List of world records in swimming

Michael Phelps currently holds the most world records in swimming with seven.

The world records in swimming are ratified by the international governing body of swimming FINA. Records can be set in long course (50 metres) or short course (25 metres) swimming pools. FINA recognises world records in the following events for both men and women,^[1][2] except for the mixed relays, where teams consist of two men and two women, in any order.

• Freestyle: 50 m, 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 800 m, 1500 m
• Backstroke: 50 m, 100 m, 200 m
• Breaststroke: 50 m, 100 m, 200 m
• Butterfly: 50 m, 100 m, 200 m
• Individual medley: 100 m (short course only), 200 m, 400 m
• Relays: 4×50 m freestyle relay (short course only), 4×100 m freestyle, 4×200 m freestyle, 4×50 m medley relay (short course only), 4×100 m medley
• Mixed relays: 4×50 m mixed freestyle (short course only), 4×100 m mixed freestyle (long course only), 4×50 m mixed medley (short course only), 4×100 m mixed medley (long course only)

History

The long course (LCM) records are significantly older than the short course (SCM) records, and are generally viewed as the more prestigious of the two. LCM records originate as early as the early 1900s (later in the cases of butterfly evolving out of breaststroke). As for SCM, FINA first began the recognition process for these records in March 1991, with the establishment/setting of a standard time in each event (generally tied to the then-known World Best Time (WBT)), which had to be bettered in order for FINA's initially recognized "World Record" in the short course event.

The ratification process is described in FINA Rule SW12,^[1] and involves submission of paperwork certifying the accuracy of the timing system and the length of the pool, satisfaction of FINA rules regarding swimwear and a negative doping test by the swimmer(s) involved. Records can be set at intermediate distances in an individual race and for the first leg of a relay race. Records which have not yet been fully ratified are marked with a '#' symbol in these lists.

Most, but not all, of the records below were established by swimmers wearing bodysuits or suits made of polyurethane or other non-textile materials allowed in the race pool from February 2008 until December 2009. On the eve of the 2009 FINA World Championships in Rome, the international governing body for five Olympic aquatic sports voted to ban the use of bodysuits and all suits made of non-textile materials starting 1 January 2010.^[3][4] The suits seemed to improve the performance in those with larger physiques, boosting performance in some athletes more than others, depending on morphology and physiology,^[5] and creating an angle of buoyancy that was improved in some more than on others..

On July 25, 2013 FINA Technical Swimming Congress voted to allow world records in the long course mixed 400 free relay and mixed 400 medley relay, as well as in six events in short course meters: the mixed 200 medley and 200 free relays, as well as the men's and women's 200 free relays and the men's and women's 200 medley relays.^[6] In October 2013 FINA decided to establish "standards" before something can be recognized as the first World Record in these events.^[7] But later on March 13, 2014 FINA has officially ratified the eight world records set by Indiana University swimmers at the IU Relay Rally held on September 26, 2013 in Bloomington.^[8]

