List of Formula One constructors

The following is a list of Formula One constructors which have competed or plan to compete in the FIA World Championship.

Terminology: constructors vs. teams

In Formula One racing the terms "constructor" and "entrant" have specific and differing meanings. An entrant is the person or corporate entity that registers a car and driver for a race, and is then responsible for preparing and maintaining that car during the race weekend. As a result of this preparation role and active involvement in the running of the race, the term "team" has become commonly applied to an entrant organisation.

Constructors

Under Article 6.3 of the FIA Sporting Regulations, "the constructor of an engine or chassis is the person (including any corporate or unincorporated body) which owns the intellectual rights to such engine or chassis".^[1] The title of Formula One World Champion Constructor is awarded to the car "make" that has scored the most points during the course of the season, where a car's make takes into account both engine and chassis. Hence, if a car's chassis and engine constructor are the same entity (e.g. Ferrari, Toyota, BRM etc.) then the make is simply the name of that one constructor. However, where the chassis and engine are constructed by different entities the car's make comprises both (e.g. McLaren-Mercedes, Lotus-Climax etc.), with the name of the chassis constructor being placed before that of the engine constructor. As both engine and chassis are included in the make name, chassis run with different engines (e.g. Lotus-Ford, Lotus-BRM) are counted as two separate makes and points are scored separately. The World Constructors' Championship title is awarded to the constructor of the chassis of the make that scores the most points. For this reason, this list only considers chassis constructors. For more information on engines, see Formula One engines.

Teams

Since the early 1980s the FIA have required that Formula One entrants own the intellectual rights to the chassis that they enter, and so the terms "entrant" and "constructor", and hence also "team", have become synonymous.

Before this time, constructors were free to sell their chassis to as many other teams as they liked. Brabham and Lotus chassis were used extensively by other teams during the 1960s and 1970s and several quite competitive teams never built their own chassis. Rob Walker Racing Team was the most successful example, being responsible for the first victories in Formula One for both Cooper and Lotus. The concept of a "works" or "factory" team (i.e. the official team of the company producing the cars, as opposed to a customer team which buys them off the shelf) therefore applied to chassis in the same way as it does in rallying and sports car racing.

There have been some recent exceptions where a specialist company, not itself entered in the championship, has been commissioned to design and build a chassis for a team; Lola built cars for Larrousse and Scuderia Italia in the late 1980s and early 1990s, for example. Larousse had their points from the 1990 season erased after the FIA decided that they had falsely nominated themselves and not Lola as the chassis constructor. In 1978, the new Arrows team which had been established by former Shadow personnel was sued by Shadow on the grounds that the Arrows FA/1 car was a copy of Shadow's DN9 - a view upheld by the UK High Court, which placed a ban on Arrows racing the FA/1.

There have been more recent cases with Ligier (1995), Sauber (2004), Scuderia Toro Rosso (2006 & 2007) and Super Aguri (2007 & 2008) where teams have been accused of using a chassis produced by another constructor (respectively Benetton, Ferrari, Red Bull Racing and Honda). No action was taken against any of these teams, the sporting authorities being satisfied in each case that the team owned the intellectual property to the chassis they raced.

2016 constructors' statistics

Key: Rcs. = Number of individual races entered; Drv. = Number of drivers; Ent. = Total number of race entries; Wins = Number of races won; Pts. = Number of Constructors' Championship points scored; PP = Number of pole positions; FL = Number of fastest laps; Pod. = Number of podium finishes; CC = Constructors Championships won; DC = Drivers' Championships won.

