1993 Formula One season
| 1993 FIA Formula One World Championship |
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| Drivers' Champion: Alain Prost Constructors' Champion: Williams-Renault | |||
| Previous: | 1992 | Next: | 1994 |
The 1993 Formula One season was the 44th season of FIA Formula One motor racing. It featured the 1993 FIA Formula One World Championship, which commenced on 14 March 1993 and ended on 7 November after sixteen races. Alain Prost won his fourth Drivers' world championship, and Williams-Renault retained their Constructors' world title.
The 1993 Formula One calendar saw the return of the European Grand Prix after a nine-year absence; the race was held at Donington Park, the only time it has hosted an F1 race. The only exit was the Mexican Grand Prix, after seven years at the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico City, due to safety concerns with the circuit's very bumpy surface.
This season was significant in F1 history as it was when the cars were at the very height of electronics technology use; this year saw some of the most advanced and sophisicated Formula One cars ever built. For example, the championship winning Williams-Renault FW15C had in addition to its highly advanced hydrualically controlled active suspension a plethora of electronics aboard, including anti-lock brakes, fly-by-wire controls, traction control, a semi-automatic gearbox that could be switched over to fully automatic, power steering, highly sophisicated on-board telemetry, pneumatic valve springs in the engine, and even a "push to pass" system that made overtaking easier for drivers Alain Prost and Damon Hill- this system had the active suspension raise the back of the car at speed and raised the engine up 300 revs so the car would be faster down the straights due to a slight lack of downforce than before- one could say this was a precursor to DRS. Williams also tested a continuously variable transmission but this system was banned as well. Nearly all cars in 1993 had an active suspension system, which kept the car's ride height consistent all throughout a lap, which made the aerodynamics of the car far more effective. Although widely considered not to be a driver aid, this system and all the aforementioned systems except for telemetry and pneumatic valve springs were banned for the 1994 season.
After the season, Prost left Williams and retired from Grand Prix racing, with title runner-up Ayrton Senna replacing him. Since Senna would fatally crash early on the next season, the 1993 season saw the last wins for these two drivers that had dominated Formula One for several years, winning seven of the nine titles between 1985 and 1993. Prost became the first Formula One driver to win 50 Grands Prix in the British Grand Prix. Senna had a memorable season in spite of falling short of the title, winning his home race, a remarkable win dominating at Donington Park[1] and a record-breaking fifth consecutive Monaco Grand Prix win. Nevertheless, Prost's Williams retained its pace advantage of the previous season and he was in full control of the title race from mid-season onwards. 1993 also marked the first three wins of Damon Hill, who won three races on the trot in his first full Formula One season at the age of 33.
Drivers and Constructors
The following teams and drivers competed in the 1993 FIA Formula One World Championship.
- ^1 With the departure of reigning champion Nigel Mansell, car number 1 was not assigned; Damon Hill ran with number 0.
Pre-season
1993 saw a major shake-up of drivers, especially among the top teams. Across the grid a number of experienced drivers retired or moved to other series and new faces emerged.
- Williams completed the signing of Alain Prost who was returning to the sport after a "sabbatical" year. Team owner Frank Williams would not guarantee Nigel Mansell the number 1 driver status in the team next to the triple World Champion Prost, despite Mansell being the reigning World Champion, so Mansell opted not to remain with the team to defend his title and moved to IndyCar racing in the US. Prost's team-mate would be Damon Hill, son of Graham Hill and Williams's test driver in 1992 (Hill also raced for the Brabham team in 1992). The absence of the defending champion meant that Williams could not use the number 1 on their cars, so the number 0 was used instead, by Hill, while Prost used the number 2.
- Uncertainty surrounded the McLaren team, whose iconic driver Ayrton Senna was reluctant to re-sign for 1993 as Honda had withdrawn from the sport and the team were not expected to be competitive with customer Ford engines. McLaren signed Michael Andretti, a successful IndyCar driver and son of 1978 World Champion Mario Andretti, and Mika Häkkinen, who had impressed for Lotus in 1991 and 1992. Senna eventually signed on a race-by-race basis and was partnered by Andretti until the Italian Grand Prix. Häkkinen became the team's test driver and stepped up to take Andretti's place after the American left the team.
- Benetton retained Michael Schumacher, but lost Martin Brundle who was replaced after numerous run-ins and disagreements with team manager Flavio Briatore. Taking the second seat at Benetton was the most experienced driver in Formula One, Italian veteran Riccardo Patrese, who was released by Williams after just over five seasons with the team, despite having finished runner up to Mansell in the Drivers' Championship in 1992.
- Ferrari retained Jean Alesi, but Ivan Capelli and Nicola Larini had both disappointed in 1992 and so Gerhard Berger returned to the team after three years at McLaren. Larini returned to his previous role as test driver for the team.
- Lotus retained Johnny Herbert and took on Alessandro Zanardi, who replaced Häkkinen. When Zanardi had a huge crash in the Belgian Grand Prix, he was replaced by Portuguese newcomer Pedro Lamy.