Long course

Men

Event	Time		Name	Nationality	Date	Meet	Location	Ref
50 m freestyle	20.91		Cielo, CésarCésar Cielo	Brazil	18 December 2009	Brazilian Championships	São Paulo, Brazil	[9][10]
100 m freestyle	46.91		Cielo, CésarCésar Cielo	Brazil	30 July 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[11][12]
200 m freestyle	1:42.00		Biedermann, PaulPaul Biedermann	Germany	28 July 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[13][14]
400 m freestyle	3:40.07		Biedermann, PaulPaul Biedermann	Germany	26 July 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[15][16]
800 m freestyle	7:32.12		Zhang Lin	China	29 July 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[17][18]
1500 m freestyle	14:31.02		Sun Yang	China	4 August 2012	Olympic Games	London, United Kingdom	[19]
50 m backstroke	24.04		Tancock, LiamLiam Tancock	Great Britain	2 August 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[20][21]
100 m backstroke	51.94		Peirsol, AaronAaron Peirsol	United States	8 July 2009	US Championships	Indianapolis, United States	[22][23]
200 m backstroke	1:51.92		Peirsol, AaronAaron Peirsol	United States	31 July 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[24][25]
50 m breaststroke	26.42	sf	Peaty, AdamAdam Peaty	Great Britain	4 August 2015	World Championships	Kazan, Russia	[26]
100 m breaststroke	57.92		Peaty, AdamAdam Peaty	Great Britain	17 April 2015	British Championships	London, United Kingdom	[27]
200 m breaststroke	2:07.01		Yamaguchi, AkihiroAkihiro Yamaguchi	Japan	15 September 2012	National Games	Gifu, Gifu, Japan	[28]
50 m butterfly	22.43	sf	Muñoz, RafaelRafael Muñoz	Spain	5 April 2009	Spanish Championships	Málaga, Spain	[29][30]
100 m butterfly	49.82		Phelps, MichaelMichael Phelps	United States	1 August 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[31][32]
200 m butterfly	1:51.51		Phelps, MichaelMichael Phelps	United States	29 July 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[33][34]
200 m individual medley	1:54.00		Lochte, RyanRyan Lochte	United States	28 July 2011	World Championships	Shanghai, China	[35][36]
400 m individual medley	4:03.84		Phelps, MichaelMichael Phelps	United States	10 August 2008	Olympic Games	Beijing, China	[37][38]
4×100 m freestyle relay	3:08.24		(47.51) Michael Phelps  (47.02) Garrett Weber-Gale  (47.65) Cullen Jones  (46.06) Jason Lezak	United States	11 August 2008	Olympic Games	Beijing, China	[39][40]
4×200 m freestyle relay	6:58.55		(1:44.49) Michael Phelps  (1:44.13) Ricky Berens  (1:45.47) David Walters  (1:44.46) Ryan Lochte	United States	31 July 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[41][42]
4×100 m medley relay	3:27.28		(52.19) Aaron Peirsol  (58.57) Eric Shanteau  (49.72) Michael Phelps  (46.80) David Walters	United States	2 August 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[43][44]

Legend: # – Record awaiting ratification by FINA;
Records not set in finals: h – heat; sf – semifinal; r – relay 1st leg; rh – relay heat 1st leg; b – B final; † – en route to final mark; tt – time trial

Women

Event	Time		Name	Nationality	Date	Meet	Location	Ref
50 m freestyle	23.73		Steffen, BrittaBritta Steffen	Germany	2 August 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[45][46]
100 m freestyle	52.07		Steffen, BrittaBritta Steffen	Germany	31 July 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[47][48]
200 m freestyle	1:52.98		Pellegrini, FedericaFederica Pellegrini	Italy	29 July 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[49][50]
400 m freestyle	3:58.37		Ledecky, KatieKatie Ledecky	United States	23 August 2014	Pan Pacific Championships	Gold Coast, Australia	[51]
800 m freestyle	8:06.68		Ledecky, KatieKatie Ledecky	United States	17 January 2016	Pro Swim Series	Austin, United States	[52]
1500 m freestyle	15:25.48		Ledecky, KatieKatie Ledecky	United States	4 August 2015	World Championships	Kazan, Russia	[53]
50 m backstroke	27.06		Zhao Jing	China	30 July 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[54][55]
100 m backstroke	58.12		Spofforth, GemmaGemma Spofforth	Great Britain	28 July 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[56][57]
200 m backstroke	2:04.06		Franklin, MissyMissy Franklin	United States	3 August 2012	Olympic Games	London, United Kingdom	[58]
50 m breaststroke	29.48	sf	Meilutytė, RūtaRūta Meilutytė	Lithuania	3 August 2013	World Championships	Barcelona, Spain	[59]
100 m breaststroke	1:04.35	sf	Meilutytė, RūtaRūta Meilutytė	Lithuania	29 July 2013	World Championships	Barcelona, Spain	[60]
200 m breaststroke	2:19.11	sf	Pedersen, Rikke MøllerRikke Møller Pedersen	Denmark	1 August 2013	World Championships	Barcelona, Spain	[61]
50 m butterfly	24.43		Sjöström, SarahSarah Sjöström	Sweden	5 July 2014	Swedish Championships	Borås, Sweden	[62]
100 m butterfly	55.64		Sjöström, SarahSarah Sjöström	Sweden	3 August 2015	World Championships	Kazan, Russia	[63]
200 m butterfly	2:01.81		Liu Zige	China	21 October 2009	Chinese National Games	Jinan, China	[64]
200 m individual medley	2:06.12		Hosszú, KatinkaKatinka Hosszú	Hungary	3 August 2015	World Championships	Kazan, Russia	[65]
400 m individual medley	4:28.43		Ye Shiwen	China	28 July 2012	Olympic Games	London, United Kingdom	[66]
4×100 m freestyle relay	3:30.98		(53.15) Bronte Campbell  (52.76) Melanie Schlanger  (52.91) Emma McKeon  (52.16) Cate Campbell	Australia	24 July 2014	Commonwealth Games	Glasgow, United Kingdom	[67]
4×200 m freestyle relay	7:42.08		(1:55.47) Yang Yu  (1:55.79) Zhu Qianwei  (1:56.09) Liu Jing  (1:54.73) Pang Jiaying	China	30 July 2009	World Championships	Rome, Italy	[68][69]
4×100 m medley relay	3:52.05		(58.50) Missy Franklin  (1:04.82) Rebecca Soni  (55.48) Dana Vollmer  (53.25) Allison Schmitt	United States	4 August 2012	Olympic Games	London, United Kingdom	[70]

