Monte Carlo Rally
The Monte Carlo Rally or Rallye Monte Carlo (officially Rallye Automobile Monte Carlo) is a rallying event organised each year by the Automobile Club de Monaco which also organises the Formula One Monaco Grand Prix and the Rallye Monte-Carlo Historique. The rally now takes place along the French Riviera in the Principality of Monaco and southeast France. Previously, competitors would set off from all four corners of Europe and ‘rally’, in other words, meet, in Monaco to celebrate the end of a unique event. From its inception in 1911 by Prince Albert I it was an important means of demonstrating improvements and innovations to automobiles.
History
1911 beginnings and controversy
In 1909 the Automobile Club de Monaco (Sport Automobile Velocipedique Monegasque) started planning a car rally at the behest of Albert I, Prince of Monaco. The Monte Carlo Rally was to start at points all over Europe and converge on Monte Carlo. In January 1911 23 cars set out from 11 different locations and Henri Rougier was among the nine who left Paris to cover a 1,020 kilometres (634 mi) route. The event was won by Rougier in a Turcat-Méry 25 Hp. The rally comprised both driving and then somewhat arbitrary judging based on the elegance of the car, passenger comfort and the condition in which it arrived in the principality. The outcry of scandal when the results were published changed nothing, so Rougier was proclaimed the first winner.[1][2]
1966 controversy
The 1966 event was the most controversial in the history of the Rally. The first four finishers, driving three Mini-Coopers, Timo Mäkinen, Rauno Aaltonen and Paddy Hopkirk, and Roger Clark's 4th-placed Ford Cortina were all disqualified because they used non-dipping single filament quartz iodine bulbs in their headlamps, in place of the standard double filament dipping glass bulbs, which are fitted to the series production version of each models sold to the public.[3] This elevated Pauli Toivonen (Citroën ID) into first place overall. Rosemary Smith (Hillman Imp) was also disqualified from sixth place, after winning the Coupe des Dames, the ladies' class. In all, ten cars were disqualified.[4] Teams threatened to boycott the event.[5] The headline in Motor Sport: "The Monte Carlo Fiasco."[6]
Recent history
From 1973 to 2008 the rally was held in January as the first event of the FIA World Rally Championship, but since 2009 it has been the opening round of the Intercontinental Rally Challenge (IRC) programme, before returning to the WRC championship season again in 2012. As recently as 1991, competitors were able to choose their starting points from approximately five venues roughly equidistant from Monte Carlo (one of Monaco's administrative areas) itself.
With often varying conditions at each starting point (typically comprising dry tarmac, wet tarmac, snow, and ice, sometimes all in a single stage of the rally), this event places a big emphasis on tyre choices, as a driver has to balance the need for grip on ice and snow with the need for grip on dry tarmac. For the driver, this is often a difficult choice as the tyres that work well on snow and ice normally perform badly on dry tarmac.
The Automobile Club de Monaco confirmed on 19 July 2010 that the 79th Monte-Carlo Rally would form the opening round of the new Intercontinental Rally Challenge season.[7] To mark the centenary event, the Automobile Club de Monaco has also confirmed that Glasgow, Barcelona, Warsaw and Marrakesh have been selected as start points for the rally.
Col de Turini
This rally features one of the most famous special stages in the world. The stage is run from La Bollène-Vésubie to Sospel, or the other way around, over a steep and tight mountain road with many hairpin turns. On this 31km route it passes over the Col de Turini, a mountain pass road which normally has ice and/or snow on sections of it at that time of the year. Spectators also throw snow on the road—in 2005, Marcus Grönholm and Petter Solberg both ripped a wheel off their cars when they skidded on snow probably placed there by spectators, and crashed into a wall. Grönholm went on to finish fifth, but Solberg was forced to retire as the damage to his car was extensive. In the same event, Sébastien Loeb set one of the fastest times in the modern era, with 21 minutes 40 seconds.