- Tyrrell retained Andrea de Cesaris and took on Japan's Ukyo Katayama, who moved from Larrousse.
- Ligier reunited British drivers Martin Brundle and Mark Blundell: the two had previously driven for Brabham in 1991, but to the relief of commentators everywhere had seldom troubled the TV coverage. This was the first, and only, time in Ligier's history that they did not have a French driver in their line-up (although they had former Larrousse driver Éric Bernard as a test driver).
- Footwork Arrows lost Michele Alboreto and replaced him with British veteran Derek Warwick, returning to the sport after two years away driving sports cars. Warwick had previously raced for Arrows from 1987-1989. Japanese driver Aguri Suzuki was retained as number two driver.
- The BMS Scuderia Italia team switched from Dallara to Lola chassis and took on five time Grand Prix winner Michele Alboreto (whose last win was eight years earlier in 1985) and newcomer, Italian Luca Badoer.
- Jordan had lost both Stefano Modena and Maurício Gugelmin who quit Formula One after a frustrating 1992. Young Brazilian Rubens Barrichello made his debut with the team, while five drivers filled the second seat: Ivan Capelli, Thierry Boutsen, Marco Apicella, test driver Emanuele Naspetti and finally Eddie Irvine. The team also switched from using Yamaha V12 engines to the new Hart V10. Hart was making their F1 return with Jordan after last being in Grand Prix racing in 1986 with their 4 cyl 1.5L turbocharged 415T.
- Larrousse lost both Ukyo Katayama and Bertrand Gachot. Therefore, they signed Philippe Alliot (returning to the team after driving for Larrousse from 1987-1989) and Érik Comas, who moved from Ligier. Toshio Suzuki replaced Alliot in Japan and Australia.
- Minardi retained Christian Fittipaldi, and took on Fabrizio Barbazza, who was later replaced by Pierluigi Martini, returning for his third stint with the team after spending 1992 with BMS Scuderia Italia. Martini had unsuccessfully driven for Minardi in the team's debut year (1985), and later from 1988-1991 where at times he had proved a revelation in underpowered cars. Fittipaldi on the other hand was replaced by Jean-Marc Gounon for the final two races of the season.
- The Swiss Sauber team were the only new entry to the grid in 1993, with much-publicized backing from German car manufacturer Mercedes-Benz, who were funding the team's engine supplier, Ilmor. The engines were badged as "Saubers" for their debut season (under the instruction of Mercedes). "Concept by Mercedes-Benz" decals were placed on the car's engine cover. Their drivers were Finland's JJ Lehto, who signed from BMS Scuderia Italia, and Austria's Karl Wendlinger, who had impressed with March in 1992. Wendlinger was also part of Sauber-Mercedes sportscar programme prior joining Formula One.
- This was the second of 2 seasons (the other being 1992) in Formula One's history where the calendar had races on all 6 inhabited continents (1 race each in Asia, Oceania, South America, Africa, and North America; and 11 in Europe).
In all, only seven drivers who lined up on the grid in South Africa were with the same team they had been with the previous year: Senna, Schumacher, Alesi, Herbert, de Cesaris, Suzuki and Fittipaldi.
The worldwide recession of the early 1990s had taken its toll: the March and Fondmetal teams had folded in the off-season, while Brabham and Andrea Moda Formula had failed to complete the 1992 season. Thus, there were only 13 teams on the grid at the opening race of 1993, in South Africa. In addition, numerous car number changes had taken place:
- Williams used the numbers 0 and 2, as described above.
- Benetton took the numbers 5 and 6, which Williams had used since 1984
- McLaren took the numbers 7 and 8, vacated by Brabham.
- Jordan took the numbers 14 and 15, vacated by Fondmetal.
- Larrousse took the numbers 19 and 20, which Benetton and its predecessor Toleman had used since 1984.
- New team Sauber took the numbers 29 and 30, which Larrousse had used since 1987. These were now the highest numbers.
- The numbers 16 and 17, vacated by March, remained vacant until 1995.
Rule changes
The year saw the qualifying system change. With only 26 cars, it was decided that the fastest 24 would be permitted to start the race. The teams unanimously chose to raise this to 25 to ensure that every team could qualify at least one car, which mainly benefitted BMS Scuderia Italia. Furthermore, from the Brazilian Grand Prix onwards, all drivers could only do 12 laps each in both qualifying sessions.[2]
Two changes were implemented to the cars in order to reduce cornering speeds.[3] The first was the reduction of the cars' track, making them slightly narrower than in 1992; the second was a considerable reduction in tyre width (particularly the rears), so as to provide less grip than the previously 'fat' slicks.
Race-by-Race
Round 1: South Africa
The season began in Kyalami, where Prost took pole position ahead of Senna in second. Prost had a poor start and with Senna and Hill overtaking him. Hill spun in front of Prost and lost position, while Prost let Schumacher through into second position. Senna led ahead of Schumacher by the end of the first lap.
Prost overtook Schumacher for second place on lap thirteen. On lap eighteen Prost attempted to overtake Senna, but Senna took the defensive inside line. However, on lap twenty-five Prost overtook Senna for the lead, whilst Schumacher passed Senna for second position. Shortly after Senna and Prost pitted with Senna rejoining ahead.