Legend: # – Record awaiting ratification by FINA;
Records not set in finals: h – heat; sf – semifinal; r – relay 1st leg; rh – relay heat 1st leg; b – B final; † – en route to final mark; tt – time trial

Mixed relay

Event	Time		Name	Nationality	Date	Meet	Location	Ref
4×100 m freestyle relay	3:23.05		(48.79) Ryan Lochte  (47.29) Nathan Adrian  (53.66) Simone Manuel  (53.31) Missy Franklin	United States	8 August 2015	World Championships	Kazan, Russia	[71]
4×100 m medley relay	3:41.71		(52.94) Christopher Walker-Hebborn  (57.98) Adam Peaty  (57.02) Siobhan-Marie O'Connor  (53.77) Francesca Halsall	Great Britain	5 August 2015	World Championships	Kazan, Russia	[72]

Legend: # – Record awaiting ratification by FINA;
Records not set in finals: h – heat

Short course

Men

Event	Time		Name	Nationality	Date	Meet	Location	Ref
50 m freestyle	20.26		Manaudou, FlorentFlorent Manaudou	France	5 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[73]
100 m freestyle	44.94		Leveaux, AmauryAmaury Leveaux	France	13 December 2008	European SC Championships	Rijeka, Croatia	[74][75]
200 m freestyle	1:39.37		Biedermann, PaulPaul Biedermann	Germany	15 November 2009	World Cup	Berlin, Germany	[76][77][78]
400 m freestyle	3:32.25		Agnel, YannickYannick Agnel	France	15 November 2012	French Nationals	Angers, France	[79]
800 m freestyle	7:23.42		Hackett, GrantGrant Hackett	Australia	20 July 2008	Victoria SC Championships	Melbourne, Australia	[80]
1500 m freestyle	14:08.06		Paltrinieri, GregorioGregorio Paltrinieri	Italy	4 December 2015	European Championships	Netanya, Israel	[81]
50 m backstroke	22.22		Manaudou, FlorentFlorent Manaudou	France	6 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[82]
100 m backstroke	48.92		Grevers, MattMatt Grevers	United States	12 December 2015	Duel in the Pool	Indianapolis, United States	[83]
200 m backstroke	1:45.63		Larkin, MitchMitch Larkin	Australia	27 November 2015	Australian Championships	Sydney, Australia	[84]
50 m breaststroke	25.25		van der Burgh, CameronCameron van der Burgh	South Africa	14 November 2009	World Cup	Berlin, Germany	[78]
100 m breaststroke	55.61		van der Burgh, CameronCameron van der Burgh	South Africa	15 November 2009	World Cup	Berlin, Germany	[78]
200 m breaststroke	2:00.48		Gyurta, DánielDániel Gyurta	Hungary	31 August 2014	World Cup	Dubai, United Arab Emirates	[85]
50 m butterfly	21.80		Deibler, SteffenSteffen Deibler	Germany	14 November 2009	World Cup	Berlin, Germany	[78]
100 m butterfly	48.44		le Clos, ChadChad le Clos	South Africa	4 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[86]
200 m butterfly	1:48.56		le Clos, ChadChad le Clos	South Africa	5 November 2013	World Cup	Singapore, Singapore	[87]
100 m individual medley	50.66		Deibler, MarkusMarkus Deibler	Germany	7 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[88]
200 m individual medley	1:49.63		Lochte, RyanRyan Lochte	United States	14 December 2012	World SC Championships	Istanbul, Turkey	[89]
400 m individual medley	3:55.50		Lochte, RyanRyan Lochte	United States	16 December 2010	World SC Championships	Dubai, United Arab Emirates	[90]
4×50 m freestyle relay	1:22.60		(21.01) Vladimir Morozov  (20.37) Evgeny Sedov  (20.59) Oleg Tikhobaev  (20.63) Sergei Fesikov	Russia	6 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[91]
4×100 m freestyle relay	3:03.30		(45.08) Nathan Adrian  (44.68) Matt Grevers  (47.43) Garrett Weber-Gale  (46.11) Michael Phelps	United States	19 December 2009	Duel in the Pool	Manchester, United Kingdom	[92]
4×200 m freestyle relay	6:49.04		(1:42.10) Nikita Lobintsev  (1:42.15) Danila Izotov  (1:42.32) Yevgeny Lagunov  (1:42.47) Alexander Sukhorukov	Russia	16 December 2010	World SC Championships	Dubai, United Arab Emirates	[93]
4×50 m medley relay	1:30.51		(23.42) Guilherme Guido  (25.33) Felipe França Silva  (21.68) Nicholas Santos  (20.08) César Cielo Filho	Brazil	4 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[94]
4×100 m medley relay	3:19.16		(49.63) Stanislav Donets  (56.43) Sergey Geybel  (48.35) Yevgeny Korotyshkin  (44.75) Danila Izotov	Russia	20 December 2009	Vladimir Salnikov Cup	Saint Petersburg, Russia	[95]

