Police of Russia

The Police
Полиция
Politsiya

Russian police Emblem

Russian Police badge
Motto Служа России — служу закону!
By serving Russia, I serve the law!
Agency overview
Formed March 1, 2011
Preceding agencies
Employees 914,525 (2014)
Annual budget 2.1 Trillion ruble (until 2014)
Legal personality Governmental: Government agency
Jurisdictional structure
National agency
(Operations jurisdiction)		 RUS
Map of the Federal districts of Russia
Size 17,075,400 km2
Population 143,030,106[1]
Legal jurisdiction Federal law "On police"
Governing body Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)
Constituting instrument Law "On Police"
General nature
Operational structure
Overviewed by State Duma's Security Committee
Headquarters Okhotny Ryad, Moscow
appointment by the President of Russia responsible Vladimir Kolokoltsev, Minister of Internal Affairs
Parent agency MVD
Notables
Anniversary November 10, 1918
Website
http://eng.mvdrf.ru/
Police officers, 2013
Rashid Nurgaliyev, former Russian Minister for Internal Affairs (2003-2012), who led the dissolution of the Militsiya.
Dmitry Medvedev inspecting Bryansk OMON in 2011

The police (Russian: полиция, tr. politsiya; IPA: [pɐˈlʲitsɨjə]) is the federal law-enforcement agency in Russia, operating under the Ministry of Internal Affairs. It was established in 2011, replacing the militsiya, the former police service.

The police operates according to the Law on police (Закон "о полиции"),[2] as approved by the Federal Assembly and subsequently signed into law on February 7, 2011 by the then President of the Russian Federation, Dmitry Medvedev.

History

Russian Policeman on duty. Russian postcard, early 20th century.
Main article: militsiya

The police force in Saint Petersburg was established as the Main Police on June 7, 1718 by decree from Peter the Great. Anton de Vieira was appointed as the first General Polizmeister.

On January 19, 1722 the Governing Senate established the Moscow Police. The Detective Department was founded in 1866 operating under the Police Department of MVD, and by 1907 similar departments had been created in other major cities of the Russian Empire, including Moscow, Kiev, Riga, Odessa, Tiflis, Baku and Rostov-on-Don. Other districts were policed by rural police or gendarmerie units.

The 3,500 strong police force of Saint Petersburg provided the main opposition to the rioting which marked the initial outbreak of the February Revolution. After the army units garrisoning the city defected, the police became the main target of the revolutionaries and a number were killed. The Police of the Russian Empire was dissolved on March 10, 1917, and on April 17 the Provisional Government established the People's Militia (Militsiya) as a new law enforcement body.

2011 Police reform

Main article: Russian police reform

Russian police reform (Закон РФ "о полиции" (Zakon RF "O politsii" {Law on police}) is an ongoing effort initiated by President Dmitry Medvedev to improve the efficiency of Russia's police forces, decrease corruption and improve the public image of law enforcement. On 7 February 2011, amendments were made to laws on the police force, the criminal code and the criminal procedure code. The amendments came into force on 1 March 2011. These changes stipulate a personnel cut of 20% in law enforcement, a renaming of Russian law enforcers from "militsiya" (militia) to "politsiya" (police), substantial increases in wages, centralisation of financing, and several other changes. Around 217 billion rubles ($7 billion) have been allocated from the federal budget to finance the reform.

Main changes and aims of the reform

Equipment

Transportation

A police car in Tver, 2011.
Ka-226 of the Moscow Police Service in flight, 2008

Russian police use a number of different models of automobiles which range greatly in age and technical specification.

Patrol Cars

Vans

Armoured vehicles

All Terrain Vehicles

Weaponry

Central administration

  1. Criminal Police Service: Criminal Investigations Department (Russian:Уголовный розыск)
    • Main Office for Criminal Investigation
    • Main Office for Combating Economic and Tax Crimes (Russian:Отдел борьбы с экономическими преступлениями)
    • Main Office for Combating Organized Crime (Russian:управление борьбы с организованой преступностью)(shutdown in sept. 2008)
    • Office for Operational Investigation Information
    • Co-ordination Office of Criminal Police Service
  2. Public Security Service: Uniformed Police (Russian:ФГУП Охрана)
    • Main Office for Public Order Maintenance
    • Main Office of State Road Safety Inspection (Traffic police) (Russian:Государственная инспекция безопасности дорожного движения)
    • Main Directorate for Road Traffic Safety
    • Main Office of the Interior for Restricted Facilities
    • Main Office of Interdepartmental Security Guard Service
    • Co-ordination Office of Public Security Service
    • Main Office of the Interior for Transport and Special Transportation
    • Office for Passports and Visas
    • External Labour Migration Department
    • Legal Office
    • Office for Crisis Situations
    • Office for Resource Provisions
    • Finance and Economy Office
  3. Logistical Service
    • Office for Material and Technical Support
    • Finance and Economy Department
    • Medical Office
    • Office for Communication and Automation
    • Office for Capital Construction
    • Co-ordination Office of Logistical Service
    • General Services Office
  4. Independent Divisions
    • Office of Affairs - the Secretariat
    • Main Office for Internal Security -Internal affairs
    • Control and Auditing Office
    • Internal Troops General Headquarters
    • MVD Inquiry Committee
    • Forensic Expertise Center
    • Main Office for Organization and Inspection
      The MVD Inspector General
    • Main Office for Special Technical Actions
      Special operations
    • Main Office for (Special) Investigations
      Special branch
    • National Central Bureau for Interpol
    • Mobilization Training Office
    • Main Center for Information
    • Main Legal Office
    • Office for International Co-operation
    • Office for Information Regional Contacts

Rank insignia

The Russian Police do not use the rank of Corporal. There is the rank of Junior sergeant instead.

Private Staff Junior Supervising Staff
Shoulder insignia
for everyday uniform
Rank Police Private Police
Junior sergeant		 Police Sergeant Police
Senior sergeant		 Police Starshina Police Praporshchik Police
Senior praporshchik
Medium Supervising Staff Senior Supervising Staff Supreme Supervising Staff
Shoulder insignia
for every day uniform
Rank Police
Junior lieutenant		 Police Lieutenant Police
Senior lieutenant		 Police Captain Police Major Police
Lieutenant colonel		 Police Colonel Police
Major General		 Police
Lieutenant General		 Police
Colonel General		 General of the Police of the Russian Federation

It should also be noted that there is a 4 star police rank, General of the Police of the Russian Federation, (Генерал полиции Российской Федерации). The rank is only newly established.

See also

General:

References

  1. ↑ 2012 estimate
  2. ↑ "Закон РФ "О полиции", N 3-ФЗ".
  3. ↑ "Police reform: easy rebranding followed by complicated actions". Russia Today. 18 March 2011.
  4. ↑ "Bill Backed by Kremlin Gives Police Officers 'Manna'". The Moscow Times. 23 March 2011.
  5. ↑ "Russia’s rebranded police initiated with major layoffs". Russia Today. 1 March 2011.
  6. ↑ "Russia Profile Weekly Experts Panel: Will Police Reform Result in Name Change Only?". Russia Profile. 27 August 2010.
  7. ↑ "Changes to the law "On police"". RIA Novosti. 2010-11-01.

External links

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