Schumacher attempted to overtake Senna on lap forty but came into contact with Senna's car and spun, retiring him from the race. Patrese was holding third position when he spun on lap forty-seven as Fittipaldi passed Lehto. Prost won the race with Senna in second position, Blundell in third, Fittipaldi in fourth and Lehto in fifth.
This was the final South African Grand Prix to date.
Round 2: Brazil
Brazilian qualifying ended with a Williams front row, with Prost on pole and Hill in second. Senna qualified in third, with Schumacher in fourth and Andretti in fifth. Senna got a head of Prost at the beginning of the race as behind him Andretti collided with Berger after being challenged by Wendlinger. Andretti then hit the barriers launching him directly over Berger's car, both drivers were uninjured. This meant that they both retired from the race, as did Brundle and Barbazza.
On lap four Patrese retired due to suspension failure. Whilst Prost extended his lead, Senna was under pressure from Hill who overtook him for second place on lap eleven. On lap twenty-five Senna was given a stop-go penalty after overtaking a backmarker under yellow flags, which meant he re-entered the race behind Schumacher. Heavy rain then caused many drivers to spin with Fittipaldi and Prost retiring. Fittipaldi spun on lap thirty and as he was returning to the track Prost crashed into him. After the accident the safety car was brought out with Hill leading the race.
As the track began to dry out drivers stopped for dry tyres and during Schumacher's pit-stop his car fell off its jack. Schumacher rejoined the race behind Senna with Herbert and Blundell gaining pace. Shortly after Senna overtook Hill for first position and quickly began to pull away. Behind him Schumacher and Alesi were given stop-go penalties for overtaking under a yellow flag. Schumacher re-entered the race in fifth position and Alesi in ninth. Schumacher quickly overtook Blundell and Herbert to finish third. Senna won his first race of the season, with Hill in second position.
Round 3: Europe
After a deal to host a race at the newly constructed Autopolis circuit in Japan fell through, it was replaced with the European Grand Prix, which was held at the historic Donington Park in Leicestershire, United Kingdom, this being the first time this circuit had hosted Grand Prix cars since the late 1930s. Williams qualified 1–2 for the second race in a row, Prost once again taking pole position. Schumacher took third, Senna fourth and Wendlinger in fifth. The race began in damp conditions with Schumacher blocking Senna meaning that they both lost time to Wendlinger, who took third. During the following lap Senna overtook four cars in quick succession to lead the race. Senna took Schumacher in the third corner, Wendlinger at Craner Curves, Hill at Coppice Corner and then Prost at the Melbourne Hairpin.
Behind Senna, Schumacher passed Wendlinger quickly, but when Andretti tried to overtake Wendlinger he crashed straight into him, meaning that they both retired from the race. This accident meant that Andretti had retired from his third consecutive race due to collision damage. As the track began to dry the drivers pitted for dry tyres. Lehto retired from fifth position on lap fourteen because of handling problems. Berger moved up to fifth but also retired on lap twenty-two due to suspension problems. As it started to rain again drivers pitted for wet tyres. Schumacher decided to stay out, but crashed out from the lead due to that decision. As the track began to dry again drivers pitted once again, with Senna suffering problems meaning that the lost twenty seconds in the pit-stop, in which time Prost retook the lead.
As the rain began to fall yet again the Williams pitted for wet tyres, with Senna staying out on dry tyres. Senna's decision proved correct as the track began to dry quickly. Prost suffered a problem in the pits when the Williams pitted for dry tyres. This pushed him down into fourth position, one lap behind the leader. As it began to rain for the fourth time, Barrichello pitted, losing his second-place position to Hill. Barrichello quickly retired due to fuel pressure problems. Senna won the race (by over one minute) with Hill in second and Prost in third.
Round 4: San Marino
In San Marino Williams occupied the first two positions on the grid, with Prost taking his fourth consecutive pole position. Schumacher qualified third, Senna in fourth and Wendlinger in fifth. As the race began Prost was overtaken by Hill and Senna, Senna easily getting past Schumacher. By the end of the first lap Hill was leading, followed by Senna, Prost, Schumacher and Wendlinger.
Hill pulled away whilst Prost was stuck behind Senna. Prost overtook Senna on Lap Eight and set off in pursuit of Hill. Soon it was time for pit stops with Senna passing Prost. On Lap Seventeen Prost overtook both Hill and Senna whilst battling backmarkers. Senna also got ahead of Hill. Soon after, on Lap Twenty-One Hill retired with brake failure. As the race progressed both McLaren cars retired from the race with Andretti spinning out from fifth position on Lap Thirty-Three and ten laps later Senna retired with a hydraulic failure. Alesi, who managed to take Andretti's fifth position soon spun off because of a clutch failure.
Schumacher had made it up to second position with Wendlinger close behind, however Wendlinger retired on Lap Forty-Nine with engine failure. Prost won the race with Schumacher in second, Brundle in third, Lehto in fourth and Alliot in fifth.
