NLRC5

NLR family, CARD domain containing 5
Identifiers
Symbols	NLRC5 ; CLR16.1; NOD27; NOD4
External IDs	OMIM: 613537 MGI: 3612191 HomoloGene: 88935 IUPHAR: 1765 GeneCards: NLRC5 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding • protein binding • ATP binding Cellular component • nucleus • cytoplasm • cytosol Biological process • negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity • negative regulation of type I interferon production • regulation of kinase activity • innate immune response • positive regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • defense response to virus • positive regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway • negative regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway • positive regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	84166	434341
Ensembl	ENSG00000140853	ENSMUSG00000074151
UniProt	Q86WI3	C3VPR6
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_032206	NM_001033207
RefSeq (protein)	NP_115582	NP_001028379
Location (UCSC)	Chr 16: 56.99 – 57.08 Mb	Chr 8: 94.47 – 94.53 Mb
PubMed search

NLRC5, short for NOD-like receptor family CARD domain containing 5, is an intracellular protein that plays a role in the immune system. NLRC5 is a pattern recognition receptor implicated in innate immunity to viruses potentially by regulating interferon activity.^[1][2][3]

Recently, NLRC5 has been suggested to play a positive role in the regulation of Major Histocompatibility Class I (MHCI) molecule expression.^[4] This aspect of NLRC5 function was further investigated with the help of Nlrc5-deficient mice, which showed reduced MHCI expression in lymphocytes (particularly T, NK and NKT lymphocytes).^[5] In lymphocytes, NLRC5 localizes to the nucleus and drives MHCI gene expression by occupying H-2D and H-2K gene promoters.^[5]

In humans, the NLRC5 protein is encoded by the NLRC5 gene.^[6] It has also been called NOD27, NOD4, and CLR16.1.

References

1. Neerincx A, Lautz K, Menning M, et al. (June 2010). "A Role for the Human Nucleotide-binding Domain, Leucine-rich Repeat-containing Family Member NLRC5 in Antiviral Responses". J Biol Chem 285 (34): 26223–32. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110.109736. PMC 2924034. PMID 20538593.
2. Cui J, Zhu L, Xia X, et al. (April 2010). "NLRC5 negatively regulates the NF-κB and type I interferon signaling pathways and antiviral immunity". Cell 141 (3): 483–96. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.03.040. PMC 3150216. PMID 20434986.
3. Kuenzel S, Till A, Winkler M, et al. (February 2010). "The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor NLRC5 is involved in IFN-dependent antiviral immune responses". J. Immunol. 184 (4): 1990–2000. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0900557. PMID 20061403.
4. Meissner, TB; Li, A; Biswas, A; Lee, K; Liu, Y; Bayir, E; Iliopoulos, D; van den Elsen, PJ; Kobayashi, KS (August 2010). "NLR family member NLRC5 is a transcriptional regulator of MHC class I genes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 107 (31): 13794–13799. doi:10.1073/pnas.1008684107. PMC 3289513. PMID 22310711. Retrieved 23 March 2012.
5. Staehli, F; Ludigs, K; Heinz, LX; Seguín-Estévez, Q; Ferrero, I; Braun, M; Schroder, K; Rebsamen, M; Tardivel, A; Mattmann, C; MacDonald, HR; Romero, P; Reith, W; Guarda, G; Tschopp, J (April 2012). "NLRC5 Deficiency Selectively Impairs MHC Class I-Dependent Lymphocyte Killing by Cytotoxic T Cells". J Immunol 188 (8): 3820–8. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1102671. PMID 22412192. Retrieved 23 March 2012.
6. Dowds TA, Masumoto J, Chen FF, Ogura Y, Inohara N, Núñez G (March 2003). "Regulation of cryopyrin/Pypaf1 signaling by pyrin, the familial Mediterranean fever gene product". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 302 (3): 575–80. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00221-3. PMID 12615073.