Protein C inhibitor

Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin), member 5
PDB rendering based on 1lq8.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1LQ8​, 1PAI​, 2HI9​, 2OL2​, 2PAI​, 3DY0​
Identifiers
Symbols	SERPINA5 ; PAI-3; PAI3; PCI; PCI-B; PLANH3; PROCI
External IDs	OMIM: 601841 MGI: 107817 HomoloGene: 20159 GeneCards: SERPINA5 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • retinoic acid binding • protease binding • serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity • protein binding • glycosaminoglycan binding • heparin binding • phosphatidylcholine binding • acrosin binding Cellular component • acrosomal membrane • extracellular region • extracellular space • external side of plasma membrane • membrane • platelet alpha granule • platelet dense tubular network • protein C inhibitor-TMPRSS7 complex • protein C inhibitor-TMPRSS11E complex • protein C inhibitor-PLAT complex • protein C inhibitor-PLAU complex • protein C inhibitor-thrombin complex • protein C inhibitor-KLK3 complex • protein C inhibitor-plasma kallikrein complex • protein complex • extracellular exosome • protein C inhibitor-coagulation factor V complex • protein C inhibitor-coagulation factor Xa complex • protein C inhibitor-coagulation factor XI complex Biological process • lipid transport • spermatogenesis • fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane • blood coagulation • negative regulation of endopeptidase activity • negative regulation of hydrolase activity Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5104	268591
Ensembl	ENSG00000188488	ENSMUSG00000041550
UniProt	P05154	P70458
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000624	NM_172953
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000615	NP_766541
Location (UCSC)	Chr 14: 94.56 – 94.59 Mb	Chr 12: 104.1 – 104.11 Mb
PubMed search

Protein C inhibitor (PCI, SERPINA5) is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) which limits the activity of protein C (an anticoagulant).

An N-terminal fragment of PCI is a possible serum biomarker for prostate cancer.^[1]

Protein C inhibitor is activated by heparin against thrombin.^[2]

Interactions

Protein C inhibitor has been shown to interact with prostate specific antigen,^[3][4] protein C^[5][6] and PLAU.^[5][7]