Round 5: Spain
In Spain Prost once again out-qualified Hill who was in second position on the grid. In third was Senna, fourth was Schumacher and Patrese took fifth position. Hill had an exceptionally good start to the race, overtaking his pole position teammate. By the end of the first lap Hill was comfortably in the lead followed by Prost, Senna, Schumacher and Patrese.
Hill and Prost had built up a large lead by Lap Eleven and continued to move ahead through the field during the pit stops. Hill even managed to extend his lead over Prost, whilst Schumacher was beginning to challenge Senna. Schumacher attempted an overtaking manoeuvre on Senna, but instead left the track, going over a sand trap. He lost fifteen seconds, but crucially not his race position. As Hill began to close in on Prost, after losing position, Prost's Williams began to handle oddly and on Lap Forty-One Hill retired from the race due to engine failure.
The following lap Wendlinger retired from the race due to problems with his fuel system. Prost took his third victory of the season, followed by Senna, Schumacher, Patrese and Andretti.
Round 6: Monaco
At the Monaco Grand Prix Prost took pole once again, but his teammate, Hill, only managed to qualify in fourth position, failing to out-qualify Schumacher in second and Senna in third. By the end of the first lap there was no change in position at the front of the grid with Prost leading, Schumacher in second, Senna third, Hill fourth and Alesi fifth.
Shortly after Prost was penalised for jumping the start and was issued with a stop-go penalty by the stewards. He entered the pits on Lap Twelve and then stalled his car when he exited the pits. By the time he was out of the pits again he was in seventeenth position and a lap down. Schumacher was now comfortably in the lead and pulling away as Alesi allowed his teammate Berger to pass him. By Lap Thirty-Three Schumacher has slowed down considerably and then retired from the race with a hydraulics problem. Behind him however Prost was easily making his was back through the field.
As cars started pitting there was no change in order of the race leaders. However Prost had now managed to get himself into seventh position. He gained another place shortly after as Patrese retired on Lap Fifty-Four with an engine failure. Prost then passed Fittipaldi for fifth position. On Lap Seventy-One Berger attempted to overtake Hill and ended up making contact. Hill quickly rejoined the race but Berger was forced to retire. Senna won his third race of the season, followed by Hill in second, Alesi third, Prost fourth and Fittipaldi fifth.
Round 7: Canada
For the race in Canada Williams qualified first and second, with Prost taking pole position yet again. The Benetton's of Schumacher and Patrese took third and fourth positions and the two Ferrari's of Berger and Alesi taking fifth and sixth. Hill had a good start and beat Prost off the line, the Benettons were slow to start and were overtaken by Berger and Senna (Senna had qualified eight). By the end of the first lap Hill was leading followed by Prost, Berger, Senna and Schumacher.
On the second lap Senna overtook Berger to take third position. On Lap Six Prost took the lead from Hill. Shortly after Schumacher passed Berger and five laps later so did teammate Patrese. By Lap Fifteen Prost was leading followed by Hill, Senna, Schumacher and Patrese.
During the pit stops Hill encountered a problem and his pace slowed allowing Senna and Schumacher to pass him. This gave Schumacher the opportunity to chase down Senna for second position. Senna, with Schumacher closing in fast, pushed his McLaren too hard and his engine stalled, meaning he had to retire from the race. The race was won by Prost (celebrating his fourth win of the season) followed by Schumacher, Hill, Berger and Brundle.
Round 8: France
At the French Grand Prix there was a huge turnout of fans to see French driver Prost take his eighth consecutive pole position. However it was Hill that took pole position with Prost in second. Behind the Williams 1-2 were the two Ligiers of Brundle and Blundell with Senna taking fifth position on the grid. As the race started Schumacher managed to pass Alesi to get into sixth position with no change in order to the top five drivers.
The Williams cars pulled away from the rest of the pack with Brundle also pulling away from Blundell, who was keeping up Senna and Schumacher. However, on Lap Twenty-One Blundell span off under pressure from Senna and had to retire. During the mid-race pit stops Prost managed to get ahead of Hill as Senna and Schumacher closed the gap behind Brundle.
During the second set of pit stops Prost was still leading, albeit by two-tenths of a second and Senna and Schumacher overtook the Ligier of Brundle. Shortly after Schumacher passed Senna in traffic and began to pull away. Prost won the race followed by Hill, Schumacher, Senna and Brundle.
At this point in the season (halfway through) Prost was leading the World Championship with 57 points. Senna was in second with 45 points. In third place was Hill with 28 points. Schumacher took fourth place in the Championship 24 points and Brundle was in fifth place with 9 points. In the Constructors Championship Williams were easily ahead of McLaren with 85 points compared to their 48. Benetton were third with 29 points and Ligier were fourth with 15.