Constructor	Engine	Country	Base	Seasons	Rcs.	Drv.	Ent.	Wins	Pts.	PP	FL	Pod.	CC	DC	First Grand Prix	Previous Names
Ferrari	Ferrari			1950–current	912	79	1956	224	7240.27	208	233	700	16	15	1950 Monaco
Force India	Mercedes			2008–current	154	6	308	0	635	1	4	3	0	0	2008 Australian	Spyker (2007), Midland (2006), Jordan (1991–2005)
Haas	Ferrari			2016–current	4	0	8	0	22	0	0	0	0	0	2016 Australian
Manor	Mercedes			2016–current	4	0	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2016 Australian	/ Marussia (2012–2015), / Virgin (2010–2011)
McLaren	Honda			1966–current	784	48	1641	182	5050.5	155	152	485	8	12	1966 Monaco
Mercedes	Mercedes			1954–1955, 2010–current	131	10	274	49	2442	57	40	102	2	4	1954 French	Brawn (2009), Honda (2006–2008), BAR (1999–2005), Tyrrell (1968–1998)
Red Bull	TAG Heuer			2005–current	207	8	414	50	3109.5	57	48	120	4	4	2005 Australian	Jaguar (2000–2004), Stewart (1997–1999)
Renault	Renault			1977–1985, 2002–2011, 2016–current	307	22	596	35	1304	51	31	100	2	2	1977 British	Lotus (2012–2015), / Benetton (1986–2001), Toleman (1981–1985)
Sauber	Ferrari			1993–current	407	27	788	1	810	1	5	26	0	0	1993 South African	BMW Sauber (2006–2009)
Toro Rosso	Ferrari			2006–current	189	11	378	1	283	1	0	1	0	0	2006 Bahrain	Minardi (1985–2005)
Williams	Mercedes			1978–current	642	37	1201	114	3383	128	133	310	9	7	1978 Argentine

Former constructors' statistics

Key: Rcs. = Number of individual races entered; Drv. = Number of drivers; Ent. = Total number of race entries; Wins = Number of races won; Pts. = Number of Constructors' Championship points scored; PP = Number of pole positions; FL = Number of fastest laps; Pod. = Number of podium finishes; WCC = Constructors Championships won; WDC = Drivers' Championships won.

