House of Shishman

House of Shishman
Шишмановци
Country Principality of Vidin
Principality of Karvuna
Tsardom of Tarnovo
Principality of Valona
Tsardom of Vidin
Principality of Serres
Parent house House of Komnenos
House of Assen
Titles Knyaz, Tsar, Despot
Founded 1280
Founder Prince Shishman of Vidin
Final ruler Prince Rostislav of Tarnovo
Current head Extinct
Dissolution 1686
Ethnicity Bulgarian, partially Cuman
Cadet branches Shishmanoğlu family
Family tree for the Shishman dynasty

Shishman (Bulgarian: Шишман), also Shishmanids or Shishmanovtsi (Bulgarian: Шишмановци), was a medieval Bulgarian royal dynasty of partial[1] Cuman origin.[2]

The Shishman dynasty consecutively ruled the Second Bulgarian Empire for approximately one century, from 1323 to 1422, when it was conquered by the Ottomans. The Shishmanids were related to the earlier Asen dynasty, and according to the Ragusan historian Lukarić, also to the immediately preceding Terter dynasty.[1] In Plamen Pavlov's view, the Shishman dynasty's founder, despot Shishman of Vidin, may have been the brother of George I, the first Bulgarian Terterid ruler, thus also coming to Bulgaria from the Kingdom of Hungary after 1241.[1]

Members

Among its more notable members were:

Main branch:

Sratsimir branch:

List of monarchs

Principality/Tsardom of Vidin

Portrait Name From Until Short description
Shishman12801308The founder of the dynasty.
Michael I13081323Son of prince Shishman, elected to tsar of Bulgaria and uses the name Michael III.
Belaur13231337Brother of prince Michael I.
Mishael II13371356Son of prince Michael I.
Sratsimir13561397Third son of Ivan Alexander. Ruled in Vidin. Captured by the Ottomans in 1396 and imprisoned in Bursa where he was strangled.[4]
Constantine13971418Spent most of his life in exile. Most historians do not include him in the list of the Bulgarian monarchs.

Principality of Karvuna

Portrait Name From Until Short description
Sratsimir13001330Father of tsar Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria.
Keratsa13301340Wife of Sratsimir and mother of tsar Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria.

Tsardom of Tarnovo

Portrait Name From Until Short description
Michael III Shishman13301308Bolyar of Vidin. Mortally wounded in the battle of Velbazhd on 28 July 1330 against the Serbs.[5]
Ivan Stephen13301331Son of Michael III Shishman. Deposed in March 1331 and fled to Serbia.[6] Might have died in 1373.
Ivan Alexander13311371Bolyar of Lovech. Descended of the Asen, Terter and Shishman dynasties. Second Golden Age of Bulgarian culture. Died of natural death on 17 February 1371, leaving Bulgaria divided among his sons.[5]
Ivan Shishman13711393Fourth son of Ivan Alexander. Beheaded by the Ottomans on 3 June 1395.[7]

Principality of Valona

Portrait Name From Until Short description
Komnenos13461363Brother of tsar Ivan Alexander.
Alexander13631368Son of prince Komnenos.
Komnena13681396Daughter of prince Komnenos. Married with Balša II Balšić (1372–1385), Lord of Kanina and Valona, and eventually Duke of Albania.

Principality of Serres

Portrait Name From Until Short description
Helena13551367Daughter of Sratsimir of Kran and Keratsa Petritsa and the sister of Tsar Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria.

Notes

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Shishman dynasty.

^ a: Only Ivan Alexander and Ivan Shishman claimed the title Emperor of all Bulgarians and Greeks.
^ a: The numbers designate which wife each child was born to.

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 Павлов, Пламен (2005). "Метежници и претенденти за търновската царска корона през XIV в.". Бунтари и авантюристи в средновековна България (in Bulgarian). Варна: LiterNet.
  2. Vásáry, István. Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185-1365 (PDF). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-83756-1.
  3. Павлов, Пламен (2007-06-15). "Щрихи към портрета на Вселенския патриарх Йосиф ІІ" (in Bulgarian). Nobility BG. Retrieved 2008-08-25.
  4. Andreev, p. 298
  5. 1 2 Andreev, p. 263
  6. Andreev, p. 267
  7. Andreev, p. 286

Sources

References

External links

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