List of bus companies of the Philippines

This is a list of bus companies that are operating in the Philippines. These companies may manufacture buses, build bus coaches and provide public transport bus service.

Philippine bus companies

Brands and manufacturers

One of the Golden Dragon buses operating in the Philippines, with the Partas Transportation Co. Inc.

Body manufacturers and re-manufacturers

Alt text
A Del Monte Aero Adamant, operated by GV Florida Transport, Inc. This specific bus uses a Hino RM2P chassis paired with a Hino P11C-TH engine.

Bus lines and provincial tour operations

  • AB Liner Inc. – based in Guinayangan, Quezon, it services routes to and from Metro Manila, Batangas and Quezon.[2]
  • Agila Bus Transport
  • Alfonso Liner
  • ALPS The Bus, Inc. – Operates routes Manila to Batangas and Manila to Bicol region.
  • AAB Bus Lines, Inc. - a bus company operated by Ariel A. Bocalan, plying from Ternate/Naic in CaviteBuendia and Zapote - Naic, Maragondon.
  • Arayat Express
  • Aurora Bus Line
  • Autobus Transportation Systems Inc – it started operating in Northern Luzon after it bought some of St. Joseph's buses
  • Baliwag Transit Inc. (sister company of Golden Bee Transport)
  • Barney Auto Lines
  • Ballesteros Bus Line Co. – the other bus company founded in Cagayan Valley.
  • Bataan Transit Co., Inc.
  • Baes Express
  • Batangas Starexpress Corp./KL CNG Bus Transport Corp.
  • Batman Starexpress Corp. (Pasay - Nasugbu, Batangas City Pier - Nasugbu, Pasay - Balayan (Taken over by San Agustin.)
  • Beatriz Liner
  • Bhen Jhe Trans - under Mhel Bhen Motors Corp.
  • Billylee Road
  • Blessed Grace Express
  • Bicol Express operated by Philtranco
  • Buena vista Travel n Tours (Luzon wide franchise)
  • BSTSMC (Bagong Silang Transport Service And Multi Cooperative)
  • Calamba Megatrans, Inc. (sister company of HM Transport Inc. and JAC Liner Inc.) Route: Calamba, Laguna - LRT Buendia Pasay City Santa Cruz, Laguna - Cubao Quezon City
  • Cagsawa Travel and Tours Corp.
  • Candon Bus Lines
  • Cavite Batangas Transport Service Cooperative (CBTSC)
  • Cedec Transport
  • Ceres Transport operated by Gold Star
  • Celyrosa Express (Coastal Mall Terminal - Calatagan, Batangas)
  • City Star
  • CUL Transport
  • D Liner
  • Daet Auto Express Transit Inc. – known as Daet Express. This bus company is the sister company of Superlines. Travels from Cubao to Camarines Norte in Bicol Region.
  • Dagupan Bus Co., Inc. - now operated by JAC Liner Inc. under Pangasinan Solid North Transit, Inc. and North Genesis.
  • Dalin Liner Inc.
  • Dangwa Bus Lines
  • Dangwa Tranco – serves as a link between Manila, Benguet, and Mountain Province
  • Davao Metro Shuttle Bus Inc. plying Davao City - Digos City and Tagum City
  • De Leon Express
  • Deltra bus Transit
  • Del Monte Land Transport Bus Company (DLTBCo), formerly Batangas Laguna Tayabas Bus Co., Inc. (BLTBCo) – one of the oldest provincial bus companies, established since 1918. Now operated by Del Monte Motor Works, Inc..
  • Dimple Star Transport – plying Iloilo - España, Manila/Cubao/Pasay and Alabang - Lawton via Skyway for city operation using KingLong units.
  • Dingalan Express
  • Dionets Liner- plying Trece Martires City, Imus City, Dasmariñas City, Bacoor City, and General Trias in Cavite; Coastal Mall (Parañaque City) and Pasay City in Metro Manila.
  • Dominion Bus Lines – formerly Times Transit, but a strike put it out of business until a company bought its remains from owner Santiago Rondaris and started a new company
  • Don Aldrin- plying Trece Martires City, Imus City, Dasmariñas City, Bacoor City, General Mariano Alvarez, Carmona and General Trias in Cavite; Coastal Mall (Parañaque City), Pasay City and Ayala (Makati City) in Metro Manila.
  • Eaglestar Transit Corp. operated by Gold Star Bus Company.
  • Elavil Tours Phils., Inc.
