New Brunswick, New Jersey

New Brunswick, New Jersey
City
City of New Brunswick
Nickname(s): Hub City, The Healthcare City

Location of New Brunswick in Middlesex County. Inset: Location of Middlesex County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.

Census Bureau map of New Brunswick, New Jersey
Coordinates: 40°29′12″N 74°26′40″W / 40.486678°N 74.444414°W / 40.486678; -74.444414Coordinates: 40°29′12″N 74°26′40″W / 40.486678°N 74.444414°W / 40.486678; -74.444414[1][2]
Country  United States
State  New Jersey
County Middlesex
Established December 30, 1730
Incorporated September 1, 1784
Named for Braunschweig, Germany or King George II of Great Britain
Government[3]
 • Type Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council)
 • Body City Council
 • Mayor James M. Cahill (term ends December 31, 2018)[4]
 • Administrator Thomas A. Loughlin, III[5]
 • Clerk Daniel A. Torrisi[6]
Area[1]
 • Total 5.789 sq mi (14.995 km2)
 • Land 5.227 sq mi (13.539 km2)
 • Water 0.562 sq mi (1.456 km2)  9.71%
Area rank 264th of 566 in state
14th of 25 in county[1]
Elevation[7] 62 ft (19 m)
Population (2010 Census)[8][9][10]
 • Total 55,181
 • Estimate (2014)[11] 57,080
 • Rank 27th of 566 in state
5th of 25 in county[12]
 • Density 10,556.4/sq mi (4,075.8/km2)
 • Density rank 34th of 566 in state
2nd of 25 in county[12]
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) Eastern (EDT) (UTC-4)
ZIP codes 08901-08906, 08933, 08989[13][14]
Area code(s) 732/848 and 908[15]
FIPS code 3402351210[1][16][17]
GNIS feature ID 0885318[1][18]
Website www.cityofnewbrunswick.org
New Brunswick is the county seat for Middlesex County.

If I had to fall I wish it had been on the sidewalks of New York, not the sidewalks of New Brunswick, N.J.

— Alfred E. Smith to Lew Dockstader in December 1923 on Dockstader's fall at what is now the State Theater.[19]

New Brunswick, officially City of New Brunswick, is a city in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. It is the county seat of Middlesex County,[20][21] and the home of Rutgers University. The city is located on the Northeast Corridor rail line, 27 miles (43 km) southwest of Manhattan, on the southern bank of the Raritan River. At the 2010 United States Census, the population of New Brunswick was 55,181,[8][9][10] reflecting an increase of 6,608 (+13.6%) from the 48,573 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 6,862 (+16.5%) from the 41,711 counted in the 1990 Census.[22] Due to the concentration of medical facilities in the area, including Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital and Saint Peter's University Hospital, as well as Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey's Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick is known as "the Hub City,"[23][24] The corporate headquarters and production facilities of several global pharmaceutical companies are situated in the city, including Johnson & Johnson and Bristol-Myers Squibb.

New Brunswick is noted for its ethnic diversity. At one time, one quarter of the Hungarian population of New Jersey resided in the city and in the 1930s one out of three city residents were Hungarian.[25] The Hungarian community continues to exist, alongside a growing Asian and Hispanic community that has developed around French Street near Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital.

History

Origins of the name

Originally inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans, the first European settlement at the site of New Brunswick was made in 1681. The settlement here was first called Prigmore's Swamp (1681–1697), then known as Inian's Ferry (1691–1714).[26] In 1714, the settlement was given the name New Brunswick, after the city of Braunschweig (called Brunswick in the Low German language), in state of Lower Saxony, in Germany. Braunschweig was an influential and powerful city in the Hanseatic League, later in the Holy Roman Empire, and was an administrative seat for the Duchy (and later Principality) of Hanover. Shortly after the first settlement of New Brunswick in colonial New Jersey, George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and Elector of Hanover, of the House of Hanover (also known as the House of Brunswick), became King George I of Great Britain (1660–1727). Alternatively, the city gets its name from King George II of Great Britain, the Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.[27][28]

During the Colonial and Early American periods

Early nineteenth century drawing of Old Queen's
New Brunswick and the Raritan River, 1903

Centrally located between New York City and Philadelphia along an early thoroughfare known as the King's Highway and situated along the Raritan River, New Brunswick became an important hub for Colonial travelers and traders. New Brunswick was incorporated as a town in 1736 and chartered as a city in 1784.[29] It was incorporated into a town in 1798 as part of the Township Act of 1798. It was occupied by the British in the winter of 1776–1777 during the Revolutionary War.[30]

The Declaration of Independence received one of its first public readings, by Col. John Neilson, in New Brunswick on July 9, 1776, in the days following its promulgation by the Continental Congress.[31][32][33]

The Trustees of Queen's College (now Rutgers University), founded in 1766, voted to locate the young college in New Brunswick, selecting the city over Hackensack, in Bergen County, New Jersey. Classes began in 1771 with one instructor, one sophomore, Matthew Leydt, and several freshmen at a tavern called "The Sign of the Red Lion" on the corner of Albany and Neilson Streets (now the grounds of the Johnson & Johnson corporate headquarters). Classes were held through the American Revolution in various taverns and boarding houses, and at a building known as College Hall on George Street, until Old Queens was erected in 1808. It remains the oldest building on the Rutgers University campus.[34] The Queen's College Grammar School (now Rutgers Preparatory School) was established also in 1766, and shared facilities with the College until 1830, when it located in a building (now known as Alexander Johnston Hall) across College Avenue from Old Queens.[35] After Rutgers University became the state university of New Jersey in 1945,[36] the Trustees of Rutgers divested itself of the Rutgers Preparatory School, which relocated in 1957 to an estate purchased from the Colgate-Palmolive Company in Franklin Township in neighboring Somerset County.[37]

The New Brunswick Theological Seminary, founded in 1784 in New York, moved to New Brunswick in 1810, sharing its quarters with the fledgling Queen's College (Queens would close from 1810 to 1825 due to financial problems, and reopen in 1825 under the name Rutgers College).[38] The Seminary, due to overcrowding and differences over the mission of Rutgers College as a secular institution, moved to tract of land covering 7 acres (2.8 ha) located less than one-half mile (800 m) west, which it still occupies, although the land is now in the middle of Rutgers University's College Avenue campus.

