the Guadalcanal Campaign in 1942-43.
Ship | Sunk date | Notes | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
USS Aaron Ward | 7 April 1943 | A Gleaves-class destroyer that was sunk by Japanese aircraft during Operation I-Go. | 9°10′30″S 160°12′0″E / 9.17500°S 160.20000°E |
Akatsuki | 13 November 1942 | A Japanese Akatsuki-class destroyer that was sunk in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. | 09°17′S 159°56′E / 9.283°S 159.933°E |
USS Astoria | 9 August 1942 | A New Orleans-class heavy cruiser that was sunk in the Battle of Savo Island. | 9°12′33″S 159°52′3″E / 9.20917°S 159.86750°E |
USS Atlanta | 13 November 1942 | An Atlanta-class anti-aircraft cruiser that was sunk in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. | 9°23′24″S 159°58′44″E / 9.390°S 159.979°E |
Ayanami | 15 November 1942 | A Japanese Fubuki-class destroyer that was sunk by gunfire from USS Washington. | 9°10′S 159°52′E / 9.167°S 159.867°E |
USS Barton | 13 November 1942 | A Benson-class destroyer that was struck by torpedoes from the Japanese destroyer Amatsukaze. | |
HMAS Canberra | 9 August 1942 | A Kent-class cruiser that was scuttled after taking damage in the Battle of Savo Island. | 9°12′29″S 159°54′46″E / 9.20806°S 159.91278°E |
USS Colhoun | 30 August 1942 | A Wickes-class destroyer that was sunk by Japanese aircraft. | 09°24′S 160°01′E / 9.400°S 160.017°E |
USS Cushing | 13 November 1942 | A Mahan-class destroyer that was sunk in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. | |
USS De Haven | 1 February 1943 | A Fletcher-class destroyer that was sunk by Japanese bombers during Operation Ke. | 9°9′S 159°52′E / 9.150°S 159.867°E |
USS Duncan | 12 October 1942 | A Gleaves-class destroyer that was sunk after taking damage in the Battle of Cape Esperance. | |
Fubuki | 11 October 1942 | A Japanese Fubuki-class destroyer that was sunk in the Battle of Cape Esperance. | 09°06′S 159°38′E / 9.100°S 159.633°E |
Furutaka | 12 October 1942 | A Japanese Furutaka-class cruiser that was sunk in the Battle of Cape Esperance. | 09°02′S 159°33′E / 9.033°S 159.550°E |
USS George F. Elliott | 8 August 1942 | A Heywood-class attack transport that was sunk by Mitsubishi G4M bombers. | 9°20′45″S 160°8′14″E / 9.34583°S 160.13722°E |
USS Gregory | 5 September 1942 | A Wickes-class destroyer that was sunk by Japanese destroyers Yudachi, Hatsuyuki, and Murakumo. | |
Hiei | 14 November 1942 | A Japanese Kongō-class battleship that was scuttled after taking damage in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. | 9°00′00″S 158°59′59″E / 9.00000°S 158.99972°E |
Hirokawa Maru | A Japanese military transport. | ||
USS Jarvis | 9 August 1942 | A Gridley-class destroyer that was sunk by Japanese aircraft. | 9°42′S 158°59′E / 9.700°S 158.983°E |
USS John Penn | 13 August 1943 | An attack transport that was sunk by Japanese aircraft off Lunga Point. | |
Kasi Maru | A Japanese freighter. | ||
USS Kanawha | 8 April 1943 | A Kanawha-class fleet replenishment oiler that was sunk by enemy Vals. | |
Kinugawa Maru | A Japanese military transport. | ||
Kirishima | 15 November 1942 | A Japanese Kongō-class battleship that was sunk by USS Washington. | 9°05′S 159°42′E / 9.083°S 159.700°E |
USS Laffey | 13 November 1942 | A Benson-class destroyer that was sunk in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. | |
USS Little | 5 September 1942 | A Wickes-class destroyer that was sunk by Japanese destroyers Yudachi, Hatsuyuki, and Murakumo. | |
Makigumo | 1 February 1942 | A Japanese Yūgumo-class destroyer that was scuttled after striking a mine. | 09°15′S 159°47′E / 9.250°S 159.783°E |
HMNZS Moa | 7 April 1943 | A Bird-class minesweeper that was sunk by Japanese aircraft. | |
USS Monssen | 13 November 1942 | A Gleaves-class destroyer that was sunk in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. | |
USS Northampton | 30 November 1942 | A Northampton-class heavy cruiser that was sunk in the Battle of Tassafaronga. | 09°12′S 159°50′E / 9.200°S 159.833°E |
USS Preston | 14 November 1942 | A Mahan-class destroyer that was sunk in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. | |
PT-37 | An American PT boat. | ||
PT-44 | An American PT boat. | ||
PT-111 | An American PT boat. | ||
PT-112 | An American PT boat. | ||
PT-123 | An American PT boat. | ||
USS Quincy | 9 August 1942 | A New Orleans-class cruiser that was sunk in the Battle of Savo Island. | 9°4′32″S 159°58′30″E / 9.07556°S 159.97500°E |
USS Seminole | 25 October 1942 | A Navajo-class oceangoing tug that was sunk off Tulagi by Japanese destroyers. | 9°23′0″S 160°13′14″E / 9.38333°S 160.22056°E |
USS Serpens | 29 January 1945 | A Coast Guard-manned Liberty ship that exploded while anchored off Lunga Beach. | |
Takanami | 30 November 1942 | A Japanese Yūgumo-class destroyer that was sunk in the Battle of Tassafaronga. | 9°14′S 159°49′E / 9.23°S 159.82°E |
Teruzuki | 12 December 1942 | A Japanese Akizuki-class destroyer that was torpedoed by PT-37 and PT-40. | 9°13′S 159°46′E / 9.217°S 159.767°E |
Toa Maru | A Japanese military transport. | ||
USS Vincennes | 9 August 1942 | A New Orleans-class cruiser that was sunk in the Battle of Savo Island. | 9°7′17″S 159°52′48″E / 9.12139°S 159.88000°E |
USS Walke | 15 November 1942 | A Sims-class destroyer that was sunk in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. | |
World Discoverer | 30 April 2000 | A cruise ship that struck a reef in the Sandfly Passage and ran aground in Roderick Bay. | 9°01′23.17″S 160°07′22.91″E / 9.0231028°S 160.1230306°E |
YP-284 | An American yard patrol craft. | ||
Yudachi | 13 November 1942 | A Japanese Shiratsuyu-class destroyer that was sunk in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. | 09°14′S 159°52′E / 9.233°S 159.867°E |
References
- ↑ "Enderbury Island, Phoenix Group, Republic of Kiribati". Janeresture.com. 28 September 2008. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
- ↑ Taylor, Roger (2008-02-01). Voyages of a Simple Sailor. Waltham Cross: The FitzRoy Press. ISBN 0955803500.
- ↑ 'Wreck of the Queen Bee, from London', pg 2, Nelson Evening Mail, 8 August 1877
External links
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