mir-219 microRNA precursor family
In molecular biology, the microRNA miR-219 was predicted in vertebrates by conservation between human, mouse and pufferfish and cloned in pufferfish.[1] It was later predicted and confirmed experimentally in Drosophila.[2] Homologs of miR-219 have since been predicted or experimentally confirmed in a wide range of species, including the platyhelminth Schmidtea mediterranea, several arthropod species and a wide range of vertebrates (MIPF0000044). The hairpin precursors (represented here) are predicted based on base pairing and cross-species conservation; their extents are not known. In this case, the mature sequence is excised from the 5' arm of the hairpin.
miR-219 has also been linked with NMDA receptor signalling in humans by targeting CaMKIIγ(an kind of protein kinase dependent to calcium and calmodulin) expression. And it has been suggested that deregulation of this miRNA can lead to the expression of mental disorders such as schizophrenia.[3] miR-219 can also regulate Recent findings show that miR-219 is linked with Tau toxicity, suggesting that miR-219 is involved in neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease etc.[4]
References
- ↑ Lim, LP; Glasner ME; Yekta S; Burge CB; Bartel DP (2003). "Vertebrate microRNA genes". Science 299 (5612): 1540–. doi:10.1126/science.1080372. PMID 12624257.
- ↑ Lai, EC; Tomancak P; Williams RW; Rubin GM (2003). "Computational identification of Drosophila microRNA genes". Genome Biol 4 (7): R42–. doi:10.1186/gb-2003-4-7-r42. PMC 193629. PMID 12844358.
- ↑ Kocerha, J; Faghihi, MA; Lopez-Toledano, MA; Huang, J; Ramsey, AJ; Caron, MG; Sales, N; Willoughby, D; Elmen, J; Hansen, HF; Orum, H; Kauppinen, S; Kenny, PJ; Wahlestedt, C (Mar 3, 2009). "MicroRNA-219 modulates NMDA receptor-mediated neurobehavioral dysfunction.". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106 (9): 3507–12. doi:10.1073/pnas.0805854106. PMC 2651305. PMID 19196972.
- ↑ Santa-Maria, Ismael (2015-2). "Dysregulation of microRNA-219 promotes neurodegeneration through post-transcriptional regulation of tau". Journal of Clinical Investigation. doi:10.1172/JCI78421. PMID 25574843.
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