New Brunswick was formed by Royal charter on December 30, 1730, within other townships in Middlesex County and Somerset County and was reformed by Royal charter with the same boundaries on February 12, 1763, at which time it was divided into north and south wards. New Brunswick was incorporated as a city by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on September 1, 1784.[29]

African American community

The existence of an African American community dates back to the late 18th century, with the 1810 United States Census listing 53 free Blacks and 164 slaves. The city's Mount Zion African Methodist Episcopal Church, located at 39 Morris Street, was originally established in 1825 at 25 Division Street, making it one of the oldest in New Jersey.[39]

Hungarian community

The Committee of Hungarian Churches and Organizations of New Brunswick commemorating the anniversary of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956

New Brunswick began attracting a Hungarian immigrant population around the turn of the 20th century. Hungarians were primarily attracted to the city by employment at Johnson & Johnson factories located in the city. Hungarians settled mainly in what today is the Fifth Ward.

The immigrant population grew until the end of the early century immigration boom. During the Cold War, the community was revitalized by the decision to house refugees from the failed 1956 Hungarian Revolution at Camp Kilmer, in nearby Edison. Even though the Hungarian population has been largely supplanted by newer immigrants, there continues to be a Hungarian Festival in the city held on Somerset Street on the first Saturday of June each year. Many Hungarian institutions set up by the community remain and active in the neighborhood, including: Magyar Reformed Church, Ascension Lutheran Church, St. Ladislaus Roman Catholic Church, St. Joseph Byzantine Catholic Church, Hungarian American Athletic Club, Aprokfalva Montessori Preschool, Széchenyi Hungarian Community School & Kindergarten, Teleki Pál Scout Home, Hungarian American Foundation, Vers Hangja, Hungarian Poetry Group, Bolyai Lecture Series on Arts and Sciences, Hungarian Alumni Association, Hungarian Radio Program, Hungarian Civic Association, Committee of Hungarian Churches and Organizations of New Brunswick, and Csűrdöngölő Folk Dance Ensemble.

Several landmarks in the city also testify to its Hungarian heritage. There is a street and a recreation park named after Lajos Kossuth, the famous leader of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848. The corner of Somerset Street and Plum Street is named Mindszenty Square where the first ever statue of Cardinal Joseph Mindszenty was erected. A stone memorial to the victims of the 1956 Hungarian Revolution also stands nearby.

Latino community

About 50% of New Brunswick's population is self-identified as Hispanic, the 14th highest percentage among municipalities in New Jersey.[8][40] Since the 1960s, many of the new residents of New Brunswick have come from Latin America. Many citizens moved from Puerto Rico in the 1970s. In the 1980s, many immigrated from the Dominican Republic, and still later from Guatemala, Honduras, Ecuador and Mexico.

Demolition, revitalization and redevelopment

The Gateway Project under construction
College Avenue old and new

New Brunswick contains a number of examples of urban renewal in the United States. In the 1960s-1970s, the downtown area became blighted as middle class residents moved to newer suburbs surrounding the city, an example of the phenomenon known as "white flight." Beginning in 1975, Rutgers University, Johnson & Johnson and the local government collaborated through the New Jersey Economic Development Authority to form the New Brunswick Development Company (DevCo), with the goal of revitalizing the city center and redeveloping neighborhoods considered to be blighted and dangerous (via demolition of existing buildings and construction of new ones).[41] Johnson & Johnson decided to remain in New Brunswick and built a new world headquarters building in the area between Albany Street, Amtrak's Northeast Corridor, Route 18, and George Street, requiring many old buildings and historic roads to be removed. The Hiram Market area, a historic district that by the 1970s had become a mostly Puerto Rican and Dominican-American neighborhood, was demolished to build a Hyatt hotel and conference center, and upscale housing.[42] Johnson & Johnson guaranteed Hyatt Hotels' investment as they were wary of building an upscale hotel in a run-down area.

The redevelopment process has been controversial. Devco, the hospitals, and the city government continue to draw ire from both historic preservationists, those opposing gentrification[43] and those concerned with eminent domain abuses and tax abatements for developers.[44]

New Brunswick is one of nine cities in New Jersey designated as eligible for Urban Transit Hub Tax Credits by the state's Economic Development Authority. Developers who invest a minimum of $50 million within a half-mile of a train station are eligible for pro-rated tax credit.[45][46]

The Gateway tower, a 22-story redevelopment project next to the train station, was completed in 2012. The structure consists of apartments and condominiums (named "The Vue") built above a multi-story parking structure with a bridge connecting it to the station.[47] Boraie Development, a real estate development firm based in New Brunswick, has developed projects using the incentive.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city had a total area of 5.789 square miles (14.995 km2), including 5.227 square miles (13.539 km2) of land and 0.562 square miles (1.456 km2) of water (9.71%).[1][2] New Brunswick is in Raritan Valley (a line of cities in central New Jersey). New Brunswick is on the south side of Raritan Valley along with Piscataway, Highland Park, Edison and Franklin Township (Somerset County). New Brunswick lies southwest of Newark and New York City and northeast of Trenton and Philadelphia.