Legend: # – Record awaiting ratification by FINA;
Records not set in finals: h – heat; sf – semifinal; r – relay 1st leg; rh – relay heat 1st leg; b – B final; † – en route to final mark; tt – time trial

Women

Event	Time		Name	Nationality	Date	Meet	Location	Ref
50 m freestyle	23.24	=	Kromowidjojo, RanomiRanomi Kromowidjojo	Netherlands	7 August 2013	World Cup	Eindhoven, Netherlands	[96]
50 m freestyle	23.24	=	Kromowidjojo, RanomiRanomi Kromowidjojo	Netherlands	12 December 2015	Duel in the Pool	Indianapolis, United States	[83]
100 m freestyle	51.01		Trickett, LibbyLibby Trickett	Australia	10 August 2009	Australian Championships	Hobart, Australia	[97]
100 m freestyle	50.91	†#	Campbell, CateCate Campbell	Australia	28 November 2015	Australian Championships	Sydney, Australia	[98]
200 m freestyle	1:50.78		Sjöström, SarahSarah Sjöström	Sweden	7 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[99]
400 m freestyle	3:54.52		Belmonte García, MireiaMireia Belmonte García	Spain	11 August 2013	World Cup	Berlin, Germany	[100]
800 m freestyle	7:59.34		Belmonte García, MireiaMireia Belmonte García	Spain	10 August 2013	World Cup	Berlin, Germany	[101]
1500 m freestyle	15:19.71		Belmonte García, MireiaMireia Belmonte García	Spain	12 December 2014	Spanish Championships	Sabadell, Spain	[102]
50 m backstroke	25.67		Medeiros, EtieneEtiene Medeiros	Brazil	7 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[103]
100 m backstroke	55.03		Hosszú, KatinkaKatinka Hosszú	Hungary	4 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[104]
200 m backstroke	1:59.23		Hosszú, KatinkaKatinka Hosszú	Hungary	5 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[105]
50 m breaststroke	28.80		Hardy, JessicaJessica Hardy	United States	14 November 2009	World Cup	Berlin, Germany	[106]
100 m breaststroke	1:02.36	=	Meilutytė, RūtaRūta Meilutytė	Lithuania	12 October 2013	World Cup	Moscow, Russia	[107]
100 m breaststroke	1:02.36	=	Atkinson, AliaAlia Atkinson	Jamaica	6 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[108]
200 m breaststroke	2:14.57		Soni, RebeccaRebecca Soni	United States	18 December 2009	Duel in the Pool	Manchester, United Kingdom
50 m butterfly	24.38		Alshammar, ThereseTherese Alshammar	Sweden	22 November 2009	World Cup	Singapore, Singapore	[109]
100 m butterfly	54.61		Sjöström, SarahSarah Sjöström	Sweden	7 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[110]
200 m butterfly	1:59.61		Belmonte Garcia, MireiaMireia Belmonte Garcia	Spain	3 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[111]
100 m individual medley	56.67		Hosszú, KatinkaKatinka Hosszú	Hungary	4 December 2015	European Championships	Netanya, Israel	[112]
200 m individual medley	2:01.86		Hosszú, KatinkaKatinka Hosszú	Hungary	6 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[113]
400 m individual medley	4:19.46	h	Hosszú, KatinkaKatinka Hosszú	Hungary	2 December 2015	European Championships	Netanya, Israel	[114]
4×50 m freestyle relay	1:34.24		(24.09) Inge Dekker  (23.24) Femke Heemskerk  (24.03) Maud van der Meer  (22.88) Ranomi Kromowidjojo	Netherlands	7 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[115]
4×100 m freestyle relay	3:26.53		(52.39) Inge Dekker  (50.58) Femke Heemskerk  (52.55) Maud van der Meer  (51.01) Ranomi Kromowidjojo	Netherlands	5 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[116]
4×200 m freestyle relay	7:32.85		(1:54.73) Inge Dekker  (1:51.22) Femke Heemskerk  (1:54.17) Ranomi Kromowidjojo  (1:52.73) Sharon van Rouwendaal	Netherlands	3 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[117]
4×50 m medley relay	1:44.04		(26.39) Mie Nielsen  (29.56) Rikke Møller Pedersen  (24.09) Jeanette Ottesen  (24.00) Pernille Blume	Denmark	5 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[118]
4×100 m medley relay	3:45.20		(56.08) Courtney Bartholomew  (1:02.88) Katie Meili  (55.01) Kelsi Worrell  (51.23) Simone Manuel	United States	11 December 2015	Duel in the Pool	Indianapolis, United States	[119]

