Women in the United States House of Representatives

Sometimes called the "Lady of the House", Jeannette Rankin entered the House in 1917 as the first woman in Congress.

Nancy Pelosi, former Speaker of the House, the first woman in that position.

Women have served in the United States House of Representatives since the 1917 entrance of Jeannette Rankin, a Republican from Montana. Nearly 300 women have since served in the House. As of January 2015, there are 84 female representatives, or 19.3% of the body.^[1]

Women have been elected to the House of Representatives from 44 of the 50 states in the United States. The states that have not elected a woman to the House are Alaska, Delaware, Iowa, Mississippi, North Dakota, and Vermont—though Alaska, Iowa, and North Dakota have elected women to the United States Senate.

Widow's succession

Mae Ella Nolan was the first woman elected to her husband's seat in Congress, which is sometimes known as the widow's succession. In the early years of women in Congress, the seat was held only until the next election and the women retired after that single Congress. She thereby became a placeholder merely finishing out her late husband's elected term. As the years progressed, however, more and more of these widow successors sought re-election. These women began to win their own elections.

As of 2013, 38 widows have won their husbands' seats in the House, and 8 in the Senate. The only current examples are Representatives Lois Capps and Doris Matsui of California. The most successful example is Margaret Chase Smith of Maine, who served a total of 32 years in both houses and became the first woman elected to both the House and the Senate. She began the end of McCarthyism with a famous speech, "The Declaration of Conscience", became the first major-party female presidential candidate and the first woman to receive votes at a national nominating convention, and was the first (and highest ranking to date) woman to enter the Republican Party Senate leadership (in the third-highest post of Chairwoman of the Senate Republican Conference). The third woman elected to Congress, Winnifred Huck, was similarly elected to her father's seat.

Number of Women

Number of Women in Congress by House

Number of women in the United States Congress (1917–2013):^[2]

Congress	Years	in Congress	%
65th	1917–1919	1	0.2%
66th	1919–1921	0	0%
67th	1921–1923	4	0.7%
68th	1923–1925	1	0.2%
69th	1925–1927	3	0.6%
70th	1927–1929	5	0.9%
71st	1929–1931	9	1.7%
72nd	1931–1933	8
73rd	1933–1935	8	1.5%
74th	1935–1937	8	1.5%
75th	1937–1939	9	1.7%
76th	1939–1941	9	1.7%
77th	1941–1943	10	1.9%
78th	1943–1945	9
79th	1945–1947	11	2.1%
80th	1947–1949	8	1.5%
81st	1949–1951	10	1.9%
82nd	1951–1953	11	2.1%
83rd	1953–1955	15	2.8%
84th	1955–1957	18	3.4%
85th	1957–1959	16	3.0%
86th	1959–1961	19	3.5%
87th	1961–1963	20
88th	1963–1965	14	2.6%
89th	1965–1967	13
90th	1967–1969	12	2.2%
91st	1969–1971	11	2.1%
92nd	1971–1973	15	2.8%
93rd	1973–1975	16	3.0%
94th	1975–1977	19	3.6%
95th	1977–1979	20	3.7%
96th	1979–1981	17	3.2%
97th	1981–1983	23	4.3%
98th	1983–1985	24	4.5%
99th	1985–1987	25	4.7%
100th	1987–1989	26	4.9%
101st	1989–1991	31	5.8%
102nd	1991–1993	33	6.2%
103rd	1993–1995	55	10.3%
104th	1995–1997	59	11.0%
105th	1997–1999	66	12.3%
106th	1999–2001	67	12.5%
107th	2001–2003	75	14.0%
108th	2003–2005	77	14.4%
109th	2005–2007	85	15.9%
110th	2007–2009	94	17.6%
111th	2009–2011	96	17.9%
112th	2011–2013	96	17.9%
113th	2013–2015	102	19.1%
114th	2015–2017	104	19.4%

Number of Women in the United States House of Representatives by Party

Notes: "% of party" is taken from voting members at the beginning of the Congress, while numbers and "% of women" include all female House members of the given Congress