Sospel has an elevation of 479m, and the D70 has a maximum elevation of 1603m, for an average gradient of 6.7%. The Turini is also driven at night, with thousands of fans watching the "Night of Turini", also known as the "Night of the Long Knives" due to the strong high beam lights cutting through the night.[8][9] In the 2007 edition of the rally, the Turini was not used, but it returned for the 2008 route.[10] For both the 2009 and 2010 event the stage was run at night and shown live on Eurosport.
Past winners
(list by driver / co-driver and vehicle type)
1911–1972
| Year | Winner | Second | Third |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1911 | Henri Rougier (Turcat-Mery) | Aspaigu (Gobron) | Jules Beutler (Martini) |
| 1912 | Jules Beutler (Berliet) | Von Eismark (Dunkop) | Meuiner (Delaunay-Belleville) |
| 1913-23 | |||
| 1924 | Jacques Edouard Ledure (Bignan) | de Marquet (Métallurgique) | Barbillon (Bignan) |
| 1925 | François Repusseau (Renault) | Mertens (Lancia Lambda) | Lamarche (FN) |
| 1926 | Victor A. Bruce/W J Brunell (Autocarrier) | Bussienne (Sizaire Frères) | Marika (Citroën) |
| 1927 | Lefebvre/Despaux (Amilcar CGSS) | Clausse (Celtic-Bignani) | Bussienne (Sizaire-Frères) |
| 1928 | Jacques Bignan (Fiat) | Malaret (Fiat) | Versigny (Talbot) |
| 1929 | Sprenger van Eijk (Graham-Paige) | Szmick (Weiss-Manfred) | Visser (Lancia) |
| 1930 | Hector Petit (Licorne) | Al Berlesco (DeSoto) | A. Blin D'Orimont (Studebaker) |
| 1931 | Donald Healey / Lewis Pearce (Invicta) | J-P Wimille (Lorraine) | Lucy Schell (Bugatti) |
| 1932 | M Vaselle/Duhamel (Hotchkiss) G de Lavelette/C de Cortanze (Peugeot) | Donald Healey (Invicta) | B Ivanovsky (Ford) |
| 1933 | M Vasselle (Hotchkiss) | R Guyot (Renault) | Rouault/Quinlin (Salmson) |
| 1934 | Gas / Jean Trevoux (Hotchkiss) | Chauvierre (Chenard-Walcker) | Donald Healey (Triumph Gloria) |
| 1935 | Christian Lahaye / R. Quatresous (Renault) | J C Ridley (Triumph Gloria) | Lucie Schell (Delahaye) |
| 1936 | Petre G. Cristea/ Ionel Zamfirescu (Ford) | Lucie Schell (Delahaye) | C Lahaye / R Quatresous (Renault) |
| 1937 | René Le Bègue / Julio Quinlin (Delahaye) | P de Massa / L Mahe (Talbot) | 3 I. Zamfirescu / Trevoux (Hotchkiss) |
| 1938 | G. Bakker Schut / K. Ton (Ford) | Jean Trevoux / Marcel Lesurque (Hotchkiss) | C Lahaye / R Quatresous (Renault) |
| 1939 | Jean Trevoux/Marcel Lesurque (Hotchkiss) J Paul/M Contet (Delahaye) |
No second place, joint first place | E Mutsaerts / A. Kouwenberg (Ford) |
| 1940-48 | |||
| 1949 | Jean Trevoux / Marcel Lesurque (Hotchkiss Grégoire) | M Worms / E Mouche (Hotchkiss) | F Dobry / Z Treybal (Bristol) |
| 1950 | Marcel Becquart / H. Secret (Hotchkiss Grégoire) | Maurice Gatsonides / K S Barendregt (Humber Super Snipe) |
Julio Quinlin /Jean Behra (Simca 8) |
| 1951 | Jean Trevoux / Roger Crovetto (Delahaye 175) | Comte de Monte Real / M J Palma (Ford) | C Vard / A Young (Jaguar Mk V) |
| 1952 | Sydney Allard / Guy Warburton (Allard P1) | Stirling Moss / D Scannell / John Cooper (Sunbeam-Talbot 90) |