New Brunswick is bordered by Piscataway Township, Highland Park, and Edison Township across the Raritan River to the north by way of the Donald and Morris Goodkind Bridges, and also by North Brunswick Township to the southwest, East Brunswick Township to the southeast, and Franklin Township in Somerset County.[48]

While the city does not hold elections based on a ward system it has been so divided. There are several neighborhoods in the city.[49][50][51] which include the Fifth Ward, Feaster Park,[52] Lincoln Park, Raritan Gardens[53] and Edgebrook-Westons Mills.[54]

Climate

New Brunswick has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) typical to New Jersey, characterized by humid, hot summers and mild winters with moderate to considerable rainfall throughout the year. There is no marked wet or dry season.

Climate data for New Brunswick, New Jersey
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °F (°C) 39
(4)		 43
(6)		 51
(11)		 62
(17)		 72
(22)		 81
(27)		 86
(30)		 84
(29)		 77
(25)		 66
(19)		 55
(13)		 44
(7)		 63.3
(17.5)
Average low °F (°C) 21.7
(−5.7)		 23.6
(−4.7)		 30.8
(−0.7)		 40.0
(4.4)		 49.5
(9.7)		 59.4
(15.2)		 64.5
(18.1)		 63.1
(17.3)		 55.1
(12.8)		 43.0
(6.1)		 35.3
(1.8)		 26.7
(−2.9)		 42.73
(5.95)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.62
(91.9)		 2.98
(75.7)		 4.18
(106.2)		 4.23
(107.4)		 4.19
(106.4)		 4.41
(112)		 5.08
(129)		 4.15
(105.4)		 4.51
(114.6)		 3.80
(96.5)		 3.83
(97.3)		 4.06
(103.1)		 49.04
(1,245.6)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 8
(20)		 9
(23)		 4
(10)		 .6
(1.5)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 .8
(2)		 4.0
(10.2)		 26.4
(67.1)
Average precipitation days 10.7 9.2 10.5 11.8 12.2 11.2 10.4 9.3 8.7 8.9 9.5 9.8 122.2
Average snowy days 4.8 3.8 2.3 .4 0 0 0 0 0 0 .3 2.2 13.8
Source: NOAA[55]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18405,866—
185010,01970.8%
186011,25612.3%
187015,05833.8%
188017,16614.0%
189018,6038.4%
190020,0057.5%
191023,38816.9%
192032,77940.2%
193034,5555.4%
194033,180−4.0%
195038,81117.0%
196040,1393.4%
197041,8854.3%
198041,442−1.1%
199041,7110.6%
200048,57316.5%
201055,18113.6%
Est. 201457,080[11][56]3.4%
Population sources:
1860–1920[57] 1840–1890[58]
1850–1870[59] 1850[60]
1870[61] 1880–1890[62]
1890–1910[63] 1860–1930[64]
1930–1990[65] 2000[66][67] 2010[8][9][10]

Census 2010

At the 2010 United States Census, there were 55,181 people, 14,119 households, and 7,751 families residing in the city. The population density was 10,556.4 per square mile (4,075.8/km2). There were 15,053 housing units at an average density of 2,879.7 per square mile (1,111.9/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 45.43% (25,071) White, 16.04% (8,852) Black or African American, 0.90% (498) Native American, 7.60% (4,195) Asian, 0.03% (19) Pacific Islander, 25.59% (14,122) from other races, and 4.39% (2,424) from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 49.93% (27,553) of the population.[8]

There were 14,119 households, of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 29.2% were married couples living together, 17.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.1% were non-families. 25.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.36 and the average family size was 3.91.[8]

In the city, 21.1% of the population were under the age of 18, 33.2% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 12.2% from 45 to 64, and 5.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 23.3 years. For every 100 females there were 105.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.3 males.[8]

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $44,543 (with a margin of error of +/- $2,356) and the median family income was $44,455 (+/- $3,526). Males had a median income of $31,313 (+/- $1,265) versus $28,858 (+/- $1,771) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $16,395 (+/- $979). About 15.5% of families and 25.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.4% of those under age 18 and 16.9% of those age 65 or over.[68]

Census 2000

As of the 2000 United States Census, there were 48,573 people, 13,057 households, and 7,207 families residing in the city. The population density was 9,293.5 per square mile (3,585.9/km2). There were 13,893 housing units at an average density of 2,658.1 per square mile (1,025.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 48.79% White, 23.03% African American, 0.46% Native American, 5.32% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 18.08% from other races, and 4.24% from two or more races. 39.01% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.[66][67]

There were 13,057 households of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 29.6% were married couples living together, 18.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.8% were non-families. 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.23 and the average family size was 3.69.[66][67]

20.1% of the population were under the age of 18, 34.0% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 11.3% from 45 to 64, and 6.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females there were 98.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.8 males.[66][67]

The median household income in the city was $36,080, and the median income for a family was $38,222. Males had a median income of $25,657 versus $23,604 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,308. 27.0% of the population and 16.9% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 25.9% were under the age of 18 and 13.8% were 65 or older.[66][67]

Economy

Health care

City Hall has promoted the nickname "The Health Care City" to reflect the importance of the healthcare industry to its economy.[69] The city is home to the world headquarters of Johnson & Johnson, along with several medical teaching and research institutions including Saint Peter's University Hospital, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital and the Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, the Cancer Institute of New Jersey, and The Bristol-Myers Squibb Children's Hospital.[70]

Urban Enterprise Zone

Most of New Brunswick's retail businesses are within a designated Urban Enterprise Zone. In addition to other benefits to encourage employment within the zone, shoppers can take advantage of a reduced 3½% sales tax rate (versus the 7% rate charged statewide) at eligible merchants.[71]

Arts and culture

Theatre

Three neighboring professional venues, Crossroads Theatre designed by Parsons+Fernandez-Casteleiro Architects from New York. In 1999, the Crossroads Theatre won the prestigious Tony Award for Outstanding Regional Theatre. Crossroads is the first African American theater to receive this honor in the 33-year history of this special award category.[72] There is also George Street Playhouse, and the State Theatre, comprise the heart of the local theatre scene. Crossroad Theatre houses American Repertory Ballet and the Princeton Ballet School. Rutgers University has a number of student companies that perform everything from cabaret acts to Shakespeare and musical productions.

