Mafenide

Mafenide

Systematic (IUPAC) name
4-(Aminomethyl)benzenesulfonamide
Clinical data
Trade names	Sulfamylon
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
Routes of administration	Topical
Legal status	℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
CAS Number	138-39-6
ATC code	D06BA03 (WHO)
PubChem	CID 3998
ChemSpider	3858
UNII	58447S8P4L
KEGG	D02351
ChEMBL	CHEMBL419
Chemical data
Formula	C7H10N2O2S
Molar mass	186.233 g/mol
SMILES O=S(=O)(c1ccc(cc1)CN)N
InChI InChI=1S/C7H10N2O2S/c8-5-6-1-3-7(4-2-6)12(9,10)11/h1-4H,5,8H2,(H2,9,10,11) Key:TYMRLRRVMHJFTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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Mafenide (INN; usually as mafenide acetate, trade name Sulfamylon) is a sulfonamide-type medication used as an antibiotic. It was approved by the FDA in 1948.

Uses

Mafenide is used to treat severe burns.^[1][2] It is used topically as an adjunctive therapy for second- and third-degree burns. It is bacteriostatic against many gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Some sources state that mafenide is more appropriate for non-facial burns, while chloramphenicol/prednisolone or bacitracin are more appropriate for facial burns.^[3]

Mechanism of action

Mafenide works by reducing the bacterial population present in the avascular tissues of burns and permits spontaneous healing of deep partial-thickness burns.

Adverse reactions

Adverse reactions can include superinfection, pain or burning upon application, rash, pruritus, tachypnea, or hyperventilation. Mafenide is metabolized to a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, which could potentially result in metabolic acidosis.

Drug interactions

There are no significant interactions.

Contraindications

Mafenide is contraindicated in those with sulfonamide hypersensitivity or renal impairment.

Dosage

For use as adjunctive therapy for second- and third-degree burns to prevent infection, adults and children should apply topically to a thickness of approximately 1.6 mm to cleaned and debrided wound once or twice per day with a sterile gloved hand. The burned area should be covered with cream at all times.

References

1. Siuda J. F., Cihonski C. D. (1972). "New compounds: carbamate derivatives of mafenide (homosulfanilamide)". J. Pharm. Sci. 61 (11): 1856–1857. doi:10.1002/jps.2600611143. PMID 4652670.
2. Haynes B. (1971). "Mafenide acetate in Burn Treatment". New England J. Medic. 284 (23): 1324. doi:10.1056/NEJM197106102842310. PMID 5576444.
3. Haik J, Ashkenazy O, Sinai S, et al. (November 2005). "Burn care standards in Israel: lack of consensus". Burns 31 (7): 845–9. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2005.04.012. PMID 15967581.

External links

• Mafenide information on RxList