Dr Angelvin / Miss Angelvin (Simca Sport) |
| 1953 | Maurice Gatsonides / Peter Worledge (Ford Zephyr) | Ian Appleyard / Pat Appleyard (Jaguar Mark VII) | R Marion / J Charmasson (Citroën Six) |
| 1954 | Louis Chiron / Ciro Basadonna (Lancia Aurelia GT) | P David / P Barbier (Peugeot 203) | A Blanchard / A Lecoq (Panhard 750) |
| 1955 | Per Malling / Gunnar Fadum (Sunbeam-Talbot 90) | G Gillard / R Duget (Panhard 850) | H Gerdum / J Kuhling (Mercedes-Benz 220) |
| 1956 | Ronnie Adams / Frank Biggar / D Johnston (Jaguar Mark VII) | Walter Schock / K Raebe (Mercedes-Benz 220) | M Grosgogeat / P Biaginin (DKW) |
| 1957 | | ||
| 1958 | Guy Monraisse / Jacques Feret (Renault Dauphine) | A Gacon / L Borsa (Alfa Romeo Giulietta) | L Vold-Johansen / F Koperud (DKW) |
| 1959 | Paul Coltelloni / Pierre Alexandre / Claude Desrosiers (Citroën ID 19) | A Thomas / J Delliere (Simca Aronde) | P Surles / J Piniers (Panhard 850) |
| 1960 | Walter Schock / Rolf Moll (Mercedes-Benz 220SE) | Eugen Böhringer / H Socher (Mercedes-Benz 220SE) | Ott / Mahle (Mercedes-Benz 220SE) |
| 1961 | Maurice Martin / Roger Bateau (Panhard PL 17) | W Löffler / Hans Joachim Walter (Panhard PL 17) | G Jouanneaux / A Coquillet (Panhard PL 17) |
| 1962 | Erik Carlsson / Gunnar Häggbom (Saab 96 #303) | Eugen Böhringer / P Lang (Mercedes-Benz 220SE) | Paddy Hopkirk / J Scott (Sunbeam Rapier) |
| 1963 | Erik Carlsson / Gunnar Palm (Saab 96 #283) | P Toivonen / A Jarvi (Citroën ID19) | R Aaltonen / A Ambrose (Mini Cooper) |
| 1964 | Paddy Hopkirk / Henry Liddon (Morris Mini Cooper S) [11] | B Ljungfeldt / F Sager (Ford Falcon) | Erik Carlsson / G Palm (Saab 96) |
| 1965 | Timo Mäkinen / Paul Easter (Mini Cooper S) | Eugen Böhringer / Rolf Wütherich (Porsche 904) | Pat Moss / Ann Wisdom (Saab 96) |
| 1966 | Pauli Toivonen / Ensio Mikander (Citroën ID) | René Trautmann / J Hanrioud (Lancia Flavia) | O Andersson / O Dahlgren (Lancia Flavia) |
| 1967 | Rauno Aaltonen / Henry Liddon (Mini Cooper S) | Ove Andersson / J Davenport (Lancia Fulvia) | Vic Elford / David Stone (Porsche 911S) |
| 1968 | Vic Elford / David Stone (Porsche 911T) | Pauli Toivonen / M Tiukkanen (Porsche 911S) | Rauno Aaltonen / Henry Liddon (Mini Cooper S) |
| 1969 | Björn Waldegård / Lars Helmer (Porsche 911S) | Gérard Larrousse / J C Perramond (Porsche 911S) | Jean Vinatier / J-F Jacob (Alpine-Renault A110) |
| 1970 | Björn Waldegård / Lars Helmer (Porsche 911S) | Gérard Larrousse / M Gelin (Porsche 911S) | J-P Nicolas / C Roure (Alpine-Renault A110) |
| 1971 | Ove Andersson / David Stone (Alpine-Renault A110) | Jean-Luc Thérier / M Callewaert (Alpine-Renault A110) | J-C Andruet / M Vial (Alpine-Renault A110) |
| 1972 | Sandro Munari / Mario Manucci (Lancia Fulvia 1.6HF) | Gérard Larrousse / J-C Perramond (Porsche 911S) | Rauno Aaltonen / J Todt (Datsun 240Z) |
1973–1985
| Rally name | Stages | Podium finishers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | Driver Co-driver |
Team Car |
Time | ||
| 42ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo 19 to 26 January 1973 Round 1 of the World Rally Championship |