Legend: # – Record awaiting ratification by FINA;
Records not set in finals: h – heat; sf – semifinal; r – relay 1st leg; rh – relay heat 1st leg; b – B final; † – en route to final mark; tt – time trial

Mixed relay

Event	Time		Name	Nationality	Date	Meet	Location	Ref
4×50 m freestyle relay	1:28.57		(20.94) Josh Schneider  (20.75) Matt Grevers  (23.63) Madison Kennedy  (23.25) Abbey Weitzeil	United States	6 December 2014	World SC Championships	Doha, Qatar	[120][121]
4×50 m medley relay	1:37.17		(22.88) Eugene Godsoe  (25.40) Kevin Cordes  (25.28) Claire Donahue  (23.61) Simone Manuel	United States	21 December 2013	Duel in the Pool	Glasgow, United Kingdom	[122]

Legend: # – Record awaiting ratification by FINA;
Records not set in finals: h – heat

Record holders' rankings

By nation

Nation	Record tally	LC	SC	Total	LC	SC	Total	LC	SC	Total
		Men			Women			Mixed
United States	24	9	4	13	5	3	8	1	2	3
Germany	7	2	3	5	2		2
Hungary	7		1	1	1	5	6
China	6	2		2	4		4
Spain	5	1		1		4	4
Great Britain	5	3		3	1		1	1		1
Sweden	5				2	3	5
Australia	4		2	2	1	1	2
South Africa	4		4	4
Brazil	4	2	1	3		1	1
France	4		4	4
Netherlands	4					4	4
Russia	3		3	3
Lithuania	3				2	1	3
Denmark	2				1	1	2
Italy	2		1		1		2
Jamaica	1					1	1
Japan	1	1		1
Total	91	20	23	43	20	24	44	2	2	4

By athlete (men)

