List of World Heritage Sites in Russia

This a list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Russia. Currently, there are 26 World Heritage Sites in Russia.^[1] 16 properties are cultural and 10 are natural. 24 more properties are on UNESCO's tentative list.^[2]

List of World Heritage Sites

Komi Forests

Lake Baikal

Volcanoes of Kamchatka

Altai Mountains

Western Caucasus

Sikhote-Alin

Uvs Nuur Basin

Wrangel Island

Putorana Plateau

Lena Pillars

Saint Petersburg

Kizhi Pogost

Moscow Kremlin and Red Square, Novodevichy Convent, Kolomenskoye

Veliky Novgorod

Solovetsky Islands

Vladimir and Suzdal

Trinity Sergius Lavra

Kazan Kremlin

Ferapontov Monastery

Curonian Spit

Derbent

Yaroslavl

  Struve Geodetic Arc

Bolgar

Location of UNESCO World Heritage Sites within Russia
Legend: World Cultural Heritage Site; World Natural Heritage Site

The table lists information about each World Heritage Site:

Name: as listed by the World Heritage Committee^[1]

Location: city (surrounding or nearest, if applicable), Federal subject, coordinates

Period: time period of significance, typically of construction

Description: brief description of the site

Year listed: the year the site was inscribed on the World Heritage List

Criteria: the criteria the site was listed under

Reference number: UNESCO site reference number

Name	Image	Location	Period	Description	Year listed	Criteria	Ref. num.
Natural
Virgin Komi Forests		Komi Republic 65°4′0″N 60°9′0″E / 65.06667°N 60.15000°E	–	The Virgin Komi Forests cover 3.28 million ha of tundra and mountain tundra in the Urals, as well as one of the most extensive areas of virgin boreal forest remaining in Europe. This vast area of conifers, aspens, birches, peat bogs, rivers and natural lakes has been monitored and studied for over 50 years. It provides valuable evidence of the natural processes affecting biodiversity in the taiga.	1995	vii, ix	719
Lake Baikal		Irkutsk Oblast and Buryatia 53°10′25″N 107°39′45″E / 53.17361°N 107.66250°E	–	Situated in south-east Siberia, the 3.15-million-ha Lake Baikal is the oldest (25 million years) and deepest (1,700 m) lake in the world. It contains 20% of the world's total unfrozen freshwater reserve. Known as the 'Galapagos of Russia', its age and isolation have produced one of the world's richest and most unusual freshwater faunas, which is of exceptional value to evolutionary science.	1996	vii, viii, ix, x	754
Volcanoes of Kamchatka		Kamchatka Krai 56°20′0″N 158°30′0″E / 56.33333°N 158.50000°E	–	This is one of the most outstanding volcanic regions in the world, with a high density of active volcanoes, a variety of types, and a wide range of related features. The six sites included in the serial designation group together the majority of volcanic features of the Kamchatka peninsula. The interplay of active volcanoes and glaciers forms a dynamic landscape of great beauty. The sites contain great species diversity, including the world's largest known variety of salmonoid fish and exceptional concentrations of sea otter, brown bear and Steller's sea eagle.	1996	vii, viii, ix, x	765
Golden Mountains of Altai		Altai Republic 50°28′0″N 86°0′0″E / 50.46667°N 86.00000°E	–	The Altai mountains in southern Siberia form the major mountain range in the western Siberia biogeographic region and provide the source of its greatest rivers – the Ob and the Irtysh. Three separate areas are inscribed: Altaisky Zapovednik and a buffer zone around Lake Teletskoye; Katunsky Zapovednik and a buffer zone around Mount Belukha; and the Ukok Quiet Zone on the Ukok plateau. The total area covers 1,611,457 ha. The region represents the most complete sequence of altitudinal vegetation zones in central Siberia, from steppe, forest-steppe, mixed forest, subalpine vegetation to alpine vegetation. The site is also an important habitat for endangered animal species such as the snow leopard.	1998	x	768
Western Caucasus		Krasnodar Krai and Adygea 44°0′0″N 40°0′0″E / 44.00000°N 40.00000°E	–	The Western Caucasus, extending over 275,000 ha of the extreme western end of the Caucasus mountains and located 50 km north-east of the Black Sea, is one of the few large mountain areas of Europe that has not experienced significant human impact. Its subalpine and alpine pastures have only been grazed by wild animals, and its extensive tracts of undisturbed mountain forests, extending from the lowlands to the subalpine zone, are unique in Europe. The site has a great diversity of ecosystems, with important endemic plants and wildlife, and is the place of origin and reintroduction of the mountain subspecies of the European bison.	1999	ix, x	900