  • Erjohn & Almark Transit Corp. Operates in Cavite, also sister company of Tas Trans Group of Companies, plying from Mendez, Dasmariñas, (in Cavite) – Ayala, Sta. Cruz, Pasay RTD., and General Trias, Cavite.
  • EMC Transportation Inc. was once a major bus company in northern Luzon until it went bankrupt in mid-2008 and was bought by Northstar Transport.
  • EMC-LBS - under management of Sta Lucia Express and Victory Liner
  • ES Transport (provincial operation division of Jell Transport, Inc.)
  • Everlasting Transport, Inc. – see Universal Guiding Star for details
  • Farinas Transit Company – the first bus company to introduce the Hi–Decker King Long XMQ6129.
  • Federico Franco Lines (F. Franco Trans) – As of 2010 operated by GV Florida Transport
  • Ferdinand Liner – an affiliate company of Saulog Transit Inc., plying routes from Indang, Cavite to Pasay City
  • Ferdinand Liner Operated by Arbiel Bus Lines
  • Fermina Express – now operated by JAC Liner Inc. under Pangasinan Solid North Transit, Inc.
  • First Charter and Tours Transport Corporation (sister company of JAM)
  • First North Luzon Transit (Formerly Royal Eagle)
  • Five Star Bus Company
  • Gabriel Trans
  • Genesis Transport Service Inc.
  • German Espiritu Liner Inc.
  • Green Star Express Inc. – owned and Operated by JAC Liner Inc.
  • Golden Bee Transport and Logistics Corporation
  • Gold Star Bus Company operated by Eaglestar (Batangas City Pier-Alabang/LRT Buendia/Lawtown/Cubao via Skyway, C-5 or EDSA)
  • GMW Florida Trans. – sister company of GV Florida Transport.
  • GV Florida Transport – noted for their Pink flower livery, the first to introduce "Sleeper Bus"
  • Guardian Angels Bus Line – see Universal Guiding Star for details
  • HM Transport Inc./HM Liner, Inc. owned and operated by JAC Liner Inc.
  • Inland Trailways Inc.
  • Isarog Lines
  • JAC Liner Inc.
  • JAM Liner Inc.
  • J.S. Vergara Lines (now taken over by San Agustin)
  • Jasper Jean (EDSA Ortigas - Pala-Pala, Cubao - Pala-Pala, Ayala Ave.- Pala-Pala, Lawtown - Pala-Pala, Coastal Mall - Pala-Pala,(Rush Hour only including city and provincial operations), and UE Letre - Pala-Pala(Rush Hour only)).
  • Kapalaran Bus Line Route in Sta. Cruz, Laguna - Lawton, LRT Buendia, Infanta, Quezon – Legarda
  • Laguna Express Inc. operated by JAC Liner Inc.
  • Lilian Express
  • Lone Star Lines – Panay island only.
  • Lorna Express (owned & operated by Angeles D. Bayot)
  • Lucena Lines operated by JAC Liner Inc. – plying Lucena City, Sariaya, Candelaria and Tiaong in Quezon; San Pablo City, Alaminos, and Turbina (Calamba City) in Laguna; Alabang (Muntinlupa City), Buendia (Pasay City) and Cubao (Quezon City) in Metro Manila.
  • Luzon Bus Inc.
  • Luzon Cisco Transport, Inc. - under management of Five Star Bus Company.
  • Manny Trans.
  • Maria de Leon – operating out of Ilocos Norte, it is dubbed "The Fastest Woman on the Road"
  • Mega Bus Lines Corporation
  • Mindanao Star
  • MRC Golden Star
  • NA Liner
  • New RL Transport Corporation
  • Northern Luzon Bus Lines Inc. (Formerly NELBUSCO)
  • Northstar Transport Inc. – It started operating in Cagayan and Apayao province in 2008 when it bought the franchises of the defunct EMC Transportation Inc. and Dalmatian Lines
  • N. Dela Rosa Liner– Provincial Operation Division of Dela Rosa Transit. Operated by Rosauro Dela Rosa of Binan, Laguna and it also sister company of Dela Rosa Transit, Corp.
  • Pacita Liner Inc. – HM Transport, Inc.'s Pacita-Lawton operation, it is operated independent of Green Star Express Inc.
  • Pangasinan Transportation Company (PANTRANCO – once a major bus company in Northern Luzon until it went bankrupt in the Ferdinand Marcos era. It will be reformed again soon.
  • Panther Express
  • Partas – It is the choice of many travelers from the Ilocos Provinces going to Metro Manila.
  • Peñafrancia Tours and Travel Transport Inc.