Constructor	Country	Seasons	Rcs.	Drv.	Ent.	Wins	Pts.	PP	FL	Pod.	WCC	WDC	First Grand Prix	Last Grand Prix
Alex von Falkenhausen Motorenbau		1952–1953[n 1]	4	6	9	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1952 Swiss	1953 Italian
Automobiles Gonfaronnaises Sportives		1986–1991	80	10	124	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	1986 Italian	1991 Monaco
Alfa Romeo		1950–1951 1979–1985	110	18	237	10	50[n 2]	12	14	26	0[n 3]	2	1950 British	1985 Australian
Alta		1950–1952[n 4]	5	4	6	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1950 British	1952 British
Amon		1974	4	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1974 Spanish	1974 Italian
Andrea Moda		1992	9	4	16	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1992 S. African	1992 Italian
Apollon		1977	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1977 Italian	1977 Italian
Arrows[n 5]		1978–2002	393	36	783	0	167	1	0	8	0	0	1978 Brazilian	2002 German
Arzani-Volpini		1955	1	1	1	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1955 Italian	1955 Italian
Aston Butterworth		1952	4	2	4	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1952 Belgian	1952 Italian
Aston Martin		1959–1960	6	3	11	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1959 Dutch	1960 British
Automobili Turismo e Sport		1963[n 6]	5	2	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1963 Belgian	1963 Mexican
ATS (Auto Technisches Spezialzubehör)		1977–1984	107	15	146	0	7	0	0	0	0	0	1978 Argentine	1984 Portuguese
British American Racing[n 7]		1999–2005	118	7	236	0	227	2	0	15	0	0	1999 Australian	2005 Chinese
Behra-Porsche		1960	4	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1960 Argentine	1960 Monaco
Bellasi		1970–1971	6	1	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1970 Dutch	1971 Italian
Benetton[n 8]	/[n 9][2]	1986–2001	260	17	520	27	851.5	15	36	102	1	2	1986 Brazilian	2001 Japanese
Boro		1976–1977	8	4	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1976 Spanish	1977 Italian
Brabham		1962–1987, 1989–1992	402	39	995	35	843	39	42	124	2	4	1962 German	1992 Hungarian
Brawn GP		2009	17	2	34	8	172	5	4	15	1	1	2009 Australian	2009 Abu Dhabi
British Racing Motors		1951, 1956–1977	208	71	559	17	385	11	15	61	1	1	1951 British	1977 Italian
British Racing Partnership		1963–1964	13	2	19	0	11	0	0	0	0	0	1963 Belgian	1964 Mexican
Bugatti		1956	1	1	1	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1956 French	1956 French
Caterham		2012–2014	56	8	112	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2012 Australian	2014 Abu Dhabi
Cisitalia		1952	1	1	1	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1952 Italian	1952 Italian
Coloni[n 10]		1987–1991	65	8	81	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1987 Italian	1991 Australian
Connaught		1952–1959	18	29	52	0	0[n 11]	0	0	1	0	0	1952 British	1959 United States
Connew		1972	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1972 British	1972 Austrian
Cooper Car Company		1950, 1952–1969	129	111	528	16	301	11	14	58	2	2	1950 Monaco	1969 Monaco
Dallara		1988–1992	80	6	144	0	15	0	0	2	0	0	1988 Brazilian	1992 Australian
Derrington-Francis		1964	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1964 Italian	1964 Italian
Peter de Klerk		1963, 1965	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1963 South African	1965 South African
De Tomaso		1961–1963, 1970	15	8	18	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1961 French	1970 United States
Eagle (Anglo American Racers)	[3]	1966–1969	26	7	35	1	17	0	2	2	0	0	1966 Belgian	1969 Canadian
Eifelland		1972	8	1	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1972 South African	1972 Austrian
Emeryson		1956, 1961–1962	6	6	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1956 British	1962 Italian
Eisenacher Motorenwerk		1953	1	1	1	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1953 German	1953 German
Ecurie Nationale Belge		1962	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1962 German	1962 German
Ensign		1973–1982	134	25	154	0	19	0	1	0	0	0	1973 French	1982 Caesars Palace
English Racing Automobiles		1950–1952	7	7	12	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1950 British	1952 Dutch
EuroBrun	/	1988–1990	46	5	76	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1988 Brazilian	1990 Spanish
Ferguson Research Ltd.		1961	1	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1961 British	1961 British
FIRST		1989	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	–	–
Fittipaldi Automotive (Copersucar)		1975–1982	120	8	156	0	44	0	0	3	0	0	1975 Argentine	1982 Caesars Palace
Fondmetal		1991–1992	29	4	42	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1991 United States	1992 Italian
Forti		1995–1996	27	4	54	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1995 Brazilian	1996 British
Frank Williams Racing Cars[n 12]		1972–1976	61	25	112	0	6	0	0	0	0	0	1972 British	1976 Japanese
Frazer-Nash		1952	4	2	4	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1952 Swiss	1952 Dutch
Fry		1959	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1959 British	1959 British
Gilby Engineering		1961–1963	6	2	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1961 British	1963 Italian
Gordini		1952–1956	33	23	101	0	n/a	0	1	2	n/a	0	1952 Swiss	1956 Italian
Greifzu		1952	1	1	1	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1952 German	1952 German
Hesketh		1974–1978	60	15	97	1	48	0	1	7	0	0	1974 South African	1978 Belgian
Hill		1975	12	6	21	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	1975 South African	1975 United States
HRT (Hispania Racing Team)		2010–2012	56	8	116	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2010 Bahrain	2012 Brazilian
Honda		1964–1968 2006–2008	88	8	154	3	154	2	2	9	0	0	1964 German	2008 Brazilian
HWM (Hersham and Walton Motors)		1951–1955	16	15	48	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1951 Swiss	1955 Monaco
Jaguar[n 13]		2000–2004	85	8	170	0	49	0	0	2	0	0	2000 Australian	2004 Brazilian
JBW		1959–1961	6	1	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1959 British	1961 Italian
Jordan[n 14]	[4]	1991–2005	250	30	500	4	291	2	2	19	0	0	1991 United States	2005 Chinese
Kauhsen		1979	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1979 Spanish	1979 Belgian
Klenk		1954	1	1	1	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1954 German	1954 German
