List of sovereign states in 1938

Sovereign states

Political map of the world in September 1938

Flag map of the world in 1938

A

• Afghanistan - Kingdom of Afghanistan
• Albania - Albanian Kingdom
•  Andorra - Principality of Andorra
•  Argentina - Argentine Republic
•  Australia - Commonwealth of Australia (Dominion of the British Empire)
• Austria - Federal State of Austria (to March 12)

B

•  Belgium - Kingdom of Belgium
•  Bolivia - Republic of Bolivia
• Brazil - Republic of the United States of Brazil
•  Bulgaria - Kingdom of Bulgaria

C

•  Canada - Dominion of Canada
•  Chile - Republic of Chile
• China - Republic of China
•  Colombia - Republic of Colombia
•  Costa Rica - Republic of Costa Rica
•  Cuba - Republic of Cuba
•  Czechoslovakia
  • Czechoslovak Republic (to September 30)
  • Czecho-Slovak Republic (from September 30)

D

•  Danzig - Free City of Danzig
•  Denmark - Kingdom of Denmark
•  Dominican Republic

E

•  Ecuador - Republic of Ecuador
•  Egypt - Kingdom of Egypt
•  El Salvador - Republic of El Salvador
• Republic of Estonia

F

•  Finland - Republic of Finland
• France - French Republic

G

•  Germany - German Reich
•  Greece - Kingdom of Greece
•  Guatemala - Republic of Guatemala

H

•  Haiti - Republic of Haiti
• Hatay - Hatay State (from September 7)
•  Honduras - Republic of Honduras
• Hungary - Kingdom of Hungary

I

• Iceland - Kingdom of Iceland
• Iran - Imperial State of Iran
• Iraq - Kingdom of Iraq
• Ireland - Republic of Ireland
•  Italy - Kingdom of Italy

J

•  Japan - Empire of Japan

L

•  Latvia - Republic of Latvia
•  Liberia - Republic of Liberia
•  Liechtenstein - Principality of Liechtenstein
•  Lithuania - Republic of Lithuania
•  Luxembourg - Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

M

•  Mexico - United Mexican States
•  Monaco - Principality of Monaco
• Mongolia - Mongolian People's Republic

N

• Nepal - Kingdom of Nepal
•  Netherlands - Kingdom of the Netherlands
• New Zealand - Dominion of New Zealand (Dominion of the British Empire)
•  Nicaragua - Republic of Nicaragua
•  Norway - Kingdom of Norway

P

•  Panama - Republic of Panama
•  Paraguay - Republic of Paraguay
•  Peru - Peruvian Republic
• Poland - Republic of Poland
• Portugal - Portuguese Republic

R

•  Romania - Kingdom of Romania

S

•  San Marino - Most Serene Republic of San Marino
•  Saudi Arabia - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
•  Siam - Kingdom of Siam
•  South Africa - Union of South Africa
•  Soviet Union - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
• Spain (Disputed between two governments)
  •  Spanish Republic
  • Spanish State
•  Sweden - Kingdom of Sweden
•   Switzerland - Swiss Confederation

T

•  Turkey - Republic of Turkey

U

•  United Kingdom - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
•  United States - United States of America
•  Uruguay - Eastern Republic of Uruguay

V

•   Vatican City - Vatican City State
•  Venezuela - United States of Venezuela

Y

• Yemen - Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen
•  Yugoslavia - Kingdom of Yugoslavia

Other states

• China, Provisional Government of - Provisional Government of the Republic of China
• China, Reformed Government of - Reformed Government of the Republic of China (from March 28)
•  Manchukuo - Great Empire of Manchuria
•  Tibet
•  Tuva - Tuvan People's Republic

Non-Sovereign Territories

Australia

• Australian Antarctic Territory (Uninhabited external territory)
• Norfolk Island - Territory of Norfolk Island (External territory)
•  Papua - Territory of Papua (External territory)