Central Sikhote-Alin		Primorsky Krai 45°20′0″N 136°10′0″E / 45.33333°N 136.16667°E	–	The Sikhote-Alin mountain range contains one the richest and most unusual temperate forests of the world. In this mixed zone between taiga and subtropics, southern species such as the tiger and Himalayan bear cohabit with northern species such as the brown bear and lynx. The site stretches from the peaks of Sikhote-Alin to the Sea of Japan and is important for the survival of many endangered species such as the Amur tiger.	2001	x	766
Uvs Nuur Basin [n 1]		Tuva 50°16′30″N 92°43′11″E / 50.27500°N 92.71972°E	–	The Uvs Nuur Basin (1,068,853 ha), is the northernmost of the enclosed basins of Central Asia. It takes its name from Uvs Nuur Lake, a large, shallow and very saline lake, important for migrating birds, waterfowl and seabirds. The site is made up of twelve protected areas representing the major biomes of eastern Eurasia. The steppe ecosystem supports a rich diversity of birds and the desert is home to a number of rare gerbil, jerboas and the marbled polecat. The mountains are an important refuge for the globally endangered snow leopard, mountain sheep (argali) and the Asiatic ibex.	2003	ix, x	769
Natural System of Wrangel Island Reserve		Chukotka Autonomous Okrug 71°11′20″N 179°42′55″W / 71.18889°N 179.71528°W	–	Located well above the Arctic Circle, the site includes the mountainous Wrangel Island (7,608 km2), Herald Island (11 km2) and surrounding waters. Wrangel was not glaciated during the Quaternary Ice Age, resulting in exceptionally high levels of biodiversity for this region. The island boasts the world’s largest population of Pacific walrus and the highest density of ancestral polar bear dens. It is a major feeding ground for the grey whale migrating from Mexico and the northernmost nesting ground for 100 migratory bird species, many endangered. Currently, 417 species and subspecies of vascular plants have been identified on the island, double that of any other Arctic tundra territory of comparable size and more than any other Arctic island. Some species are derivative of widespread continental forms, others are the result of recent hybridization, and 23 are endemic.	2004	ix, x	1023
Putorana Plateau		Krasnoyarsk Krai 69°2′49″N 94°9′29″E / 69.04694°N 94.15806°E	–	This site coincides with the area of the Putoransky State Nature Reserve, and is located in the central part of the Putorana Plateau in northern Central Siberia. It is situated about 100 km north of the Arctic Circle. The part of the plateau inscribed on the World Heritage List harbours a complete set of subarctic and arctic ecosystems in an isolated mountain range, including pristine taiga, forest tundra, tundra and arctic desert systems, as well as untouched cold-water lake and river systems. A major reindeer migration route crosses the property, which represents an exceptional, large-scale and increasingly rare natural phenomenon.	2010	vii, ix	1234
Lena Pillars Nature Park		Sakha Republic 60°40′0″N 127°0′0″E / 60.66667°N 127.00000°E	–	Lena Pillars Nature Park is marked by spectacular rock pillars that reach a height of approximately 100 m along the banks of the Lena River in the central part of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). They were produced by the region's extreme continental climate with an annual temperature range of almost 100 degrees Celsius (from –60 °C in winter to +40 °C in summer). The pillars form rocky buttresses isolated from each other by deep and steep gullies developed by frost shattering directed along intervening joints. Penetration of water from the surface has facilitated cryogenic processes (freeze-thaw action), which have widened gullies between pillars leading to their isolation. Fluvial processes are also critical to the pillars. The site also contains a wealth of Cambrian fossil remains of numerous species, some of them unique.	2012	viii	1299
Cultural
Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments		Saint Petersburg 59°57′0″N 30°19′6″E / 59.95000°N 30.31833°E	18th century on	The 'Venice of the North', with its numerous canals and more than 400 bridges, is the result of a vast urban project begun in 1703 under Peter the Great. Later known as Leningrad (in the former USSR), the city is closely associated with the October Revolution. Its architectural heritage reconciles the very different Baroque and pure neoclassical styles, as can be seen in the Admiralty, the Winter Palace, the Marble Palace and the Hermitage.	1990	i, ii, iv, vi	540
Kizhi Pogost		Republic of Karelia 62°4′17″N 35°13′39″E / 62.07139°N 35.22750°E	18th–19th century	The pogost of Kizhi (i.e. the Kizhi enclosure) is located on one of the many islands in Lake Onega, in Karelia. Two 18th-century wooden churches, and an octagonal clock tower, also in wood and built in 1862, can be seen there. These unusual constructions, in which carpenters created a bold visionary architecture, perpetuate an ancient model of parish space and are in harmony with the surrounding landscape.	1990	i, iv, v	544