Looking north from the corner of New and George Streets. The Heldrich Center is on the left.

Museums

New Brunswick is the site of the Jane Voorhees Zimmerli Art Museum, founded in 1966, at Rutgers University, Albus Cavus, and the Rutgers University Geology Museum.[73]

Fine arts

New Brunswick was an important centre for avant-garde art in the 1950s-70s with several artists such as Allan Kaprow, George Segal, George Brecht, Robert Whitman, Robert Watts, Lucas Samaras, Geoffrey Hendricks, Wolf Vostell and Roy Lichtenstein; some of whom had taught at Rutgers University. This group of artists was sometimes referred to as the 'New Jersey School' or the 'New Brunswick School of Painting'. The YAM Festival was venue on 19 May 1963 to actions and Happenings. For more information, see Fluxus at Rutgers University.[74][75]

Restaurants

New Brunswick has a diverse restaurant market including Nouvelle American, Italian, Middle Eastern, Mexican, Peruvian, Indian, Ethiopian, Thai, Taiwanese and Chinese cuisine. Restaurants such as The Harvest Moon, Steakhouse 85, Frog and the Peach, Delta's, Panico's, The Old Bay, Clydz, Tumulty's Pub, Old Man Rafferty's, Brother Jimmy's BBQ, Burger Fi, Destination Dogs, and Chipotle serve the area.

Grease trucks

The "Grease Trucks" at Rutgers University's College Avenue campus

The "Grease Trucks" are a group of truck-based food vendors located on the College Avenue campus of Rutgers University. They are known for serving "Fat Sandwiches," a sub roll containing several ingredients such as steak, chicken fingers, French fries, falafel, cheeseburgers, mozzarella sticks, gyro meat, bacon, eggs and / or marinara sauce. In 2013 the grease trucks were removed for the construction of a new Rutgers building and were forced to move into various other areas of the Rutgers- New Brunswick Campus.[76]

Music

New Brunswick's bar scene has been the home to many original rock bands, including some which went on to national prominence such as The Smithereens and Bon Jovi, as well as a center for local punk rock and underground music. Many alternative rock bands got radio airplay thanks to Matt Pinfield who was part of the New Brunswick music scene for over 20 years at Rutgers University radio station WRSU. Local pubs and clubs hosted many local bands, including the Court Tavern[77] until 2012[78] (scheduled to reopen),[79] and the Melody Bar during the 1980s and 1990s. As the New Brunswick basement scene grows in popularity, it was ranked the number 4 spot to see Indie bands in New Jersey.[80]

Government

New Brunswick City Hall, the New Brunswick Free Public Library, and the New Brunswick Main Post Office are located in the city's Civic Square government district, as are numerous other city, county, state, and federal offices.

Local government

City Hall

The City of New Brunswick is governed within the Faulkner Act, formally known as the Optional Municipal Charter Law, under the Mayor-Council system of municipal government. As the legislative body of New Brunswick's municipal government, the City Council is responsible for approving the annual budget, ordinances and resolutions, contracts, and appointments to boards and commissions. The City Council has five members elected at-large to staggered four-year terms of office in partisan elections, with either two or three seats coming up for election in even years as part of the November general election. The Council President, elected to a two-year term by the members of the Council, presides over all meetings.[3]

As of 2015, Democrat James Cahill is the 62nd Mayor of New Brunswick; He was sworn in as Mayor on January 1, 1991 and is serving a term that expires on December 31, 2018.[81] Members of the City Council are Council President Rebecca Escobar (D, 2018), Council Vice President Kevin Egan (D, 2018), John Andersen (D, 2016), Glenn J. Fleming, Sr. (D, 2016) and Elizabeth Sheehan Garlatti (D, 2016).[82][83][84][85]

Police department

The New Brunswick police department has received attention for various incidents over the years. In 1991, the fatal shooting of Shaun Potts, an unarmed black resident, by Sergeant Zane Grey led to multiple local protests.[86] In 1996, Officer James Consalvo fatally shot Carolyn "Sissy" Adams, an unarmed prostitute who had bit him.[87] The Adams case sparked calls for reform in the New Brunswick police department, and ultimately was settled with the family.[88] Two officers, SGT. Marco Chinchilla and Det. James Marshall, were convicted of running a bordello in 2001. Chinchilla was sentenced to three years and Marshall was sentenced to four.[89] In 2011, Officer Brad Berdel fatally shot Barry Deloatch, a black man who had run from police (although police claim he struck officers with a stick);[90] this sparked daily protests from residents.[91]

Following the Deloatch shooting, sergeant Richard Rowe was formally charged with mishandling 81 Internal Affairs investigations; Mayor Cahill explained that this would help "rebuild the public's trust and confidence in local law enforcement."[92]

Federal, state and county representation

New Brunswick is located in the 6th Congressional District[93] and is part of New Jersey's 17th state legislative district.[9][94][95]

New Jersey's Sixth Congressional District is represented by Frank Pallone (D, Long Branch).[96] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Cory Booker (D, Newark, term ends 2021)[97] and Bob Menendez (D, Paramus, 2019).[98][99]