18 stages 420 km |
1 |  Jean-Claude Andruet Michèle Petit ("Biche") | Alpine-Renault A110 1800 |
5h 42m 04s |
| 2 |  Ove Andersson Jean Todt | Alpine-Renault A110 1800 |
5h 42m 30s | ||
| 3 | Jean-Pierre Nicolas Michel Vial | Alpine-Renault A110 1800 |
5h 43m 39s | ||
| 1974 rally cancelled | |||||
| 43ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo 15 to 23 January 1975 Round 1 of the World Rally Championship |
22 stages 472 km |
1 |  Sandro Munari Mario Manucci | Lancia Stratos HF |
6h 25m 59s |
| 2 |  Hannu Mikkola Jean Todt | Fiat Abarth 124 Rallye |
6h 29m 05s | ||
| 3 | Markku Alén Ilkka Kivimäki | Fiat Abarth 124 Rallye |
6h 29m 46s | ||
| 44ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo 17 to 24 January 1976 Round 1 of the World Rally Championship |
23 stages 530 km |
1 | Sandro Munari Mario Manucci | Lancia Stratos HF |
6h 25m 10s |
| 2 | Björn Waldegård Hans Thorszelius | Lancia Stratos HF |
6h 26m 37s | ||
| 3 | Bernard Darniche Alain Mahé | Lancia Stratos HF |
6h 31m 23s | ||
| 45ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo 22 to 28 January 1977 Round 1 of the World Rally Championship Round 1 of the FIA Cup for Rally Drivers |
26 stages 506 km |
1 | Sandro Munari Silvio Maiga | Lancia Stratos HF |
6h 36m 13s |
| 2 | Jean-Claude Andruet Michèle Petit ("Biche") | Fiat 131 Abarth |
6h 38m 29s | ||
| 3 |  Antonio Zanini Juan Petisco | SEAT 124 - 1800 |
6h 47m 07s | ||
| 46ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo 21 to 28 January 1978 Round 1 of the World Rally Championship Round 1 of the FIA Cup for Rally Drivers |
29 stages 570 km |
1 | Jean-Pierre Nicolas Vincent Laverne |  Porsche 911 Carrera |
6h 57m 03s |
| 2 | Jean Ragnotti Jean-Marc Andrié | Renault 5 Alpine |
6h 58m 55s | ||
| 3 | Guy Fréquelin Jacques Delaval | Renault 5 Alpine |
6h 59m 55s | ||
| 47ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo 20 to 26 January 1979 Round 1 of the World Rally Championship |
30 stages 619 km |
1 | Bernard Darniche Alain Mahé | Team Chardonnet Lancia Stratos HF |
8h 13m 38s |
| 2 | Björn Waldegård Hans Thorszelius |  Ford Motor Company Ford Escort RS1800 |
8h 13m 44s | ||
| 3 | Markku Alén Ilkka Kivimäki | Alitalia Fiat Fiat 131 Abarth |
8h 17m 47s | ||
| 48ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo 19 to 25 January 1980 Round 1 of the World Rally Championship |
30 stages 601 km |
1 | Walter Röhrl Christian Geistdörfer | Fiat Italia Fiat 131 Abarth |
8h 42m 20s |
| 2 | Bernard Darniche Alain Mahé | Team Chardonnet Lancia Stratos HF |
8h 52m 58s | ||
| 3 | Björn Waldegård Hans Thorszelius | Fiat Italia Fiat 131 Abarth |
8h 53m 48s | ||
| 49ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo 24 to 30 January 1981 Round 1 of the World Rally Championship |
32 stages 757 km |
1 | Jean Ragnotti Jean-Marc Andrié | Renault Elf Renault 5 Turbo |
9h 55m 55s |
| 2 | Guy Fréquelin Jean Todt |  Talbot Talbot Sunbeam Lotus |
9h 58m 49s | ||
| 3 | Jochi Kleint Gunter Wanger | Opel Euro Händler Opel Ascona 400 |