Moscow Kremlin and Red Square		Moscow 55°44′45″N 37°37′47″E / 55.74583°N 37.62972°E	14th–20th century	Inextricably linked to all the most important historical and political events in Russia since the 13th century, the Kremlin (built between the 14th and 17th centuries by outstanding Russian and foreign architects) was the residence of the Great Prince and also a religious centre. At the foot of its ramparts, on Red Square, St Basil's Basilica is one of the most beautiful Russian Orthodox monuments.	1990	i, ii, iv, vi	545
Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings		Novgorod Oblast 58°32′0″N 31°17′0″E / 58.53333°N 31.28333°E	11th–17th century	Situated on the ancient trade route between Central Asia and northern Europe, Novgorod was Russia's first capital in the 9th century. Surrounded by churches and monasteries, it was a centre for Orthodox spirituality as well as Russian architecture. Its medieval monuments and the 14th-century frescoes of Theophanes the Greek (Andrei Rublev's teacher) illustrate the development of its remarkable architecture and cultural creativity.	1992	ii, iv, vi	604
Cultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands		Solovetsky Islands, Arkhangelsk Oblast 65°5′0″N 35°40′0″E / 65.08333°N 35.66667°E	16th-17th century	The Solovetsky archipelago comprises six islands in the western part of the White Sea, covering 300 km2 . They have been inhabited since the 5th century B.C. and important traces of a human presence from as far back as the 5th millennium B.C. can be found there. The archipelago has been the site of fervent monastic activity since the 15th century, and there are several churches dating from the 16th to the 19th century.	1992	iv	632
White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal		Vladimir Oblast 56°9′0″N 40°25′0″E / 56.15000°N 40.41667°E 56°25′0″N 40°26′0″E / 56.41667°N 40.43333°E	12th–13th century	These two artistic centres in central Russia hold an important place in the country's architectural history. There are a number of magnificent 12th- and 13th-century public and religious buildings, above all the masterpieces of the Collegiate Church of St Demetrios and the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Virgin.	1992	i, ii, iv	633
Architectural Ensemble of the Trinity Sergius Lavra		Sergiyev Posad, Moscow Oblast 56°18′37.26″N 38°7′52.32″E / 56.3103500°N 38.1312000°E	15th century on	This is a fine example of a working Orthodox monastery, with military features that are typical of the 15th to the 18th century, the period during which it developed. The main church of the Lavra, the Cathedral of the Assumption (echoing the Kremlin Cathedral of the same name), contains the tomb of Boris Godunov. Among the treasures of the Lavra is the famous icon, The Trinity, by Andrei Rublev.	1993	ii, iv	657
Church of the Ascension, Kolomenskoye		Kolomenskoye, Moscow 55°39′20″N 37°40′26″E / 55.65556°N 37.67389°E	16th century	The Church of the Ascension was built in 1532 on the imperial estate of Kolomenskoye, near Moscow, to celebrate the birth of the prince who was to become Tsar Ivan IV ('the Terrible'). One of the earliest examples of a traditional wooden tent-roofed church on a stone and brick substructure, it had a great influence on the development of Russian ecclesiastical architecture.	1994	ii	634
Historic and Architectural Complex of the Kazan Kremlin		Kazan, Tatarstan 55°47′28″N 49°5′42″E / 55.79111°N 49.09500°E	16th century on	Built on an ancient site, the Kazan Kremlin dates from the Muslim period of the Golden Horde and the Kazan Khanate. It was conquered by Ivan the Terrible in 1552 and became the Christian See of the Volga Land. The only surviving Tatar fortress in Russia and an important place of pilgrimage, the Kazan Kremlin consists of an outstanding group of historic buildings dating from the 16th to 19th centuries, integrating remains of earlier structures of the 10th to 16th centuries.	2000	ii, iii, iv	980
Ensemble of the Ferapontov Monastery		Vologda Oblast 59°57′0″N 38°34′0″E / 59.95000°N 38.56667°E	15th-17th century	The Ferapontov Monastery, in the Vologda region in northern Russia, is an exceptionally well-preserved and complete example of a Russian Orthodox monastic complex of the 15th-17th centuries, a period of great significance in the development of the unified Russian state and its culture. The architecture of the monastery is outstanding in its inventiveness and purity. The interior is graced by the magnificent wall paintings of Dionisy, the greatest Russian artist of the end of the 15th century.	2000	i, iv	982