For the 2016–2017 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 17th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Bob Smith (D, Piscataway) and in the General Assembly by Joseph Danielsen (D, Franklin Township) and Joseph V. Egan (D, New Brunswick)[100] The Governor of New Jersey is Chris Christie (R, Mendham Township).[101] The Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey is Kim Guadagno (R, Monmouth Beach).[102]

Middlesex County is governed by a Board of Chosen Freeholders, whose seven members are elected at-large on a partisan basis to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either two or three seats coming up for election each year as part of the November general election. At an annual reorganization meeting held in January, the board selects from among its members a Freeholder Director and Deputy Director. As of 2015, Middlesex County's Freeholders (with party affiliation, term-end year, residence and committee chairmanship listed in parentheses) are Freeholder Director Ronald G. Rios (D, term ends December 31, 2015, Carteret; Ex-officio on all committees),[103] Freeholder Deputy Director Carol Barrett Bellante (D, 2017; Monmouth Junction, South Brunswick Township; County Administration),[104] Kenneth Armwood (D, 2016, Piscataway; Business Development and Education),[105] Charles Kenny ( D, 2016, Woodbridge Township; Finance),[106] H. James Polos (D, 2015, Highland Park; Public Safety and Health),[107] Charles E. Tomaro (D, 2017, Edison; Infrastructure Management)[108] and Blanquita B. Valenti (D, 2016, New Brunswick; Community Services).[109][110] Constitutional officers are County Clerk Elaine M. Flynn (D, Old Bridge Township),[111] Sheriff Mildred S. Scott (D, 2016, Piscataway)[112] and Surrogate Kevin J. Hoagland (D, 2017; New Brunswick).[110][113]

Politics

As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 22,742 registered voters in New Brunswick, of which 8,732 (38.4%) were registered as Democrats, 882 (3.9%) were registered as Republicans and 13,103 (57.6%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 25 voters registered to other parties.[114]

In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 83.4% of the vote (9,176 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 14.3% (1,576 votes), and other candidates with 2.2% (247 votes), among the 11,106 ballots cast by the township's 23,536 registered voters (107 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 47.2%.[115][116] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 83.3% of the vote (10,717 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain with 14.8% (1,899 votes) and other candidates with 1.1% (140 votes), among the 12,873 ballots cast by the township's 23,533 registered voters, for a turnout of 54.7%.[117] In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 78.2% of the vote (8,023 ballots cast), outpolling Republican George W. Bush with 19.7% (2,018 votes) and other candidates with 0.7% (143 votes), among the 10,263 ballots cast by the township's 20,734 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 49.5.[118]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Democrat Barbara Buono received 66.5% of the vote (2,604 cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 31.2% (1,220 votes), and other candidates with 2.3% (92 votes), among the 3,991 ballots cast by the township's 23,780 registered voters (75 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 16.8%.[119][120] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Democrat Jon Corzine received 68.2% of the vote (4,281 ballots cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 20.9% (1,314 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 6.2% (387 votes) and other candidates with 2.0% (128 votes), among the 6,273 ballots cast by the township's 22,534 registered voters, yielding a 27.8% turnout.[121]

Education

Public schools

The New Brunswick Public Schools serve students in Kindergarten to twelfth grade. The district is one of 31 former Abbott districts statewide,[122] which are now referred to as "SDA Districts" based on the requirement for the state to cover all costs for school building and renovation projects in these districts under the supervision of the New Jersey Schools Development Authority.[123][124] New Brunswick's Board of Education members are appointed by the city's mayor.

As of the 2011-12 school year, the district's 10 schools had an enrollment of 7,657 students and 630.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.14:1.[125] Schools in the district (with 2011-12 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[126]) are Lincoln Elementary School[127] (grades PreK-8; 578 students), Livingston Elementary School[128] (K-8; 538), McKinley Community Elementary School[129] (PreK-5; 734), A. Chester Redshaw Elementary School[130] (PreK-8; 719), Paul Robeson Community Elementary School[131] (PreK-5; 500), Roosevelt Elementary School[132] (PreK-5; 600), Lord Stirling Elementary School[133] (PreK-5; 813), Woodrow Wilson Elementary School[134] (PreK-8; 437), New Brunswick Middle School[135] (6-8; 1,183), New Brunswick High School[136] (9-12; 1,555) and Health Sciences Technology High School[137] (9-12).[138][139]

The community is also served by the Greater Brunswick Charter School, a K-8 charter school with an enrollment of about 250 children from New Brunswick, Highland Park, Edison and other area communities.[140]

Higher education

Transportation

As of May 2010, the city had a total of 73.24 miles (117.87 km) of roadways, of which 56.13 miles (90.33 km) were maintained by the municipality, 8.57 miles (13.79 km) by Middlesex County, 7.85 miles (12.63 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation and 0.69 miles (1.11 km) by the New Jersey Turnpike Authority.[144]

The city encompasses the intersection of U.S. Route 1 and Route 18, and is bisected by Route 27. New Brunswick hosts less than a mile of the New Jersey Turnpike (Interstate 95). A few turnpike ramps are in the city that lead to Exit 9 which is just outside the city limits in East Brunswick Township.

Other major roads that are nearby include the Garden State Parkway in Woodbridge Township and Interstate 287 in neighboring Edison, Piscataway and Franklin townships.

New Brunswick Parking Authority manages 14 ground-level and multi-story parking facilities across the city.[145][146] CitiPark manages a downtown parking facility at 2 Albany Street.[147]

Public transportation

Southbound platform of New Brunswick's NJ Transit train station. University Center at Easton Ave is in the background.
Panorama of New Brunswick Train Station track to New York City

New Brunswick is served by New Jersey Transit and Amtrak trains on the Northeast Corridor Line.[148] New Jersey Transit provides frequent service north to Pennsylvania Station, in Midtown Manhattan, and south to Trenton, while Amtrak's Keystone Service and Northeast Regional trains service the New Brunswick Train Station.[149] The Jersey Avenue station is also served by Northeast Corridor trains.[150] For other Amtrak connections, riders can take New Jersey Transit to Penn Station (New York or Newark), Trenton, or Metropark.