10h 2m 54s | ||
| 50ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo 16 to 22 January 1982 Round 1 of the World Rally Championship |
32 stages 753 km |
1 | Walter Röhrl Christian Geistdörfer | Rothmans Opel Rally Team Opel Ascona 400 |
8h 20m 33s |
| 2 | Hannu Mikkola Arne Hertz | Audi Sport Audi Quattro |
8h 24m 22s | ||
| 3 | Jean-Luc Thérier Michel Vial | Esso Porsche 911SC |
8h 32m 38s | ||
| 51ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo 22 to 29 January 1983 Round 1 of the World Rally Championship |
30 stages 709 km |
1 | Walter Röhrl Christian Geistdörfer | Martini Racing Lancia Rally 037 |
7h 58m 57s |
| 2 | Markku Alén Ilkka Kivimäki | Martini Racing Lancia Rally 037 |
8h 5m 59s | ||
| 3 | Stig Blomqvist Björn Cederberg | Audi Sport Audi Quattro A1 |
8h 10m 15s | ||
| 52ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo 21 to 27 January 1984 Round 1 of the World Rally Championship |
30 stages 722 km |
1 | Walter Röhrl Christian Geistdörfer | Audi Sport Audi Quattro A2 |
8h 52m 29s |
| 2 | Stig Blomqvist Björn Cederberg | Audi Sport Audi Quattro A2 |
8h 53m 53s | ||
| 3 | Hannu Mikkola Arne Hertz | Audi Sport Audi Quattro A2 |
9h 5m 9s | ||
| 53ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo 26 January to 1 February 1985 Round 1 of the World Rally Championship |
34 stages 852 km |
1 | Ari Vatanen Terry Harryman | Peugeot Talbot Sport Peugeot 205 Turbo 16 |
10h 20m 49s |
| 2 | Walter Röhrl Christian Geistdörfer | Audi Sport Audi Sport Quattro |
10h 26m 06s | ||
| 3 | Timo Salonen Seppo Harjanne | Peugeot Talbot Sport Peugeot 205 Turbo 16 |
10h 30m 54s | ||
1986–1999
2000–2009
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2010–
See also
Notes
- ↑ Grand Prix.com – Monte Carlo Rally
- ↑ Rally retro, History of the 1911 Monte Carlo Rally by Philippe Callais
- ↑ Motor Sport, March 1966, pages 202, 204.
- ↑ Competition Press & Autoweek, February 12, 1966, Pages 1, 6.
- ↑ "1966: Future of Monte Carlo rally in doubt". BBC News. 21 January 1966.
- ↑ MotorSport Archive, March, 1966, Pages 44.|url= http://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/march-1966/44/monte-carlo-fiasco
- ↑ "Monte Carlo Rally to open 2011 IRC season". ircseries.com. Intercontinental Rally Challenge. 2010-07-19. Retrieved 2010-07-19.
- ↑ "Team LOOS INTERNATIONAL" at the 9th Rallye Monte-Carlo Historique. Loos International. Accessed May 12, 2010.
- ↑ Duijvestijn, Guus. Alpine Passes. Archived at AJ's Touring Home Page. Accessed May 12, 2010.
- ↑ Monte Carlo: Rally route. Motorsport.com, January 18, 2008. Accessed May 12, 2010.
- ↑ Readers' guide to who won at Monte Carlo, British Motor Corporation advertisement, Life Magazine, 14 February 1964, page 81 Retrieved from books.google.com.au on 22 December 2011
- ↑ "2009 Final Ranking". www.acm.mc. 2009-01-24. Retrieved 2010-07-19.
- ↑ "2010 Final Ranking". www.acm.mc. 2010-01-23. Retrieved 2010-07-19.
- ↑ "2011 Final Ranking". www.acm.mc. 2011-01-23. Retrieved 2011-01-24.
External links
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