Round 9: Britain
As Nigel Mansell had retired from Formula One the previous year, the British crowd were rooting for Damon Hill, considering his good start to the season. The Williams cars took their usual positions on the grid, 1-2, with Prost in pole position and Hill in second. Fellow Brit Martin Brundle took sixth position on the grid with Patrese in fifth, Senna in fourth and Schumacher in third. As the race began Hill managed to get ahead of Prost and Senna got ahead of Schumacher. A very enthusiastic home crowd cheered as Hill completed the first lap in first position followed by Senna, Prost, Schumacher and Patrese.
While Hill was extending his lead both Prost and Schumacher were unable to pass Senna. Prost finally managed to overtake on the ninth lap, but Hill's lead at this point was over five seconds. On Lap Thirteen Schumacher overtook Senna for third position and quickly pulled away from the Brazilian. Prost managed to close in on Hill, narrowing the gap to three seconds during the mid-race pit stops. Shortly after Badoer crashed bringing out the Safety Car reducing the three second gap between the Williams drivers to no gap at all. Two laps after the Safety Car Hill's engine blew, meaning he had to retire from the race. Fellow Brit Brundle's engine also failed on Lap Fifty-Four.
On the final lap of the race Senna retired for the third consecutive season at Silverstone as his McLaren ran out of fuel. Prost took his sixth win of the season and the fiftieth of his career. In second position was Schumacher, Patrese third, fourth was Johnny Herbert (one of only three remaining Brit's in the race) and Senna was classified fifth.
Round 10: Germany
Williams took the front row of the grid in Hockenheim with Prost in Pole Position. Schumacher took third followed by Senna and Blundell. Prost had a poor start with Hill easily passing him as the lights went out. Senna also had a poor start, spinning, sending him to the back of the grid. He almost immediately gained a place however when Brundle also spun, at the chicane. Hill led by the end of the first lap followed by Schumacher, Prost, Blundell and Patrese.
Prost picked up speed after his poor start, passing Schumacher on Lap Six. By Lap Nine he was near Hill. However behind him Berger attempted to overtake Suzuki ending in a collision with Suzuki spinning off. The Marshals waved yellow flags and Hill slowed down slightly. Prost saw and opportunity and overtook Hill for the lead. Shortly after he was given a stop-go penalty for overtaking under yellow flag conditions, sending him down the grid and into fifth position, where he was struck from behind by Benetton of Patrese. Meanwhile, Senna was making good progress through the pack following his spin at the beginning.
Unlike the rest of the cars on the track Senna and the two Williams did not pit meaning Hill had a fifteen-second lead over Prost, with Senna up to seventh. The Brazilian soon passed Berger for sixth position and then three laps later Patrese for fifth. By the penultimate lap Prost was seven second behind Hill when his left rear tyre punctured spinning him out and bringing his retirement from the race. Prost won his seventh and final race of the season. Schumacher finished second followed by Blundell, Senna and Patrese.
Round 11: Hungary
Prost secured pole in Hungary followed by teammate Hill. Schumacher took third position on the grid followed by Senna and Patrese. On the parade lap Prost stalled meaning that he had to start the race from the back of the grid. Schumacher had a poor start to the race and was quickly passed by Senna, Berger and Patrese. By the end of the first lap Hill was leading followed by Senna, Berger, Patrese and Schumacher.
Schumacher attempted to overtake Patrese on Lap Four, but in the process spun, sending him down to tenth. Both McLaren cars were suffering with throttle problems and as Andretti slowed down in front of Schumacher on Lap Sixteen he spun again forcing him down into fourteenth position, just behind Prost who was making his way back up the field. On Lap Eighteen Senna was forced to retire with throttle problems. As cars pitted, Schumacher and the two Williams stayed out, closing the gap between Hill, Prost and Schumacher. By the end of this lap Hill was leading, followed by Patrese, Prost, Schumacher and Berger.
Shortly after Prost began suffering problems with his rear wing, forcing him to pit, rejoining the race seven laps behind. On Lap Twenty-Three Alesi spun off and retired and Patrese let Schumacher past him. This put Schumacher into second place, however three laps later he had to retire because of fuel pump problems. Berger pitted from third and rejoined the race fifth, but quickly overtook Brundle and then Warwick to reclaim third position. Hill won the race, his first ever Formula One victory. Patrese finished in second followed by Berger, Warwick and Brundle.
Round 12: Belgium
Williams took another grid 1-2 with Prost out qualifying Hill again. Schumacher qualified third, Alesi fourth and Senna fifth. At the beginning of the race Schumacher suffered another poor start allowing Alesi and Senna to pass him. By the end of the first lap Prost was leading followed by Hill, Senna, Alesi and Schumacher.
On Lap Four Alesi was forced to retire because of problems with his suspension, allowing Schumacher to take fourth position. He then set off after Senna and overtook him on Lap Ten by going on the grass to get around him. The first wave of pit stops did not change the order at the front of the pack with Prost still leading, followed by Hill, Schumacher, Senna and Suzuki. On Lap Fifteen Suzuki's gearbox failed and he had to retire from the race. Prost had trouble in the pits during his second stop meaning that Senna and Schumacher rejoined the race ahead of him.
