Blackout convention

Blackout is a convention for responding to a reverse bid, whereby the responder can show whether or not he has any better than a minimum response. The responder bids the lower of the fourth suit or 2NT to show a hand that has no game interest opposite a reverse. All other bids show reasonable hands, generally in the eight point range. The objective of Blackout is to allow the constructive game going hands to slow down the auction and give more room for the strong auctions that may lead to potential slams.

Responder then rebids as follows:

Examples

Auction A
NorthSouth
11
2?
South's Rebid Options
BidMeaning
2artificial: exactly 4-cards -suit, and minimum hand for 1
25+ -suit, forcing one-round, but does not promise any extra strength
2NTartificial: exactly 4-cards -suit and is game-forcing, but hand not suitable for any higher bid
3game-forcing with 3+ -support. At least mild slam-try
3game-forcing with 4+ -support. At least mild slam-try
3game-forcing with 6+ -suit
3NTnatural with stopper in 4th suit
Auction B
NorthSouth
11
2?
South's Rebid Options
BidMeaning
25+ -suit, forcing one-round, but does not promise any extra strength
2NTartificial: exactly 4-cards -suit, and minimum hand for 1
3artificial: exactly 4-cards -suit and is game-forcing, but hand not suitable for any higher bid
3game-forcing with 3+ -support. At least mild slam-try
3game-forcing with 4+ -support. At least mild slam-try
3game-forcing with 6+ -suit
3NTnatural with stopper in 4th suit

Variation

An alternate scheme:[1]

  1. After a reverse, the cheaper of fourth suit and 2NT is forcing, showing a relatively weak hand. Opener bids the next bid upwards unless he has game values.
  2. If a rebid of responder's suit would be cheaper than fourth suit then it is non-forcing.
  3. Other bids are natural and game forcing.
  4. Responder's 3NT rebid after bidding the cheaper of fourth suit and 2NT is a mild non-forcing slam try in opener's first suit.

Deficiencies

The scenario wherein Blackout would be invoked occurs rarely and so the foregoing conventional meanings attached to various responder bids are likely to be forgotten.

The following is a critique of Blackout:[2]

There are a number of conventional treatments and Blackout is the best known. In its simplest form, when responder’s second bid is the cheaper of 2NT or the fourth suit it is “Blackout” advising partner that the bidder is minimum, all other continuations are game forcing. There are several variations on this theme, reverse Blackout for example. These are my criticisms.... So much more commonly will the partnership be at the limit of its resources, simple bids like a return to opener’s first suit or a repeat of responder’s are better played as natural and non-forcing. The opener has begun to describe his hand, in fact he has, generally, placed nine or more of his cards in two suits. A strong responder should be able, through 2NT, to allow opener to continue to describe, to find the perfect fit whenever it exists, search out the best game or make a slam investigation. Using 2NT as the prime means of continuing with strong hands is simple, and it frees up other bids, even in the fourth suit, as natural and limited. Mis-fit hands can be diagnosed quickly and the level kept low. To use a new suit bid for no other purpose than to announce a bad hand is self-evidently wasteful. Having at your disposal, means of getting out cheaply and accurately, permits opener to reverse, and thereby not conceal his actual shape, on any hand above the minimum re-bid range.

See also

References

  1. Newsgroups discussion
  2. George Cuppaidge article in the Queensland Bridge Association Bulletin, September–October 2009.
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