Local bus service is provided by NJ Transit's 810, 811, 814, 815, 818 routes and 980 route,[151] the extensive Rutgers Campus bus network,[152] the MCAT/BrunsQuick shuttle system,[153] DASH buses,[154] and NYC bound Suburban Trails buses. Studies are being conducted to create the New Brunswick Bus Rapid Transit system.

New Brunswick was at the eastern terminus of the Delaware and Raritan Canal, of which there are remnants surviving or rebuilt along the river.[155] Until 1936, the city was served by the interurban Newark–Trenton Fast Line.

Popular culture

Points of interest

The Heldrich in Downtown New Brunswick

Places of worship

Notable people

Phil Radford, environmental leader

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with the City of New Brunswick include:

Sister cities

New Brunswick has four sister cities, as listed by Sister Cities International:[222][223]

References

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  123. ↑ What are SDA Districts?, New Jersey Schools Development Authority. Accessed August 15, 2012. "SDA Districts are 31 special-needs school districts throughout New Jersey. They were formerly known as Abbott Districts, based on the Abbott v. Burke case in which the New Jersey Supreme Court ruled that the State must provide 100 percent funding for all school renovation and construction projects in special-needs school districts ... The districts were renamed after the elimination of the Abbott designation through passage of the state's new School Funding Formula in January 2008."
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  130. ↑ A. Chester Redshaw Elementary School, New Brunswick Public Schools. Accessed August 18, 2013.
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  133. ↑ Lord Stirling Elementary School, New Brunswick Public Schools. Accessed August 18, 2013.
  134. ↑ Woodrow Wilson Elementary School, New Brunswick Public Schools. Accessed August 18, 2013.
  135. ↑ New Brunswick Middle School, New Brunswick Public Schools. Accessed August 18, 2013.
  136. ↑ New Brunswick High School, New Brunswick Public Schools. Accessed August 18, 2013.
  137. ↑ Health Sciences technology High School, New Brunswick Public Schools. Accessed August 18, 2013.
  138. ↑ Schools Listing, New Brunswick Public Schools. Accessed August 18, 2013.
  139. ↑ New Jersey School Directory for the New Brunswick Public Schools, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed August 18, 2013.
  140. ↑ Greater Brunswick Charter School, Greater Brunswick Charter School. Accessed June 25, 2008.
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  142. ↑ History, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. Accessed August 18, 2013.
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  155. ↑ General Information, Delaware and Raritan Canal State Park. Accessed December 17, 2014. "The main canal passes the Port Mercer bridge tender's house, through the charming villages of Kingston and Griggstown to Blackwells Mills, ending up in New Brunswick"
  156. ↑ Charles Be DeMille, Charles in Charge, Season 5, Prod. Michael Jacobs, Dir. Scott Baio, Writers, Jennifer Burton, David Lang, Perf. Scott Baio, Syndication, December 22, 1990. At about 7'35" into the episode, Charles says in a telephone conversation that someone will come "here to New Brunswick" to visit him.
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  158. ↑ About ALFWC, Abundant Life Family Worship Church. Accessed September 9, 2015. "The Abundant Life Family Worship Church was established in February of 1991 and has become a place of inspiration and spiritual revitalization for many people in New Brunswick and surrounding communities."
  159. ↑ History, Anshe Emeth Memorial Temple. Accessed September 9, 2015. "Anshe Emeth Memorial Temple, the fourth Jewish congregation founded in New Jersey, was established in New Brunswick on October 11, 1859."
  160. ↑ Varga, Emil, et. al. "History of Ascension Evangelical Lutheran Church", Lutherans Online. Accessed September 9, 2015. "What persistence the original founders of the Hungarian Lutheran Church (now Ascension Lutheran Church) of New Brunswick had, who, in spite of many difficulties in securing a minister to be their pastor kept on having meetings, trying to find ways of making their religious dreams become a reality. They were immigrants from Hungary - most of them quite young- who brought with them their religious faith."
  161. ↑ History of the Parish, Christ Church, New Brunswick, New Jersey. Accessed September 9, 2015. "Throughout the early years,Christ Church remained a mission parish. It would not receive a royal charter as an independent parish until 1761."
  162. ↑ David Abeel 1804 ~ 1846, Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Christianity. Accessed January 11, 2015. "Born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, Abeel had begun medical studies when a religious conversion turned him toward the Christian ministry."
  163. ↑ "ADRAIN, Garnett Bowditch, (1815 - 1878)", Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed January 11, 2015. "moved with his parents to New Brunswick, N.J.; attended the public schools; was graduated from Rutgers College, New Brunswick, in 1833"
  164. ↑ Charlie Atherton, Baseball-Reference.com. Accessed January 11, 2015.
  165. ↑ Jim Axelrod: CBS Chief White House Correspondent, CBS News. Accessed August 12, 2007.
  166. ↑ Catherine Bailey, Addison County Independent. Accessed September 9, 2015. "Catherine was born on May 9, 1921, in New Brunswick, N.J., the daughter of H. Gordon and Hettie Bailey."
  167. ↑ Joe Barzda, Motor Sport (magazine) database. Accessed September 9, 2015.