Record count	Name	Nationality	Events
7	Michael Phelps	United States	100 m butterfly LC 200 m butterfly LC 400 m individual medley LC 4 × 100 m freestyle relay LC 4 × 200 m freestyle relay LC 4 × 100 m medley relay LC 4 × 100 m freestyle relay SC
5	Ryan Lochte		200m individual medley LC 4 × 100 m mixed freestyle relay LC 4 × 200 m freestyle relay LC 200 m individual medley SC 400 m individual medley SC
3	Cesar Cielo	Brazil	50 m freestyle LC 100 m freestyle LC 4×50 m medley relay SC
	Paul Biedermann	Germany	200 m freestyle LC 400 m freestyle LC 200 m freestyle SC
	Aaron Peirsol	United States	100 m backstroke LC 200 m backstroke LC 4 × 100 m medley relay LC
	Adam Peaty	United Kingdom	50 m breaststroke LC 100 m breaststroke LC 4 × 100 m mixed medley relay LC

By athlete (women)

Record count	Name	Nationality	Events
6	Katinka Hosszú	Hungary	200 m individual medley LC 100 m backstroke SC 200 m backstroke SC 100 m individual medley SC 200 m individual medley SC 400 m individual medley SC
4	Mireia Belmonte	Spain	400 m freestyle SC 800 m freestyle SC 1500 m freestyle SC 200 m butterfly SC
	Ranomi Kromowidjojo	Netherlands	50 m freestyle SC 4 × 50 m freestyle relay SC 4 × 100 m freestyle relay SC 4 × 200 m freestyle relay SC
	Sarah Sjöström	Sweden	50 m butterfly LC 100 m butterfly LC 200 m freestyle SC 100 m butterfly SC
3	Inge Dekker	Netherlands	4 × 50 m freestyle relay SC 4 × 100 m freestyle relay SC 4 × 200 m freestyle relay SC
	Femke Heemskerk	Netherlands	4 × 50 m freestyle relay SC 4 × 100 m freestyle relay SC 4 × 200 m freestyle relay SC
	Katie Ledecky	United States	400 m freestyle LC 800 m freestyle LC 1500 m freestyle LC
	Rūta Meilutytė	Lithuania	50 m breaststroke LC 100 m breaststroke LC 100 m breaststroke SC
	Missy Franklin	United States	200 m backstroke LC 4 × 100 m mixed freestyle relay LC 4 × 100 m medley relay LC

Gallery of record holders

Some of the current world record holders in swimming in alphabetical order.

• 

  Yannick Agnel

• 

  Therese Alshammar

• 

  Mireia Belmonte

• 

  César Cielo

• 

  Missy Franklin

• 

  Matt Grevers

• 

  Grant Hackett

• 

  Femke Heemskerk

• 

  Katinka Hosszú

• 

  Ranomi Kromowidjojo

• 

  Chad le Clos

• 

  Katie Ledecky

• 

  Amaury Leveaux

• 

  Jason Lezak

• 

  Ryan Lochte

• 

  Rūta Meilutytė

• 

  Aaron Peirsol

• 

  Federica Pellegrini

• 

  Michael Phelps

• 

  Sarah Sjöström

• 

  Rebecca Soni

• 

  Britta Steffen

• 

  Libby Trickett

• 

  Cameron van der Burgh

• 

  Sun Yang

References

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2. "FINA World Records" (PDF). FINA. 27 July 2015. Retrieved 16 September 2015.
3. "High-tech records to stand". Times Live. 18 January 2010. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
4. Dillman, Lisa (25 July 2009). "FINA bans bodysuits that have led to spate of world records". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
5. Dampf, Andrew (22 June 2011). "New Suits Mean No More Records in Swimming". ABC News. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
6. "FINA Swimming Rules 2013 - 2017 incl. World Record Application Form" (PDF). FINA. 16 August 2013. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
7. Craig Lord (3 October 2013). "FINA To Set World Best Standards For Mixed Relays". swimvortex.com. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
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9. "2009 Brazilian Championships full results" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Confederação Brasileira de Desportos Aquáticos. 18 December 2009. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
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11. "Men's 100 m freestyle final results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 30 July 2009. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
12. Lord, Craig (30 July 2009). "WR: Cielo Cracks Out 46.91 100 Free". swimnews.com. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
13. "Men's 200 m freestyle final results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 30 July 2009. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
14. Lord, Craig (28 July 2009). "WR: Biedermann Blasts Phelps Away in 1:42.00". swimnews.com. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
15. "Men's 400 m freestyle final results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 30 July 2009. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
16. Lord, Craig (26 July 2009). "WR: Biedermann Takes Down Thorpe: 3:40.07". swimnews.com. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
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External links

• FINA swimming world records