Kojima		1976–1977	2	3	3	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1976 Japanese	1977 Japanese
Kurtis[n 15]		1959	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1959 United States	1959 United States
Lambo (Modena Team)		1991	16	2	32	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1991 United States	1991 Australian
Lancia		1954–1955	4	4	10	0	n/a	2	1	1	n/a	0	1954 Spanish	1955 Belgian
Larrousse		1993–1994	32	7	64	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	1993 South African	1994 Australian
LDS		1962–1963, 1965, 1967–1968	5	3	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1962 South African	1968 South African
LEC		1977	5	1	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1977 Spanish	1977 British
Leyton House[n 16]		1990–1991	32	3	64	0	8	0	0	1	0	0	1990 United States	1991 Australian
Life		1990	14	2	14	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1990 United States	1990 Spanish
Ligier[n 17]		1976–1996	330	28	612	9	388	9	9	50	0	0	1976 Brazilian	1996 Japanese
Lola[n 18]		1962–1963, 1967–1968, 1974–1975, 1985–1991, 1997	152	27	280	0	45	1	0	3	0	0	1962 Dutch	1997 Australian
Lotus (1958–1994)		1958–1994	493	122	1332	79	1332	107	70	172	7	6	1958 Monaco	1994 Australian
Lotus (2010–2011)		2010–2011	38	3	76	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2010 Bahrain	2011 Brazilian
Lotus (2012–2015)		2012–2015	77	5	154	2	706	0	5	25	0	0	2012 Australian	2015 Abu Dhabi
Lyncar		1974–1975	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1974 British	1975 British
Maki		1974–1976	8	3	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1974 British	1976 Japanese
March[n 19]		1970–1977, 1981–1982, 1987–1989, 1992	208	54	579	3	172.5	5	7	21	0	0	1970 South African	1992 Australian
Martini		1978	7	1	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1978 South African	1978 Dutch
Marussia[n 20]	/	2012–2015	74	7	144	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	2012 Australian	2015 Abu Dhabi
Maserati		1950–1960	73	93	407	9	9	10	17	37	0	2	1950 British	1960 United States
Matra		1967–1972	61	5	117	9	163	4	12	21	1	1	1967 Monaco	1972 United States
McGuire		1977	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1977 British	1977 British
Merzario		1978–1979	31	3	32	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1978 Argentine	1979 United States
Midland[n 21]		2006	18	2	36	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2006 Bahrain	2006 Brazilian
Milano		1950	1	1	1	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1950 Italian	1950 Italian
Minardi[n 22]		1985–2005	346	42	676	0	38	0	0	0	0	0	1985 Brazilian	2005 Chinese
Onyx		1989–1990	26	6	52	0	6	0	0	1	0	0	1989 Brazilian	1990 Hungarian
O.S.C.A.		1951–1953, 1958	7	5	11	0	0	0	0	0	0		1951 Italian	1958 Monaco
Osella[n 23]		1980–1990	172	17	253	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	1980 Argentine	1990 Australian
Pacific		1994–1995	33	5	66	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1994 Brazilian	1995 Australian
Parnelli		1974–1976	16	1	16	0	6	0	1	0	0	0	1974 Canadian	1976 US West
Penske	[5]	1974–1977	41	7	46	1	23	0	0	3	0	0	1974 Canadian	1977 Canadian
Porsche		1957–1964	35	13	75	1	46	1	0	5	0	0	1957 German	1964 German
Prost[n 24]		1997–2001	83	9	166	0	35	0	0	3	0	0	1997 Australian	2001 Japanese
RAM		1983–1985	44	8	73	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1983 Brazilian	1985 European
RE		1965	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1965 South African	1965 South African
Rebaque		1979	3	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1979 Italian	1979 United States
Rial		1988–1989	32	6	48	0	6	0	0	0	0	0	1988 Brazilian	1989 Australian
Scarab		1960	5	4	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1960 Monaco	1960 United States
Scirocco		1963–1964	7	3	9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1963 Belgian	1964 German
Shadow	/[n 25][6][7]	1973–1980	112	21	240	1	67.5	3	2	7	0	0	1973 South African	1980 French
Shannon		1966	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1966 British	1966 British
Simca-Gordini		1950–1953	15	11	29	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1950 Monaco	1953 Belgian
Simtek		1994–1995	21	7	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1994 Brazilian	1995 Monaco
Spirit		1983–1985	25	3	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1983 British	1985 San Marino
Spyker[n 26]		2007	17	4	34	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	2007 Australian	2007 Brazilian
Stebro		1963	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1963 United States	1963 United States
Stewart[n 27]		1997–1999	49	4	98	1	47	1	0	5	0	0	1997 Australian	1999 Japanese
Super Aguri		2006–2008	39	5	39	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	2006 Bahrain	2008 Spanish
Surtees		1970–1978	119	38	260	0	53	0	3	2	0	0	1970 British	1978 Canadian
Talbot-Lago		1950–1951	13	18	81	0	n/a	0	0	2	n/a	0	1950 British	1951 Spanish
Tec-Mec		1959	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1959 United States	1959 United States
Tecno		1972–1973	13	3	14	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1972 Belgian	1973 Austrian
Theodore		1978, 1981–1983	51	10	64	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	1978 Argentine	1983 European
Token		1974	4	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1974 Belgian	1974 Austrian
Toleman[n 28]		1981–1985	70	9	131	0	26	1	2	3	0	0	1981 San Marino	1985 Australian
Toyota		2002–2009	140	9	276	0	278.5	3	3	13	0	0	2002 Australian	2009 Abu Dhabi
Trojan		1974	8	1	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1974 Spanish	1974 Italian
Tyrrell[n 29]		1970–1998	433	47	884	23	617	14	20	77	1	2	1970 Canadian	1998 Japanese
Vanwall		1954–1960	29	12	66	9	48	7	6	13	1	0	1954 British	1960 French
Venturi		1992	16	2	32	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1992 South African	1992 Australian
Veritas		1951–1953	6	15	18	0	n/a	0	0	0	n/a	0	1951 Swiss	1953 German
Virgin[n 30]	/[8]	2010–2011	38	3	76	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2010 Bahrain	2011 Brazilian
Wolf (Walter Wolf Racing)[n 31]	[9][10]	1977–1979	48	4	54	3	79	1	2	13	0	0	1977 Argentine	1979 United States
Zakspeed		1985–1989	74	7	136	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	1985 Portuguese	1989 Australian
Constructor	Country	Seasons	Rcs.	Drv.	Ent.	Wins	Pts.	PP	FL	Pod.	WCC	WDC	First Grand Prix	Last Grand Prix