  • Philippine Rabbit – once called "The King of the Road", but, after 50 or so years its routes and stops were reduced by a crippling strike.
  • Pine Tree Transit – an affiliate of GV Florida Transport, it serves as a link between Manila, Benguet, and Mountain Province
  • Pantranco South Express Inc. – ALATCO's Name Before Philtranco, Pantranco S.E.Inc. Once a major bus company in Southern Luzon Visayas & Mindanao until it change it name into Philtranco Service Enterprises Inc.
  • Philtranco –The Oldest Bus Company In Asia and in the Philippines, It started in 1914, its former company name is Albert Louis Ammen Transportation Company (ALATCO)
  • PP Bus Lines – the Second Bus Company to Enter Davao City, and is one of the Most Accident prone Bus in Visayas & Mindanao route
  • Quesmart transport Inc.
  • P&O Transportation
  • Raymond Transportation Inc.
  • RCJ Lines – an offshoot of the successful RCJ Trucking corporation
  • RCJ Trans – a sister company of RCJ Lines
  • Richford Bus Lines – a bus company formerly operated by Bocolan Liner Inc., now operated by Saint Anthony of Padua, plying from Ternate, Cavite – Lawton (Manila).
  • RJ Express
  • Roro Bus
  • RRCG Transport – plying Batangas - Alabang/Buendia operated by Southern Carrier
  • RSL Bus Transport Corporation
  • Safeway Express
  • Saint Rose Transit (a sister company of Giombacion Transit and GPS Transport)
  • Santrans – Operated by Severino and Eleanor Santos of City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan and Tayug, Pangasinan
  • San Agustin Shuttle Service Corp. – owned by Tas Trans Group of Companies, plying from Balayan, Nasugbu (in Batangas) & Mendez, Dasmariñas, Cavite City (in Cavite) - Plaza Lawton / Cubao
  • Saint Anthony Of Padua Transport Systems Inc. – owned by Tas Trans Group of Companies, plying from Cavite City/Ternate, Cavite - (Plaza Lawton)
  • Saulog Transit Inc.
  • Sierra Madre Transportation (defunct)
  • Silver Star – a sister company of HM Transport Inc.
  • Inocencio Aniceto Transportation – also known as St. Joseph. It is one of the most dominant bus companies in the 1970s and 1980s until it went bankrupt; however, it is recovering and is now maintaining its old route.
  • SJT (San Jose Transit)
  • SMTSCI (Santa Maria Transport Service Cooperative Inc)
  • Solid North (Pangasinan Solid North Transit, Inc.) – Operated By JAC Liner Inc. - (formerly D.R.De Leon Express)
  • Southern City Lines
  • South Star Express
  • Southern Carrier Co. Inc. operated by RRCG Transport
  • Sta. Lucia Express (under management of Victory Liner)
  • Regal Starliner
  • Super Five Transport Inc.
  • Talisano Lalido Transport Service Corporation (sister company of A Prado Trans and Muji Jaya)
  • Times Transit – precursor company to Dominion Bus Lines
  • TRITRAN INC. (Owned and Operated by Jam Liner)
  • Superlines – plies routes to Bicol Region from Cubao. Its name was taken after the superhero Superman.
  • Universal Guiding Star Bus Line – A newly formed provincial bus company now plying the Manila-Cagayan Valley route. It operates 50+ buses. (Sister company of Everlasting and Guardian Angels)
  • Ultrabus
  • Victory Liner - (sister company of Five Star)
  • Vallacar Transit Corporation, operating Rural Transit of Mindanao Inc. (RTMI), Bachelor Express, Ceres Liner & Ceres Transport (Batangas)
  • Viron Transit – owned by millionaire Santiago Rondaris' son; formerly operating as far as the second district of Ilocos Sur but has started to operate as far as Laoag City
  • Weena Express – former bus line plying Davao City to Cotabato City. It is now run by Mindanao Star.
  • Yellow Bus lines Incorporated – the oldest bus line in Mindanao, and the second largest in Mindanao with 200 units, its base terminals are in Koronadal City and General Santos City. As of 2015, it has been in operation for 56 years.