On Lap Forty-One Prost beat the lap record while he was chasing down Schumacher discovering that since he was only one-tenth-of-a-second quicker he couldn't chase the other two down and thus had to settle for third. Hill won the race, ending the Constructors Championship, with Schumacher second, Prost third, Senna fourth and Herbert fifth.
The Belgian Grand Prix was three quarters of the way through 1993's calendar and Prost was leading the World Championship with 81 points. Senna was second with 54 points, Hill was third with 48 points, Schumacher was fourth with 42 points and Patrese was fifth with 18 points. As a result of this race Williams had won the Constructors Championship with 129 points ahead of Benetton with 60 and McLaren with 56 points.
Round 13: Italy
As usual the two Williams cars took the front two positions on the grid, with Prost again out qualifying Hill. Alesi qualified third, Senna fourth and Schumacher fifth. As the lights went out Alesi managed to get ahead of Hill and as Senna tried to do the same there was contact sending Senna into ninth place and Hill into tenth. Midway through the lap Schumacher took second position from Alesi and as they finished the first lap Prost was in the lead, followed by Schumacher, Alesi, Berger and Hebert.
At the end of Lap Eight Prost was still leading ahead of his two main Championship rivals Senna and Hill, who were both outside of the points. As Senna tried to take sixth position from Brundle they collided and the accident retired both of them from the race. Hill had gained two places as a result of the collision and was now in sixth. He gained a further two places when Johnny Herbert spun out on Lap Fifteen and Berger's suspension failed on the following lap. On Lap Eighteen he easily passed Alesi and on Lap Twenty-Two Schumacher's engine failed. This left Hill in second position and only five second behind Prost. Prost however pushed hard and Hill was unable to keep up with him.
Twenty six laps later the gap was down to two seconds, but looked like to bigger task for Hill to catch him. However, on lap 49 with less than five laps to go Prost's engine failed, meaning he had to retire from the race. Hill won his third race of the season and of his Formula One career.[4] Alesi finished an impressive second, Andretti third, Wendlinger fourth and Patrese fifth.
Round 14: Portugal
Two major news stories broke as Formula One descended on Estoril, Portugal. Firstly Alain Prost announced that after only a year back in the sport that he would retire at the end of the 1993 season. Secondly Michael Andretti had been fired from McLaren after a very poor performance during the season (his podium finish in Italy was notwithstanding). Mika Häkkinen, the team's test driver, would be his replacement. Häkkinen would stay with the team until his retirement in 2001 after nine years.
The Williams cars qualified in their usual 1-2 position, but this time it was Hill that was in Pole Position with Prost in second. For his first race at McLaren Häkkinen qualified third ahead of Senna in fourth and Alesi in fifth. Despite being on Pole Position, Hill stalled his car during the parade lap and had to start the race from the back of the grid. As the lights went out Prost was overtaken by Alesi and the two McLarens with Alesi ahead of Senna and Senna ahead of Häkkinen. By the end of the first lap Alesi was in the lead followed by Senna, Häkkinen, Prost and Schumacher.
The top five stayed close together, however the two Williams's cars and Schumacher were on a one-stop strategy unlike the McLarens and the Ferraris. On Lap Twenty, whilst Alesi, Häkkinen and Schumacher were in the pits, Senna's engine blew, meaning he had to retire from the race. Alesi lost position to Häkkinen and Schumacher during the pit stop. This left Prost leading ahead of Blundell, Hill, Häkkinen, and Schumacher. The German passed Häkkinen on Lap Twenty-Five and began to pull away. Prost stopped on Lap Twenty-Nine, however Schumacher rejoined the race ahead of him. When Hill stopped Schumacher was leading followed by Prost, Häkkinen, Hill and Alesi.
On Lap Thirty-Three Häkkinen crashed into the wall at the last corner and on Lap Thirty-Six Berger's suspension failed meaning that they both had to retire from the race. Blundell crashed out of the race from sixth position on Lap Fifty-Two as Prost began to make a move on Schumacher. Second place however was all Prost needed to win the Championship so he decided not to take any risks. Patrese was doing well in fifth position but on Lap Sixty-Four he also crashed out of the race. Schumacher had a minor incident but continued, so he could keep the lead. Schumacher won his second Grand Prix Race (the first being the Belgian Grand Prix the year before). Prost finished second, making him the 1993 Formula One World Champion. Hill finished third, Alesi fourth and Wendlinger fifth.
With only two races to follow the Portuguese Grand Prix Prost was crowned the 1993 Formula One World Champion (his fourth World Championship). There was however still a battle for second position between Hill, Senna and Schumacher. Hill was second with 62 points, Senna third with 53, Schumacher fourth with 52 and Patrese fifth with 20 points. Williams had already won the Constructors Championship at the Belgian Grand Prix, but again there was still a battle for second between Benetton (72 points) and McLaren (60 points). Ferrari were fourth in the Constructors with 23 points.