Curonian Spit [n 2]		Kaliningrad Oblast 55°16′28.488″N 20°57′44.604″E / 55.27458000°N 20.96239000°E	19th century on	Human habitation of this elongated sand dune peninsula, 98 km long and 0.4–4 km wide, dates back to prehistoric times. Throughout this period it has been threatened by the natural forces of wind and waves. Its survival to the present day has been made possible only as a result of ceaseless human efforts to combat the erosion of the Spit, dramatically illustrated by continuing stabilisation and reforestation projects.	2000	v	994
Citadel, Ancient City and Fortress Buildings of Derbent		Derbent, Dagestan 42°3′10.7″N 48°17′49.9″E / 42.052972°N 48.297194°E	6th century on	The Citadel, Ancient City and Fortress Buildings of Derbent were part of the northern lines of the Sasanian Persian Empire, which extended east and west of the Caspian Sea. The fortification was built in stone. It consisted of two parallel walls that formed a barrier from the seashore up to the mountain. The town of Derbent was built between these two walls, and has retained part of its medieval fabric. The site continued to be of great strategic importance until the 19th century.	2003	iii, iv	1070
Ensemble of the Novodevichy Convent		Moscow 55°43′34″N 37°33′18.3″E / 55.72611°N 37.555083°E	16th-17th century	The Novodevichy Convent, in south-western Moscow, built in the 16th and 17th centuries in the so-called Moscow Baroque style, was part of a chain of monastic ensembles that were integrated into the defence system of the city. The convent was directly associated with the political, cultural and religious history of Russia, and closely linked to the Moscow Kremlin. It was used by women of the Tsar’s family and the aristocracy. Members of the Tsar’s family and entourage were also buried in its cemetery. The convent provides an example of the highest accomplishments of Russian architecture with rich interiors and an important collection of paintings and artefacts.	2004	i, iv, vi	1097
Historic Centre of the City of Yaroslavl		Yaroslavl, Yaroslavl Oblast 57°39′10″N 39°52′34″E / 57.65278°N 39.87611°E	16th century on	Situated at the confluence of the Volga and Kotorosl Rivers some 250 km north-east of Moscow, the historic city of Yaroslavl developed into a major commercial centre from the 11th century. It is renowned for its numerous 17th-century churches and is an outstanding example of the urban planning reform Empress Catherine the Great ordered for the whole of Russia in 1763. While keeping some of its significant historic structures, the town was renovated in the neoclassical style on a radial urban master plan. It has also kept elements from the 16th century in the Spassky Monastery, one of the oldest in the Upper Volga region, built on the site of a pagan temple in the late 12th century but reconstructed over time.	2005	ii, iv	1170
Struve Geodetic Arc [n 3]		Gogland, Leningrad Oblast 60°5′7″N 26°57′40″E / 60.08528°N 26.96111°E	19th century	The Struve Arc is a chain of survey triangulations stretching from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black Sea, through 10 countries and over 2,820 km. These are points of a survey, carried out between 1816 and 1855 by the astronomer Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Struve, which represented the first accurate measuring of a long segment of a meridian. This helped to establish the exact size and shape of the planet and marked an important step in the development of earth sciences and topographic mapping. It is an extraordinary example of scientific collaboration among scientists from different countries, and of collaboration between monarchs for a scientific cause. The original arc consisted of 258 main triangles with 265 main station points. The listed site includes 34 of the original station points, with different markings, i.e. a drilled hole in rock, iron cross, cairns, or built obelisks.	2005	ii, iii, vi	1187
Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex		Tatarstan 54°58′44″N 49°03′23″E / 54.97889°N 49.05639°E	13th century on	This property lies on the shores of the Volga River, south of its confluence with the River Kama, and south of the capital of Tatarstan, Kazan. It contains evidence of the medieval city of Bolgar, an early settlement of the civilization of Volga-Bolgars, which existed between the 7th and the 15th centuries, and was the first capital of the Golden Horde in the 13th century. Bolgar represents the historical cultural exchanges and transformations of Eurasia over several centuries that played a pivotal role in the formation of civilizations, customs and cultural traditions. The property provides remarkable evidence of historic continuity and cultural diversity. It is a symbolic reminder of the acceptance of Islam by the Volga-Bolgars in 922 AD and remains a sacred, pilgrimage destination to the Tatar Muslims.	2014	ii, iv	981