Within Metro Manila

A majority of these companies operate through several roads and highways, the most common of which being EDSA, Taft Avenue, Ayala Avenue, Commonwealth Avenue, Quezon Avenue, and Alabang-Zapote Road. Many of these buses also operate along both NLEx and SLEx, along with some operating via Skyway, and the rest are via Coastal Road.

  • A Prado
  • A-7 Tours and Transport
  • Aerobus
  • AC Trans – Owned By Alberto Carating. Operates between Malanday in Valenzuela City and Baclaran in Parañaque City via Ayala. and Malanday –NAIA via EDSA
  • Admiral Transport Inc.
  • Alabang Metrolink
  • Alabang Transport Service Coop. (Alabang TSC) (ATSC)
  • Armi Josh (formerly Aicer Trans)
  • Alabang Metro Link
  • Alro Trans
  • Arabia Boy Express – a bus company that is operated by Irene Alejandro, plying Alabang (Las Piñas), Plaza Lawton (Manila) and also, plying from Baclaran to SM Fairview via EDSA Ayala ) under Darla Andrea
  • AST Trans
  • Apex Commuter Transport
  • Baclaran Metro Link -Red Livery is Operated By: German Espiritu Liner Inc.
  • Bagong Buhay Transport Service Corp. (BBTSC) - sister company of Santrans
  • BBL Trans./Balibago Bus Line
  • BCB Transport Inc.
  • Bensan Trans – owned by Tas Trans Group of Companies, plying from Alabang/Pilar(Muntinlupa/Las Piñas) – Lawton/Santa Cruz(Manila)
  • BOVJEN – operated By Alberto Carating, also a sister company of A.C. Trans
  • Buslink Transport Inc.
  • Claro Trans
  • CEM Trans. Services Inc. – formerly part of the Joanna Jesh Group, it was named after the founder of Joanna Jesh Transport and Nicholas Albert Transport, Crisinciano E. Mahilac, which was founded in 2007.
  • Cher Transport
  • Citylink Coach Services Inc. – an intercity bus company that traverses C–5 Road from Eastwood City, Libis Quezon City to Newport City, Villamor Air Base, Pasay City (facing to NAIA Terminal 3). It is operated under First Oceanic Property Management Inc., an affiliate company of Megaworld Corporation.
  • Cign Transport
  • Citybus – a bus company that operates mainly in the southern part of the metropolis, based in Bicutan and Sucat, both in Parañaque City.
  • Commuters Bus Corp.(HM Transport Group of Buses)
  • Corimba Express
  • Darla Andrea
  • Darj Trans Co. - under RBM
  • DCOMMP Transport
  • Dela Rosa Transit – sister company of N. Dela Rosa Liner
  • Del Monte City Transport - sister company of Santrans
  • Delta Transport Inc.
  • Diamond V-Eight (operated by Reinalyn Bus Lines Corp.) plying SM Fairview – Baclaran via Quezon Ave.
  • Don Mariano Transit Corporation (HM Transport Group of Buses) *
  • EA Diamond Starline Corporation – formerly known as EL Palma Transport. With major route of Baclaran to Malanday and provincial route of Pasay to Visayas.
  • Earthstar Express

- sister company of Kellen Transport;has routes between Sapang Palay-Sta. Cruz, SM Fairview-Baclaran via Quezon Ave. and Alabang-SM Fairview