Belgium

•  Belgian Congo (Colony)

Condominiums

• Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Anglo-Egyptian condominium)
•  New Hebrides (Anglo-French condominium)

Denmark

• Greenland (Possession)

France

• Adélie Land (Uninhabited possession)
• Clipperton Island (Uninhabited possession)
•  French Equatorial Africa (Colony)
• French Guiana (Colony)
• French India - French Establishments in India (Colony)
•  French Indochina (Federation of protectorates)
• French Oceania - French Establishments in Oceania (Colony)
•  French Somaliland (Colony)
•  French West Africa (Colony)
• Guadeloupe (Colony)
• Inini (Colony)
• Madagascar (Colony)
• Martinique (Colony)
•  Morocco - Sultanate of Morocco (de jure sovereign state under French and Spanish protectorate)^[1][2]
•  New Caledonia - New Caledonia and Dependencies (Colony)
• Réunion (Colony)
•  Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Colony)
• Shanghai (Concession)
• Tientsin (Concession)
• Tunisia - Tunisian Realm (Protectorate)

International

• Shanghai - Shanghai International Settlement (International concession)
• Tangier - City of Tangier (de jure Moroccan city under International administration)

Italy

• Italian East Africa (Colony)
• Italian Libya (Colony)
• Tientsin (Concession)

Japan

• Chōsen (Dependency)
• Karafuto - Karafuto Prefecture (Dependency)
• Kwantung - Kwantung Leased Territory (Concession)
• Taiwan (Dependency)
• Tientsin (Concession)

League of Nations Mandates

• British Cameroons (administered by the United Kingdom)
• British Togoland (Administered by the United Kingdom)
• French Cameroons (administered by France)
• French Togoland (administered by France)
• Nauru (administered by Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom)
• New Guinea - Territory of New Guinea (administered by Australia)
•  Palestine (administered by the United Kingdom)
  • Transjordan - Emirate of Transjordan (administered by the United Kingdom)
• Ruanda-Urundi (administered by Belgium)
• South Pacific Mandate (administered by Japan)
• South-West Africa (administered by South Africa)
• Syria and Lebanon (administered by France)
  • Lebanon - Lebanese Republic (administered by France)
  • Syria - Syrian Republic (administered by France)
• Tanganyika - Tanganyika Territory (administered by the United Kingdom)
•  Western Samoa (administered by New Zealand)

Netherlands

• Curaçao and Dependencies (Colony)
• Dutch East Indies (Colony)
• Surinam (Colony)

New Zealand

• Cook Islands (Dependent territory)
• Niue Island (Dependent territory)
• Ross Dependency (Uninhabited dependent territory)
• Union Islands (Dependent territory)

Norway

• Bouvet Island (Uninhabited possession)
• Peter I Island (Uninhabited possession)
• Queen Maud Land (from January 14, Uninhabited possession)

Portugal

•  Portuguese Cape Verde (Colony)
• Macau (Colony)
• Portuguese East Africa (Colony)
•  Portuguese Guinea (Colony)
• Portuguese India - Portuguese State of India (Colony)
•  Portuguese Timor (Colony)
• Portuguese West Africa (Colony)
• São João Baptista de Ajudá - Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá (Possession)
• São Tomé and Príncipe (Colony)

Spain

• Ifni (Colony, controlled by Nationalist forces)
•  Spanish Guinea (Colony, controlled by Nationalist forces)
• Spanish Morocco (Sultanate of Morocco, de jure sovereign state under French and Spanish protectorate,^[1][2] Spanish zone controlled by Nationalist forces)
•  Spanish Sahara (Colony, controlled by Nationalist forces)