Indianapolis 500 only

Constructors whose only World Championship participation was in the Indianapolis 500 from 1950 to 1960. All were American-based.

Adams Bromme Christensen Deidt Del Roy Dunn Elder

Epperly Ewing Hall Kuzma Langley Lesovsky

Marchese Meskowski Moore Nichels Olson Pankratz

Pawl Phillips Rae Schroeder Sherman Snowberger

Stevens Sutton Trevis Turner Watson Wetteroth

Privateer teams

The following are teams which never built their own chassis, and thus were not "constructors":

Bernard White Racing BMS Scuderia Italia British Formula One Racing Team BS Fabrications Camoradi International DW Racing Enterprises Ecurie Belge Ecurie Bleue Ecurie Bonnier Ecurie Ecosse Ecurie Espadon

Ecurie Lutetia Ecurie Maarsbergen Ecurie Rosier Enrico Platé[n 32] FR Gerard Cars Goldie Hexagon Racing John Willment Automobiles Mecom Racing Team North American Racing Team Otelle Nucci

Reg Parnell Racing Rob Walker Racing Team Scuderia Achille Varzi Scuderia Ambrosiana Scuderia Centro Sud Scuderia Filipinetti Scuderia Sant'Ambroeus Silvio Moser Racing Team T.A.S.O. Mathieson Team Gunston

See also

• List of Formula One World Constructors' Champions
  • List of Formula One World Constructors' Runners-up
• List of Formula One Grand Prix winners (constructors)
• List of automobile manufacturers