  • Elena Liner
  • EMBC
  • EPJ Transit (city operation division of Northstar Transport)
  • Everlasting Bus Company, Inc.
  • Fides Express Inc. – plying NavotasBaclaran via EDSA and Montalban – Divisoria via San Mateo, Aurora Blvd. (now defunct)
  • ES Transport - (under Kellen Transport
  • Fermina Express – plying Baclaran - Fairview via EDSA, Ayala, and Lagro and NAIA – Lagro via EDSA
  • Fran-Vill (formerly FVTI) – sister company of Vil 5000 Inc.
  • Francheska Mae Grajiel Transport (former FG Trans)
  • Funride Transport (formerly WLH Trans/WLLH Liner/Maggi Liner) – known for operating King Long XMQ6119T, Nissan Diesel EXFOH buses & Higer buses, it operates in SM Fairview to – SM Southmall (Las Piñas) via Quezon Ave., Plaza Lawton (Manila) and – SM Southmall (Las Piñas City) – Plaza Lawton (Manila)via Coastal Rd..
  • Gasat Express
  • G Liner – owned by the De Guia family. It operates routes from Taytay - Quiapo via Cainta, Manila, East Road, Ortigas Avenue, Magsaysay Blvd. and Cainta - Quiapo via Ortigas Ave., Magsaysay Blvd.
  • Greenline Express
  • Golden Highway Transit Inc.(defunct)
  • Green Star Express Inc.– plying TaytayQuiapo via Cainta Ortigas Ave.
  • Green Star Express
  • Guardian Angels
  • GPS Transport - under Saint Rose Transit
  • Hilltop Tours Inc (under RBM)
  • HM Transport Inc.
  • Ismael Bus Line ( IBL Inc.) – undermanaged by Pinagrealan Tours and plying NAIA – Grotto via EDSA (They operated before the Navotas – Baclaran via EDSA and San Mateo – Divisoria via Aurora Blvd.)
  • Jackpherlyn Transport (formerly Sunrich Transport)
  • J. BEA – sister company of Thelman Transit and Armi Josh
  • Jasper Jean Liner Inc.
  • Jayross Lucky Seven Tours
  • Jell Transport (now defunct) *
  • JFT Liner
  • Joanna Jesh Transport Corp.
  • Joyselle Express
  • JKJ Express – now operated by Kellen Transport(Alabang-Lagro-SM Fairview)
  • JNL Paet Transport Co.
  • JRMS Goldensky Transport – owned by Tas Trans Group of Companies, plying Malanday(Valenzuela City) – Alabang (Muntinlupa City) via EDSA, Skyway.
  • Juaymah Maureen Transport – founded by Oscar Mababangloob, it operates from Alabang in Muntinlupa City to Quiapo and Lawton via Alabang–Zapote Road, Quirino Avenue, and Taft Avenue.
  • Kellen Transport – sister company of Jell Transport
  • Kelly Transport
  • Kingsam Express
  • Laguna Starbus (Starbus) a sister group of HM Transport Inc. Route: Pacita - Malanday via EDSA SLEX
  • Lippad Trans
  • Luzon Bus Inc. - sister company of Santrans
  • Mac Lines Inc. – plying Montalban - Divisoria via San Mateo, Aurora Blvd.
  • Mannrose Liner Inc
  • Ma-Fel Trans
  • Malanday Metro Link
  • Maluto Transport and Travel - (also known as Igan The Friendly Bus) - plying Alabang (South Station) - Plaza Lawton via Las Pinas and Coastal Road
  • Mangie Transport – sister company of Precious Grace Transport
  • Marikina Auto Line Transport Corporation (MALTC) – One of the oldest bus company in the Philippines. Plying (MontalbanBaclaran via EDSA, Ayala, Aurora Blvd.), ( San Mateo – Baclaran via EDSA, Ayala, Commonwealth Ave., Batasan Road.), and ( Navotas – Baclaran via EDSA, Ayala ).
  • Marlea Transport – undermanaged by Jayross Lucky Seven Tours
  • Malanday Metrolink
  • Mayamy Trans/Magicline Express
  • McArthur Express – operated by: JMA Transport/Kingsam Express
  • Mersan (Snow White)
  • Metro Manila Transit Corp. (MMTC) – the first bus company owned by the Philippine government under the Marcos regime, established in 1981 during the Iran–Iraq War but the operation was crippled by the EDSA People Power Revolution in 1986, and later became bankrupt in 1995. On the defunct MMTC shattered into four bus companies – United Workers Transport Corp. (Went bankrupt in 2009), DCOMMP (Drivers, Conductors, Mechanics Multipurpose) Transport Service Cooperative, Filcomtrans (went bankrupt in 1999), and Fastrans (went bankrupt in 2007).