See also

• Serpins

Further reading

• Suzuki K, Hayashi T (2000). "cis-elements required for expression of human protein C inhibitor gene in HepG2 cells and its androgen-dependent expression in rat reproductive organs.". Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 26 (1): 75–83. doi:10.1055/s-2000-9807. PMID 10805286.
• Yasuda T, Nadano D, Iida R, et al. (1992). "Discovery of a genetic polymorphism of human plasma protein C inhibitor (PCI): genetic survey utilizing isoelectric focusing followed by immunoblotting, immunological and biochemical characterization.". Hum. Genet. 89 (3): 265–9. doi:10.1007/BF00220537. PMID 1318261.
• Laurell M, Christensson A, Abrahamsson PA, et al. (1992). "Protein C inhibitor in human body fluids. Seminal plasma is rich in inhibitor antigen deriving from cells throughout the male reproductive system.". J. Clin. Invest. 89 (4): 1094–101. doi:10.1172/JCI115689. PMC 442965. PMID 1372913.
• Meijers JC, Chung DW (1991). "Organization of the gene coding for human protein C inhibitor (plasminogen activator inhibitor-3). Assignment of the gene to chromosome 14.". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (23): 15028–34. PMID 1714450.
• Kuhn LA, Griffin JH, Fisher CL, et al. (1990). "Elucidating the structural chemistry of glycosaminoglycan recognition by protein C inhibitor.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (21): 8506–10. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.21.8506. PMC 54985. PMID 2172989.
• Meijers JC, Chung DW (1990). "Evidence for a glycine residue at position 316 in human protein C inhibitor.". Thromb. Res. 59 (2): 389–93. doi:10.1016/0049-3848(90)90142-Y. PMID 2173165.
• España F, Berrettini M, Griffin JH (1989). "Purification and characterization of plasma protein C inhibitor.". Thromb. Res. 55 (3): 369–84. doi:10.1016/0049-3848(89)90069-8. PMID 2551064.
• Laurell M, Stenflo J (1990). "Protein C inhibitor from human plasma: characterization of native and cleaved inhibitor and demonstration of inhibitor complexes with plasma kallikrein.". Thromb. Haemost. 62 (3): 885–91. PMID 2556811.
• Geiger M, Huber K, Wojta J, et al. (1989). "Complex formation between urokinase and plasma protein C inhibitor in vitro and in vivo.". Blood 74 (2): 722–8. PMID 2752144.
• Suzuki K, Deyashiki Y, Nishioka J, et al. (1987). "Characterization of a cDNA for human protein C inhibitor. A new member of the plasma serine protease inhibitor superfamily.". J. Biol. Chem. 262 (2): 611–6. PMID 3027058.
• Suzuki K, Nishioka J, Hashimoto S (1983). "Protein C inhibitor. Purification from human plasma and characterization.". J. Biol. Chem. 258 (1): 163–8. PMID 6294098.
• Christensson A, Lilja H (1994). "Complex formation between protein C inhibitor and prostate-specific antigen in vitro and in human semen.". Eur. J. Biochem. 220 (1): 45–53. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18597.x. PMID 7509746.
• Zheng X, Geiger M, Ecke S, et al. (1994). "Inhibition of acrosin by protein C inhibitor and localization of protein C inhibitor to spermatozoa.". Am. J. Physiol. 267 (2 Pt 1): C466–72. PMID 7521127.
• Radtke KP, Fernández JA, Greengard JS, et al. (1994). "Protein C inhibitor is expressed in tubular cells of human kidney.". J. Clin. Invest. 94 (5): 2117–24. doi:10.1172/JCI117566. PMC 294656. PMID 7525654.
• Hayashi S (1994). "Urinary protein C inhibitor binding region in the B beta-chain of human fibrinogen.". Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis 4 (6): 921–6. doi:10.1097/00001721-199304060-00009. PMID 8148485.
• Hayashi T, Suzuki K (1994). "Gene organization of human protein C inhibitor, a member of SERPIN family proteins encoded in five exons.". Int. J. Hematol. 58 (3): 213–24. PMID 8148499.
• Billingsley GD, Walter MA, Hammond GL, Cox DW (1993). "Physical mapping of four serpin genes: alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, corticosteroid-binding globulin, and protein C inhibitor, within a 280-kb region on chromosome I4q32.1.". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 52 (2): 343–53. PMC 1682208. PMID 8381582.
• Hayashi S, Yamada K (1993). "Binding of urinary protein C inhibitor to fibrin(ogen) and its binding mechanism.". Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis 4 (1): 153–8. doi:10.1097/00001721-199304010-00027. PMID 8384496.
• Moore A, Penfold LM, Johnson JL, et al. (1993). "Human sperm-egg binding is inhibited by peptides corresponding to core region of an acrosomal serine protease inhibitor.". Mol. Reprod. Dev. 34 (3): 280–91. doi:10.1002/mrd.1080340308. PMID 8471250.
• Hayashi S, Wakizaka A (1996). "Urinary protein C inhibitor binding region in the A alpha-chain of human fibrinogen.". Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis 6 (5): 382–7. doi:10.1097/00001721-199507000-00003. PMID 8589203.

References

1. "Predicting Prostate Cancer Biochemical Recurrence Using a Panel of Serum Proteomic Biomarkers".
2. Huntington, JA (Jun 2013). "Thrombin inhibition by the serpins.". Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH. 11 Suppl 1: 254–64. doi:10.1111/jth.12252. PMID 23809129.
3. Christensson, A; Lilja H (February 1994). "Complex formation between protein C inhibitor and prostate-specific antigen in vitro and in human semen". Eur. J. Biochem. (Germany) 220 (1): 45–53. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18597.x. ISSN 0014-2956. PMID 7509746.
4. Kise, H; Nishioka J; Kawamura J; Suzuki K (May 1996). "Characterization of semenogelin II and its molecular interaction with prostate-specific antigen and protein C inhibitor". Eur. J. Biochem. (Germany) 238 (1): 88–96. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0088q.x. ISSN 0014-2956. PMID 8665956.
5. España, F; Berrettini M; Griffin J H (August 1989). "Purification and characterization of plasma protein C inhibitor". Thromb. Res. (United States) 55 (3): 369–84. doi:10.1016/0049-3848(89)90069-8. ISSN 0049-3848. PMID 2551064.
6. Strandberg, K; Kjellberg M; Erb E M; Persson U; Mosher D F; Villoutreix B O; Stenflo J (December 2000). "Activated protein C-protein C inhibitor complex formation: characterization of a neoepitope provides evidence for extensive insertion of the reactive center loop". Biochemistry (UNITED STATES) 39 (51): 15713–20. doi:10.1021/bi001640h. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 11123896.
7. Geiger, M; Huber K; Wojta J; Stingl L; Espana F; Griffin J H; Binder B R (August 1989). "Complex formation between urokinase and plasma protein C inhibitor in vitro and in vivo". Blood (United States) 74 (2): 722–8. ISSN 0006-4971. PMID 2752144.

External links

• The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: I04.004
• Protein C inhibitor at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)