Round 15: Japan
Prost took Pole Position in Japan. Senna had qualified second, Häkkinen third, Schumacher fourth and Berger fifth. Disappointingly Hill only managed to qualify sixth. At the beginning of the race Senna managed to pass Prost and Berger overtook Schumacher. Eddie Irvine (the fifth driver to occupy Jordan's second seat that year) managed to overtake Hill and then Schumacher. Hill briefly overtook Schumacher but the German very quickly regained his place. Senna was leading by the end of the first lap followed by Prost, Häkkinen, Berger and Irvine. Schumacher passed Irvine on the second lap with Hill passing him two laps later.
Schumacher and Hill then closed in on Berger. At the end of Lap Nine the three cars came out of the final chicane nose to tail as Hill passed Schumacher on the main straight to take fifth position. On Lap Eleven Hill got a very good run at overtaking Berger going into the chicane. Berger took the inside line and Hill tried to overtake on the outside, but had to give up on the move. Schumacher having stayed on the inside was unable to stop in time and ended up hitting Hill's right rear tyre damaging his left front suspension and resulting in his retirement from the race. Hill came out of the accident unscathed and managed to make up a place on the following lap when Berger pitted.
At the front of the pack Prost had taken the lead when Senna pitted. Shortly after it began to rain, which was a major advantage for Prost and those drivers that hadn't pitted, as they would only have to do one less stop. Senna began to catch Prost as the track became wet and on Lap Twenty-One as the rain became heavier Senna overtook the Frenchman on the approach to the Spoon Curve. At the end of the lap Senna's lead was over two seconds and the pair pitted for wet tyres. Senna pulled away rapidly and by Lap Twenty-Seven his lead was over thirty seconds. Prost then left the track at the first corner, but was able to rejoin the race behind Senna, one lap down. Unable to lap Hill Senna was re-passed by Irvine, who had already been lapped, but was chasing Hill for fourth position. Irvine, who was also still on wets, challenged Hill going into the first corner, but was unable to complete the move, whilst Senna was being held up by the pair. Senna lost fifteen seconds behind the pair once he had forced his way through. At the end of Lap Forty-Two both Senna and Prost pitted for Slicks and Senna's lead was back up to twenty-four seconds.
Behind, Barrichello passed Irvine during the stop for wet tyres. On Lap Forty-One Berger's engine failed resulting in his retirement. With four laps to go and battling Warwick for sixth position he ran into the back of him forcing Warwick to retire. Irvine managed to continue and scored a point in his first race. His debut was marred slightly by the events of the post-race meeting where he and Senna exchanged strong words and Senna punched him. Senna won the race followed by Prost in second, Häkkinen in third which was his first ever podium finish, Barrichello in fourth which was the best finish of his career to that point and in fifth was Irvine.
Round 16: Australia
The last race of the 1993 season took place in Adelaide, Southern Australia. If Williams took pole position at this race they would have been on pole for the entire season, however in Adelaide it was Senna that started the race in pole position. Prost was second on the grid, Hill third, Schumacher fourth and Häkkinen fifth. As the race started the top four stayed in the same order, however Berger jumped Häkkinen for fifth position.
While Senna started to pull away slightly the two Williams and Schumacher stayed close together. Schumacher passed Hill on Lap Eight and then set about passing Prost. He had to pit early, on Lap Fifteen, and rejoined fourth. However five laps later his engine failed and he had to retire from the race. During the first set of pit stops Häkkinen was slow and Alesi and Brundle managed to get ahead of him. Nine laps after Schumacher retired due to engine failure Häkkinen was forced to do the same.
During the second set of pit stops Senna kept his ten-second lead whilst Alesi managed to get ahead of Berger and Patrese passed Brundle. On Lap Sixty-One Hill attempted to overtake Prost by surprise for second place. However, as Prost moved over to block him Hill had to back off and ended up spinning, losing time but not his position. Patrese was set to finish sixth in his two-hundredth-and-fifty-sixth race, but his fuel pressure dropped on the final lap. Senna won the final race of the season, with Prost finishing second in his final Formula One race. Hill finished third, followed by Alesi in fourth and Berger in fifth.
At the end of the season Prost finished his one-year return to Formula One with the World Championship and ninety-nine career points. His rival, Senna, finished second with seventy-three points. In third was Hill with sixty-nine points. Fourth was Schumacher with fifty-two points. Fifth place in the Championship went to Patrese, who had earned twenty points. Williams dominated the Constructors Championship throughout the year finishing first with one-hundred-and-sixty-eight points. This was double the points of McLaren who finished second in the Constructors.
Season review
Grands Prix
Drivers
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Bold – Pole | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
† Drivers did not finish the Grand Prix, but were classified as they completed over 90% of the race distance.