  • Metro Manila Bus Co. (MMBC) – owned by JAC Liner Inc., it plys the Baclaran–SM Fairview route. It is thought to be the successor to the original Metrobus in the late 1980s to the 1990s.
  • MGP Trans *
  • MJ Sunville Transport
  • NAIA Metro Link
  • NAFTI Transport – sister company of Cher Transport plying FTI - Navotas via EDSA
  • NAIA MetroLink
  • Newman Goldliner Inc.
  • Nicholas Albert Transport Inc.
  • Northstar Transport Inc. (NTI)
  • Nova Auto Transport
  • NS Trans
  • Original Transport Service And Multi Purpose Cooperative
  • Pamana Transport Services Inc.
  • Panda Transit Express (under Jayross)
  • Pandacan Transport
  • Pascual Liner, Inc.
  • Philippians Bus Line Inc. – sister Company of Newman Goldliner
  • Philippine Corinthian Liner Inc. defunct (franchise revoke). as of now it serves us as the McArthur Express route Alabang,Muntilupa – Malanday
  • Phil. Touristers Inc. – Subsidiary of JAM
  • Philippians Bus Line - under Newman Goldliner
  • Precious Grace Transport operated by Cher transport
  • Princess Youhan And Chrisa Transport
  • PVP Liner – Started operations in 1984 by the late Panfilo V. Pajarillo, which the bus company was named after. It was dubbed as the "Morning Star" before changing into "Rising Star" with its air–conditioned units in 1995, and it currently operates the Asturias (Lawton, Santa Cruz) to Ayala route via Taft Avenue, Buendia, and Ayala Avenue. The company also operated the FTI to Navotas Terminal route via EDSA, but it was sold to CHER Transport in 2006 and now operating under the name of NAFTI Transport.
  • Queenstown (changed to shuttle bus service)
  • Reinalyn Bus Lines Corp – formerly ALTRANSCO, it operates in Las Piñas City & Muntinlupa, plying route of Alabang (Muntinlupa) – Plaza Lawton (Manila) via Las Piñas, Coastal Road
  • RBM Grand Rally Trans, Inc. – a sister company of Jackpherlyn Transport
  • Renan Transit
  • Royal Couple
  • Royal Star Transport, Inc.
  • ROV Transport Inc. - Navotas - EDSA _ Baclaran
  • RRCG Transport – a bus company that operated in City & Provincial, plying AlabangNavotas via EDSA, Baclaran – SM Fairview via EDSA Ayala Taytay/CaintaQuiapo via Ortigas Ave. and Siniloan – PICC via EDSA – Ayala, Tanay. Owned and operated by EMBC.
  • RS Master Inc. – owned by Northstar Transport Inc.
  • Safeway Bus Lines Inc. – sister company of Vil 5000 Inc.
  • San Agustin - owned by Tas Trans group of companies, plying from Alabang/Pilar
  • Seven Sky Express Liner (former Malanday Gold Express Corp.)
  • St. Martin of Tours Trailways Inc. – sister company of Pamana Transport Services Inc.
  • Stella Mae Star Bus
  • Saint Rose Transit
  • Sampaguita Auto Transport (formerly RAMT)
  • Sta. Rita Transport Corp.
  • Santrans/SST
  • Shem Transport
  • Taguig Metro Link
  • Tas Trans Corp. – owned by Tas Trans Group of Companies, plying from Alabang/Pilar (Muntinlupa/Las Piñas) – Lawton/Santa Cruz (Manila)
  • Thelman Transit – sister company of Armi Josh
  • Universal Guiding Star Bus Line – sister company of Everlasting Bus Co., Inc.
  • V-1 Bus Line
  • Valenzuela Transport Services Cooperative - Formerly BOTSC (Bus Operators Transport Services Cooperative) operated by Sampaguita Auto Transport
  • Vil 5000 Inc. (formerly known as Vilfran Liner)
  • Valisno Express – sister company of Gasat Express and also have a Provincial Operation *
  • Viofel Liner Inc. (formerly Astroliner Inc.)
  • Voyager Express Liner
  • Worthy Transport Inc.(HM Transport Group of Buses)
  • Unicab Transport
  • Universal Guiding Star Bus Line – sister company of Everlasting Bus Company, Inc.
  • Yohance Express Inc. – operated by First North Luzon Transit and a sister company of Joanna Jesh Transport Corp.

– Note: Asterisk (*) denotes Franchise revoked by LTFRB since September 2015.

See also

References

  1. "Holden's Hoverd lands at Higer". BusNews.com.au. Retrieved July 2, 2015.
  2. The Guinayangan Republic
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