United Kingdom

•  Aden - Aden Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
•  Bahama Islands (Crown colony)
• Bahrain - State of Bahrain (Protectorate)
•  Barbados (Crown colony)
• Basutoland - Territory of Basutoland (Crown colony)
• Bechuanaland - Bechuanaland Protectorate (Protectorate)
• Bermuda (Crown colony)
•   Bhutan - Kingdom of Bhutan (Independent state under Treaty of Punakha)
•  British Guiana (Crown colony)
•  British Honduras (Crown colony)
• British Leeward Islands - Federal Colony of the Leeward Islands (Crown colony)
• British Somaliland - British Somaliland Protectorate (Protectorate)
• British Western Pacific Territories (Crown colony)
• British Windward Islands - Federal Colony of the Windward Islands (Crown colony)
•  Brunei - State of Brunei (Protectorate)
• Burma (Crown colony)
•  Ceylon (Crown colony)
•  Cyprus (Crown colony)
• Falkland Islands (Crown colony)
• Federated Malay States (Protectorate)
• Gambia - Gambia Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
•  Gibraltar (Crown colony)
•  Gold Coast (Crown colony)
•  Guernsey - Bailiwick of Guernsey (Crown dependency)
• Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Uninhabited possession)
•  Hong Kong (Crown colony)
•  India - Indian Empire (Crown colony)
• Isle of Man (Crown dependency)
•  Jamaica (Crown colony)
•  Jersey - Bailiwick of Jersey (Crown dependency)
•  Johor - State of Johor Darul Ta'zim (Protectorate)
•  Kedah - State of Kedah Darul Aman (Protectorate)
•  Kelantan - State of Kelantan Darul Naim (Protectorate)
•  Kenya - Kenya Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
•  Kuwait - State of Kuwait (Protectorate)
• Maldive Islands - Sultanate of the Maldive Islands (Protectorate)
•  Malta (Crown colony)
•  Mauritius (Crown colony)
• Muscat and Oman - Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (State under the informal protection)
• Newfoundland - Dominion of Newfoundland (Crown colony)
•  Nigeria - Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria (Crown colony and protectorate)
•  North Borneo (Protectorate)
• Northern Rhodesia - Protectorate of Northern Rhodesia (Protectorate)
•  Nyasaland - Nyasaland Protectorate (Protectorate)
•  Perlis - State of Perlis Indera Kayangan (Protectorate)
• Qatar - State of Qatar (Protectorate)
• Saint Helena (Crown colony)
• Sarawak - Kingdom of Sarawak (Protectorate)
• Seychelles (Crown colony)
• Sierra Leone - Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
•  Southern Rhodesia - Colony of Southern Rhodesia (Crown colony)
•  Straits Settlements (Crown colony)
• Suez Canal Zone (Crown colony)
• Swaziland - Swaziland Protectorate (Protectorate)
• Terengganu - State of Terengganu Darul Iman (Protectorate)
•  Trinidad and Tobago (Crown colony)
• Tristan da Cunha (to January 12, Crown colony)
• Trucial States (Protectorate)
•  Uganda (Crown colony)
• Zanzibar - Sultanate of Zanzibar (Protectorate)

United States

• Alaska - Alaska Territory (Territory)
• American Samoa - Territory of American Samoa (Territory)
• Baker Island (Uninhabited territory)
• Guam - Territory of Guam (Territory)
• Hawaii - Territory of Hawaii (Territory)
• Howland Island (Uninhabited territory)
• Jarvis Island (Uninhabited territory)
• Johnston Atoll (Uninhabited territory)
• Kingman Reef (Uninhabited territory)
• Midway Atoll (Uninhabited territory)
• Navassa Island (Uninhabited territory)
•  Panama Canal Zone (Territory)
•  Philippine Commonwealth - Commonwealth of the Philippines (Semi-independent self-governing commonwealth of the United States)
• Puerto Rico (Territory)
•  United States Virgin Islands (Territory)
• Wake Island (Uninhabited territory)

References

1. International Law: Achievements and Prospects, p. 51, at Google Books
2. Repertory of Decisions of the International Court of Justice (1947–1992), p. 453, at Google Books