  168. ↑ via Associated Press. "Van Johnson, Veteran Race Driver, Killed in Grove Crash", The Gettysburg Times, July 20, 1959. Accessed September 9, 2015. "The Indianapolis-type car was rammed from the side by one driven by Joe Barzda of New Brunswick, N. J."
  169. ↑ John Bubenheim Bayard (1738-1807), University of Pennsylvania. Accessed September 8, 2015. "After the Revolutionary War, Bayard became influential as a Federalist, living in Philadelphia and then New Brunswick."
  170. ↑ James Berardinelli profile, Rotten Tomatoes, accessed March 17, 2007. "I was born in September 1967 in the town of New Brunswick, New Jersey (USA)."
  171. ↑ Bradshaw, Jennifer. "Eight Inducted Into New Brunswick High School Hall of Distinguished Alumni; The New Brunswick Education Foundation also awarded 44 scholarships.", New Brunswick Patch, June 24, 2013. Accessed September 9, 2015. "Natalie Bisheaba Swain, Class of 1993 – celebrity makeup artist and fundraiser."
  172. ↑ James Bishop, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed September 1, 2007.
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  175. ↑ Jake Bornheimer, Hoya Basketball. Accessed August 31, 2015.
  176. ↑ Torres, Andrea. "Miami Dolphins sign three new players; Miami Dolphins shuffles roster", WPLG, August 6, 2014. Accessed September 9, 2015. "Brackett, 26, was born in New Brunswick, N.J. He joined the NFL after graduating from Penn State University."
  177. ↑ Makin, Bob. "Hub City Music Fest commissions '48 Hour Musicals'", Courier News, April 5, 2015. Accessed September 9, 2015. "Producer-DJ Derrick 'Drop' Braxton, a New Brunswick native and lifelong resident, not only has created several songs within 48 hours with Red Giant partner, Chelsea 'Foxanne' Gohd, but also with nationally known Chicago rapper Lupe Fiasco."
  178. ↑ Hevesi, Dennis. "Sherry Britton, 89, a Star of the Burlesque Stage, Dies", The New York Times, April 3, 2008. Accessed September 9, 2015. "Born Edith Zack in New Brunswick, N.J., Ms. Britton was the daughter of Charles and Esther Dansky Zack; the family name was later changed to Britton."
  179. ↑ Gary Brokaw, Basketball-Reference.com. Accessed September 17, 2007.
  180. ↑ Tynes, Tyler. "Villanova recruit Jalen Brunson has basketball in his blood", SB Nation, April 3, 2015. Accessed September 9, 2015. "The Brunsons' level of winning isn't restricted to the hardwoods of Lincolnshire, Illinois, or the mean streets of New Brunswick, New Jersey, where Jalen was born, but their triumphs in athletics do tell part of their story."
  181. ↑ Wilson, James Grant; Fiske, John, eds. "Bartlett, William Lehman Ashmeas Burdett-Coutts", p. 186. Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography, Volume 1. D. Appleton, 1888. Accessed September 9, 2015. "BARTLETT, William Lehman Ashmead Burdett-Coutts, b. in New Brunswick, N. J., in 1851."
  182. ↑ Fly, Colin. "Once special teams whiz, Casillas now face of No. 7 Badgers LBs", USA Today, September 13, 2007. Accessed February 26, 2011. "But it starts with Casillas, the self-proclaimed family man from New Brunswick, N.J., who was the Badgers' leading returning tackler from last season and is often called into pass coverage."
  183. ↑ Stevenson, Kenyon (1919). The official history of the Fifth division, U. S. A.: during the period of its organization and of its operations in the European world war, 1917-1919. The Red diamond (Meuse) division (Public domain ed.). The Society of the Fifth division. pp. 23–.
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  185. ↑ La Gorce, Tammy "From Kindergarten Cutup to Big-Screen Actor at 9", The New York Times, March 2, 2008. Accessed January 11, 2015.
  186. ↑ 'Acting 'Runs In The Family', CBS News, April 15, 2003. "Born Michael Kirk Douglas in New Brunswick, N.J., Sept. 25, 1944"
  187. ↑ A. Walton White Evans Family Papers, 1709–1891, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, accessed April 23, 2007. "Anthony Walton White Evans was born in New Brunswick, NJ October 31, 1817, the son of Thomas M. Evans and Eliza M. White."
  188. ↑ Howard, Cory. The Man Who Inspired The Words Of Forrest Gump Walks Across The Country ... Again", KHQ-TV, September 11, 2010. Accessed November 15, 2012. "To give Bobby hope, Louis promised he would run across America for him. In 1982, the teenager set out from New Brunswick, New Jersey for San Francisco, raising money and awareness along the way for the American Cancer Society. Sixty days later, he became the fastest and youngest runner to run across America."
  189. ↑ Augustus Albert Hardenbergh, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed August 13, 2007.
  190. ↑ Lawler, Sylvia. "Mel Harris Mindful Of What's Meaningful", The Morning Call, September 27, 1992. Accessed January 11, 2015. "She told me she was Mary Ellen Donegan ('very Irish'); that she'd left Bethlehem when she was six months old and was raised in New Brunswick, N.J., but that she still got back to Bethlehem because she had nearly a dozen cousins there."
  191. ↑ Raritan River Environmental Festival 2006 Musical Performances, accessed April 23, 2007. "Composer and bassist Mark Helias was born and raised in New Brunswick."
  192. ↑ "Lossing's Field Book of the Revolution, Vol. II., Supplement I.", accessed April 23, 2007. "On the arrival of the British the following summer, Captains Adam Hyler and Wm. Marriner, of New Brunswick, New Jersey, annoyed them so much, that an armed force was sent to destroy their boats."
  193. ↑ "Jaheim returns with new CD, 'Ghetto Classics' and talks about his musical heroes", Jet (magazine), April 10, 2006, accessed April 23, 2007. "Born Jaheim Hoagland in the housing projects of New Brunswick, NJ, he was inspired to sing by his grandfather."