1. shared with Mongolia
2. shared with Lithuania
3. shared with Belarus, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norway, Sweden, Ukraine

Tentative list

Daursky Reserve

Commander Islands

Magadansky Reserve

Krasnoyarsk Stolby

Vasyugan Swamp

Ilmensky Mountains

Bikin River

Valaam

Bashkir Ural

Kenozero Lake

Jeyrakh–Assa Reservation

Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, Sheremetev's Shelter, Izmaylovo Estate

Sviyazhsk

Irkutsk

Rostov Kremlin

Yeniseysk

Uglich Kremlin,
Church of Dimitri

Pskov Kremlin

Sikachi-Alyan

Astrakhan Kremlin

Tanais

Location of UNESCO Tentative list World Heritage Sites within Russia
Legend: World Cultural Heritage Site; World Natural Heritage Site; World Cultural & Natural Heritage Site

There are currently twenty-four properties in the tentative list.^[2]

The sites are sorted in the chronological order of their addition to the tentative list.

Name	Image	Location	Period	Year submit.	Criteria	Ref. num.
Natural
Daurian Steppes (Daursky State Biosphere Reserve)		Zabaykalsky Krai 50°03′37″N 115°39′07″E / 50.06028°N 115.65194°E	–	2005	x	1996
The Commander Islands (Komandorsky Nature Reserve)		Kamchatka Krai 55°N 167°E / 55°N 167°E	–	2005	vii, viii, ix, x	1997
Magadan Nature Reserve (ru)		Magadan Oblast 61°25′N 141°0′E / 61.417°N 141.000°E	–	2005	vii, viii, ix, x	1998
Krasnoyarsk Stolby (ru)		Krasnoyarsk Krai 55°57′40″N 92°48′25″E / 55.96111°N 92.80694°E	–	2007	vii, viii, ix, x	5113
The Great Vasyugan Mire		Tomsk Oblast, Novosibirsk Oblast, Omsk Oblast 56°58′51″N 79°41′24″E / 56.98083°N 79.69000°E	–	2007	vii, viii, ix, x	5114
The Ilmensky Mountains (ru)		Chelyabinsk Oblast 55°09′N 60°15′E / 55.150°N 60.250°E	–	2008	vi, vii, viii	5388
Bikin River Valley (Extension of the "Central Sikhote-Alin")		Primorsky Krai 46°39′N 135°27′E / 46.650°N 135.450°E	–	2010	x	5571
Mixed
The Valamo archipelago		Karelia 61°23′20″N 30°56′49″E / 61.38889°N 30.94694°E	19th century on	1996	(mixed)	572
Bashkir Ural (ru)		Bashkortostan 53°08′30″N 57°00′30″E / 53.14167°N 57.00833°E	–	2012	i, iii, v, vi, viii, x	5666
Testament of Kenozero Lake		Arkhangelsk Oblast 62°N 38°E / 62°N 38°E	–	2014	iii, iv, v, vi, vii	5922
Cultural
Historical and Cultural Jeyrakh–Assa Reservation		Ingushetia 42°49′N 44°40′E / 42.817°N 44.667°E	5th century B. C. – 17th century	1996	(cultural)	569
The architectural and historical complex "Shelter of count N. P. Cheremetev" (ru)		Moscow 55°45′58″N 37°37′58″E / 55.76611°N 37.63278°E	17th–18th century	1996	i, iii, vi	571