Constructors
| Pos | Constructor | Car no. |
RSA.svg.png){kind=small} |
BRA |
EUR |
SMR |
ESP |
MON |
CAN |
FRA |
GBR |
GER |
HUN |
BEL.svg.png){kind=small} |
ITA |
POR |
JPN |
AUS |
Points |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Williams-Renault |
0 | Ret | 2 | 2 | Ret | Ret | 2 | 3 | 2 | Ret | 15 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 168 |
| 2 | 1 | Ret | 3 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 3 | 12 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
| 2 | McLaren-Ford |
7 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 5 | 8 | 14 | 6 | Ret | Ret | Ret | 8 | 3 | Ret | 3 | Ret | 84 |
| 8 | 2 | 1 | 1 | Ret | 2 | 1 | 18 | 4 | 5 | 4 | Ret | 4 | Ret | Ret | 1 | 1 | |||
| 3 | Benetton-Ford |
5 | Ret | 3 | Ret | 2 | 3 | Ret | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | Ret | 2 | Ret | 1 | Ret | Ret | 72 |
| 6 | Ret | Ret | 5 | Ret | 4 | Ret | Ret | 10 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 16 | Ret | 8 | |||
| 4 | Ferrari |
27 | Ret | 8 | Ret | Ret | Ret | 3 | Ret | Ret | 9 | 7 | Ret | Ret | 2 | 4 | Ret | 4 | 28 |
| 28 | 6 | Ret | Ret | Ret | 6 | 14 | 4 | 14 | Ret | 6 | 3 | 10 | Ret | Ret | Ret | 5 | |||
| 5 | Ligier-Renault |
25 | Ret | Ret | Ret | 3 | Ret | 6 | 5 | 5 | 14 | 8 | 5 | 7 | Ret | 6 | 9 | 6 | 23 |
| 26 | 3 | 5 | Ret | Ret | 7 | Ret | Ret | Ret | 7 | 3 | 7 | 11 | Ret | Ret | 7 | 9 | |||
| 6 | Lotus-Ford |
11 | Ret | 6 | 8 | Ret | 14 | 7 | 11 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | DNS | 11 | Ret | 13 | Ret | 12 |
| 12 | Ret | 4 | 4 | 8 | Ret | Ret | 10 | Ret | 4 | 10 | Ret | 5 | Ret | Ret | 11 | Ret | |||
| 7 |  Sauber |
29 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 13 | 6 | Ret | Ret | 9 | 6 | Ret | 4 | 5 | Ret | 15 | 12 |
| 30 | 5 | Ret | Ret | 4 | Ret | Ret | 7 | Ret | 8 | Ret | Ret | 9 | Ret | 7 | 8 | Ret | |||
| 8 | Minardi-Ford |
23 | 4 | Ret | 7 | Ret | 8 | 5 | 9 | 8 | 12 | 11 | Ret | Ret | 8 | 9 | Ret | Ret | 7 |
| 24 | Ret | Ret | 6 | 6 | Ret | 11 | Ret | Ret | Ret | 14 | Ret | Ret | 7 | 8 | 10 | Ret | |||
| 9 | Footwork-Mugen-Honda |
9 | 7 | 9 | Ret | Ret | 13 | Ret | 16 | 13 | 6 | 17 | 4 | Ret | Ret | 15 | 14 | 10 | 4 |
| 10 | Ret | Ret | Ret | 9 | 10 | Ret | 13 | 12 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 7 | |||
| 10 | Larrousse-Lamborghini |
19 | Ret | 7 | Ret | 5 | Ret | 12 | Ret | 9 | 11 | 12 | 8 | 12 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 3 |
| 20 | Ret | 10 | 9 | Ret | 9 | Ret | 8 | 16 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 6 | 11 | Ret | 12 | |||
| 11 |  Jordan-Hart |
14 | Ret | Ret | 10 | Ret | 12 | 9 | Ret | 7 | 10 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 13 | 5 | 11 | 3 |
| 15 | Ret | DNQ | Ret | Ret | 11 | Ret | 12 | 11 | Ret | 13 | 9 | Ret | Ret | Ret | 6 | Ret | |||
| — | Lola-Ferrari |
21 | Ret | 11 | 11 | DNQ | DNQ | Ret | DNQ | DNQ | DNQ | 16 | Ret | 14 | Ret | Ret | 0 | ||
| 22 | Ret | 12 | DNQ | 7 | Ret | DNQ | 15 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 13 | 10 | 14 | |||||
| — | Tyrrell-Yamaha |
3 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 17 | Ret | 13 | Ret | 10 | 15 | 14 | Ret | Ret | Ret | 0 |
| 4 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | DSQ | 10 | Ret | 15 | NC | Ret | 11 | Ret | 13 | 12 | Ret | 13 | |||
| Pos | Constructor | Car no. |
RSA |
BRA |
EUR |
SMR |
ESP |
MON |
CAN |
FRA |
GBR |
GER |
HUN |
BEL |
ITA |
POR |
JPN |
AUS |
Points |
References
- ↑ Collantine, Keith (11 April 2013). "Today in 1993: Senna's last great race at Donington". F1 Fanatic. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
- ↑ Hilton, Christopher, Ayrton Senna: The Whole Story (Haynes Publishing, 2004). ISBN 978-1-84425-096-7
- ↑ "Formula 1 Technical Regulation changes for 1998". grandprix.com. Retrieved 2014-10-20.
- ↑ "1993 FIA Formula One World Championship". The Official F1® Website. 2014. Archived from the original on 19 February 2015. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
External links
- formula1.com – 1993 official driver standings (archived)
- formula1.com – 1993 official team standings (archived)