Notes

1. In 1949 and 1950, AFM participated in the German Formula 2 championship.
2. Points awarded from seasons 1979–1985.
3. The first Constructors' World Championship was not held until 1958.
4. From 1950 to 1957, Alta was also an engine manufacturer for teams HWM, Cooper and Connaught.
5. Arrows were known as Footwork from 1991 to 1996.
6. In 1964 and 1967, ATS was an engine manufacturer for teams Derrington-Francis and Cooper, racing at the 1964 Italian and 1967 British Grands Prix with Mário de Araújo Cabral and Silvio Moser.
7. BAR formerly Tyrrell; subsequently became Honda, then Brawn, then Mercedes.
8. Benetton formerly Toleman; subsequently became Renault, then Lotus F1.
9. From 1986 to 1995 Benetton had a British license; from 1996 to 2001, an Italian one.
10. Coloni subsequently became Andrea Moda.
11. Points not awarded prior to 1958.
12. Frank Williams Racing Cars includes Politoys (1972), Iso-Marlboro (1973–1974) and Wolf-Williams (1976) cars. Prior to 1972 FWRC ran customer chassis. Subsequently became Wolf. Williams Grand Prix Engineering was a new constructor established by Frank Williams and Patrick Head after Williams left Wolf-Williams.
13. Jaguar formerly Stewart Grand Prix. Subsequently became Red Bull Racing.
14. Jordan subsequently became Midland F1 Racing, then Spyker, then Force India.
15. Does not include Kurtis' Indianapolis 500 (1950−1960) entries.
16. Leyton House formerly March Engineering.
17. Ligier subsequently became Prost Grand Prix.
18. Lola includes Larrousse (1990) and Mastercard Lola (1997) entries.
19. March subsequently became Leyton House Racing, later reappearing as March for one final season.
20. Marussia formerly Virgin Racing, subsequently became Manor Racing.
21. Midland formerly Jordan Grand Prix; subsequently became Spyker F1, then Force India.
22. Minardi subsequently became Scuderia Toro Rosso.
23. Osella subsequently became Fondmetal.
24. Prost formerly Ligier.
25. From 1973 to 1975 Shadow had an American license; from 1976 to 1980, a British one.
26. Spyker formerly Jordan Grand Prix and Midland F1 Racing; subsequently became Force India.
27. Stewart subsequently became Jaguar Racing.
28. Toleman subsequently became Benetton Formula.
29. Tyrrell subsequently became British American Racing.
30. Virgin subsequently became Marussia F1, then Manor Racing.
31. Wolf formerly Frank Williams Racing Cars.
32. In 1952 and 1953 Scuderia Platé built their own engines for the Maserati-Platé 4CLT.

References

1. "2007 Formula One Sporting Regulations" (PDF). FIA. Retrieved 11 April 2008.
2. "Benetton to race under Italian colours". New Straits Times. 29 November 1995. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
3. "Saga of Audacity: Eagle F1 - Dan Gurney's All American Racers". All American Racers. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
4. "itv.com/f1 - The day EJ beat them all". ITV F1. Archived from the original on 27 May 2007. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
5. "1974 United States Grand Prix Entry list". Racing Sports Cars. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
6. "1973 United States Grand Prix Entry list". Racing Sports Cars. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
7. "1978 United States Grand Prix Entry list". Racing Sports Cars. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
8. "F1 Marussia Virgin Racing team to compete under Russian flag". RIA Novosti. 3 February 2011. Retrieved 3 February 2011.
9. "The story of Formula 1's first winning Wolf". 12 Dec 2015. Retrieved 2016-04-06.
10. "Canada´s first Formula 1 team has wealthy backer, Scheckter". The Montreal Gazette. 10 November 1976. Retrieved 7 February 2015.

All statistics and other data drawn from:

• "ChicaneF1.com". Retrieved 11 April 2008.
• "StatsF1.com". Retrieved 11 April 2008.
• "All Formula One Info". Retrieved 11 April 2008.