  194. ↑ USC star WR Jarrett to enter NFL draft, NFL, press release dated January 10, 2007, accessed April 29, 2007. "Jarrett, a 6-foot-5, 215-pounder from New Brunswick, N.J., ends his college career with 216 catches for 3,138 yards and a Pac-10-record 41 touchdowns in 38 games."
  195. ↑ IJS Receives Archives of Composer/Pianist James P. Johnson, press release date July 29, 2004, accessed April 23, 2007. Renowned worldwide as the "Father of Stride Piano," Johnson was born in New Brunswick in 1894."
  196. ↑ Staff. "Obituary: Robert Wood Johnson", p. 145. National Druggist, Volume 40. Accessed June 25, 2015. "Robert Wood Johnson, one of the founders and president of the well-known firm of Johnson & Johnson died after a brief illness at his home in New Brunswick, N. J., February 7, 1910."
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  198. ↑ Home Page, Friends of the William H. Johnson House. Accessed January 11, 2015. "William H. Johnson was a prosperous New Brunswick businessman who owned a wallpaper hanging and house painting company, with business addresses on Church Street and Morris Street in New Brunswick."
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  200. ↑ Littleton Kirkpatrick, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed September 1, 2007.
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  203. ↑ 'Murphy Brown' Housepainter Dies: Actor Robert Pastorelli Dead At 49, May Have Been Drug Overdose, CBS News, March 9, 2004.
  204. ↑ Rechcigl, Miloslav, Jr. "%22 Czech American Timeline: Chronology of Milestones in the History of Czechs in America, p. 394. Author House, 2013. ISBN 9781481757065. Accessed June 25, 2015. "Stephen Porges (1945- ), b. New Brunswick, NJ, of Bohemian ancestry, a psychiatrist, proposed the Polyvagal Theory, a theory that links the evolution of the autonomic nervous system to the emergence of social behavior."
  205. ↑ Stravelli, Gloria. "The right song at the right time in the right movie: Doors of Hollywood swung open for musician after 1987 Academy Award", Atlanticville, April 11, 2002. Accessed May 12, 2008. "'There was always music at home,' Previte recalled about his boyhood in New Brunswick."
  206. ↑ Miles Ross, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed March 18, 2011.
  207. ↑ Olivier, Bobby. "Midtown reunion just part of NJ revival at Skate and Surf this weekend", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, May 16, 2014. Accessed June 25, 2015. "Gabe Saporta could only dodge the discussion for so long. For years, the singer and his former bandmates were asked to reunite Midtown, their daring New Brunswick foursome that burned alongside pop-punk’s brightest incendiaries in the early 2000s, only to smolder and disband in 2005."
  208. ↑ About Jeff ShaaraAuthor of The Last Full Measure, Random House. Accessed May 11, 2013. "Jeff Shaara was born in 1952, in New Brunswick, New Jersey."
  209. ↑ New Jersey Governor George Sebastian Silzer, National Governors Association. Accessed August 5, 2007.
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  211. ↑ Aaker, Everett. Encyclopedia of early television crime fighters:all regular cast members in American crime and mystery series, 1948–1959, McFarland & Company, 2006. ISBN 0-7864-2476-1. Accessed March 24, 2013. "Arthur Space was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey on October 12, 1908."
  212. ↑ Schelly, Bill. Founders of Comic Fandom: Profiles of 90 Publishers, Dealers, Collectors, Writers, Artists and Other Luminaries of the 1950s and 1960s, p. 124. McFarland & Company, 2010. ISBN 0-7864-4347-2. Accessed November 13, 2015. "Larry Stark was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, in August 1932."
  213. ↑ Bosso, Joe. "Ron 'Bumblefoot' Thal on DIY music distribution, Guns N' Roses and more", MusicRadar.com, April 22, 2011. Accessed March 24, 2013. "As a member of Guns N' Roses, Ron 'Bumblefoot' Thal has spent the better part of two years crisscrossing the globe on the Chinese Democracy tour and playing to packed enormodomes. But, for time being, the New Jersey resident, who has called the city of New Brunswick his home for the past 12 years, is enjoying a bit of normalcy in the Garden State."
  214. ↑ Joe Theismann, NFL.com. Accessed March 24, 2013.
  215. ↑ Staff. "The Story of His Life", The New York Times, December 9, 1885. Accessed March 24, 2013. "William H. Vanderbilt was the eldest son of Commodore Vanderbilt. He was born in New-Brunswick, N.J., in the old house where the Commodore lived a good part of his time at that period of his life, on May 8, 1821."
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  218. ↑ Leonard, John William; and Marquis, Albert Nelson. Who's who in America, Volumes 2-4, p. 1260. Marquis Who's Who, 1901. Accessed June 25, 2015. "Woodbridge, Samuel Merrill... Address: New Brunswick, N. J."
  219. ↑ "Young signs with Rangers", The Star-Ledger, August 12, 2006. "Young, out of Rutgers and New Brunswick, has played in 15 major- league seasons, including 2004 for the Rangers when they were in contention for the AL West title until the final week of the regular season."
  220. ↑ McCall, Tris. "N.J. band Gaslight Anthem growing with roots firmly intact", The Star-Ledger, June 13, 2010, updated January 30, 2014. Accessed June 25, 2015. "'Our connection to New Brunswick is something that will never go away,' says Gaslight bassist Alex Levine, who, like the rest of the band members, has recently moved elsewhere."
  221. ↑ Massa, Krysten. "Streetlight Manifesto finally makes it to the Brook", The Statesman (Stony Brook), April 21, 2015. Accessed June 25, 2015. "Streetlight Manifesto is from New Brunswick, New Jersey and one of its first headlining shows was at Rutgers University."
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