The ensemble of former city building of Sviyazhsk		Tatarstan 55°46′N 48°39′E / 55.767°N 48.650°E	16th century on	1998	(cultural)	1111
Historic Centre of Irkutsk		Irkutsk Oblast 52°18′N 104°17′E / 52.300°N 104.283°E	19th century on	1998	(cultural)	1166
Cathedral of Christ the Saviour		Moscow 55°45′N 37°37′E / 55.750°N 37.617°E	1994–1997	1998	ii, vi	1168
Rostov Kremlin (ru)		Yaroslavl Oblast 57°11′N 39°25′E / 57.183°N 39.417°E	17th century	1998	ii, iii, iv, vi	1185
Historic Centre of Yeniseysk		Krasnoyarsk Krai 58°37′23″N 92°09′16″E / 58.62306°N 92.15444°E	17th century on	2000	ii, iii, iv	1460
Church of Prince Dimitri "On Blood" (ru) [t 1]		Uglich, Yaroslavl Oblast 57°31′43″N 38°19′01″E / 57.52861°N 38.31694°E	17th century	2001	i, ii, iv	1518
Great Pskov [t 2]		Pskov Oblast 57°49′34″N 28°19′36″E / 57.82611°N 28.32667°E	10th century on	2002	i, ii, iv	1638
Petroglyphs of Sikachi-Alyan (ru)		Khabarovsk Krai 48°45′N 135°39′E / 48.750°N 135.650°E	13,000 B. C. – 3,000 B. C.	2003	(cultural)	1787
Ensemble of Astrakhan Kremlin [t 3]		Astrakhan, Astrakhan Oblast 46°20′50″N 48°02′00″E / 46.34722°N 48.03333°E	16th–19th century	2008	ii, iii, iv	5368
The archeological site of Tanais		Rostov Oblast 47°16′14″N 39°20′39″E / 47.27056°N 39.34417°E	3rd century B. C. – 5th century A. D.	2009	ii, iii, v	5422
Russian Kremlins: Ensemble of the Astrakhan Kremlin,[t 3] Ensemble of the Uglich Kremlin (ru),[t 1] Ensemble of the Pskov Kremlin[t 2]		Astrakhan Oblast 46°20′50″N 48°02′00″E / 46.34722°N 48.03333°E, Yaroslavl Oblast 57°31′43″N 38°19′01″E / 57.52861°N 38.31694°E, Pskov Oblast 57°49′34″N 28°19′36″E / 57.82611°N 28.32667°E	10th century on	2010	ii, iii, iv	5517
Architectural and Park Ensemble "Tsar's Country Estate Izmaylovo"		Moscow 55°47′31.88″N 37°45′40.31″E / 55.7921889°N 37.7611972°E	17th–19th century	2011	ii, iv	5622

1. Church of Prince Dimitri "On Blood" is submitted both separately and as a part of Uglich Kremlin
2. Pskov Kremlin is submitted both as a part of Great Pskov and jointly with Russian Kremlins
3. Astrakhan Kremlin is submitted both separately and jointly with Russian Kremlins

See also

• List of World Heritage Sites in Europe
• List of World Heritage Sites in Asia

References

1. "Russian Federation". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 2014-06-25.
2. "Tentative list of the Russian Federation". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 2014-06-25.