Congress	Years	Women total	Republican	% of women	% of party	Democratic	% of women	% of party
65th	1917–1919	1	1	100%	0.5%	0	0.0%	0.0%
66th	1919–1921	0	0	0.0%	0.0%	0	0.0%	0.0%
67th	1921–1923	3	3	100%	0.3%	0	0.0%	0.0%
68th	1923–1925	1	1	100%	0.4%	0	0.0%	0.0%
69th	1925–1927	3	2	66.7%	0.4%	1	33.3%	0.5%
70th	1927–1929	5	3	60.0%	1.3%	2	40.0%	0.5%
71st	1929–1931	9	5	55.6%	1.9%	4	44.4%	1.8%
72nd	1931–1933	7	3	42.9%	1.4%	4	57.1%	1.4%
73rd	1933–1935	7	3	42.9%	1.7%	4	57.1%	1.0%
74th	1935–1937	6	2	33.3%	1.9%	4	66.7%	1.2%
75th	1937–1939	6	1	16.7%	1.1%	5	83.3%	1.2%
76th	1939–1941	8	4	50.0%	1.2%	4	50.0%	0.8%
77th	1941–1943	9	5	55.6%	3.1%	4	44.4%	0.7%
78th	1943–1945	8	6	75.0%	2.9%	2	25.0%	0.5%
79th	1945–1947	11	5	45.5%	2.6%	6	54.5%	1.7%
80th	1947–1949	7	5	71.4%	2.0%	2	28.6%	1.1%
81st	1949–1951	9	4	44.4%	2.3%	5	55.6%	1.5%
82nd	1951–1953	10	6	60.0%	3.0%	4	40.0%	0.9%
83rd	1953–1955	12	7	58.3%	2.7%	5	41.7%	2.3%
84th	1955–1957	17	7	41.2%	3.0%	10	58.8%	3.4%
85th	1957–1959	15	6	40.0%	3.0%	9	60.0%	3.8%
86th	1959–1961	17	8	47.1%	5.2%	9	52.9%	2.8%
87th	1961–1963	18	7	38.9%	3.5%	11	61.1%	3.4%
88th	1963–1965	12	6	50.0%	2.8%	6	50.0%	2.3%
89th	1965–1967	11	4	36.4%	2.9%	7	63.6%	2.0%
90th	1967–1969	11	5	45.5%	2.7%	6	54.5%	2.4%
91st	1969–1971	10	4	40.0%	2.1%	6	60.0%	2.5%
92nd	1971–1973	13	3	23.1%	1.1%	10	76.9%	3.5%
93rd	1973–1975	16	2	12.5%	1.0%	14	87.5%	5.0%
94th	1975–1977	19	5	26.3%	2.8%	14	73.7%	4.8%
95th	1977–1979	18	5	27.8%	3.5%	13	72.2%	4.5%
96th	1979–1981	16	5	31.3%	3.2%	11	68.8%	4.0%
97th	1981–1983	21	10	47.6%	4.7%	11	52.4%	3.7%
98th	1983–1985	22	9	40.9%	5.5%	13	59.1%	4.4%
99th	1985–1987	23	11	47.8%	6.0%	12	52.2%	4.3%
100th	1987–1989	24	11	45.8%	6.2%	13	54.2%	4.3%
101st	1989–1991	29	13	44.8%	6.0%	16	55.2%	5.6%
102nd	1991–1993	30	9	30.0%	5.5%	21	70.0%	7.0%
103rd	1993–1995	48	12	25.0%	6.8%	36	75.0%	13.6%
104th	1995–1997	50	18	36.0%	7.4%	32	64.0%	14.7%
105th	1997–1999	57	18	31.6%	6.6%	39	68.4%	17.0%
106th	1999–2001	58	17	29.3%	7.6%	41	70.7%	18.5%
107th	2001–2003	62	18	29.0%	8.1%	44	71.0%	19.0%
108th	2003–2005	63	21	33.3%	9.2%	42	66.7%	18.5%
109th	2005–2007	71	25	35.2%	9.9%	46	64.8%	20.9%
110th	2007–2009	78	21	26.9%	9.9%	57	73.1%	20.2%
111th	2009–2011	79	17	21.5%	9.6%	62	78.5%	21.5%
112th	2011–2013	79	24	30.4%	9.9%	55	69.6%	23.8%
113th	2013–2015	82	20	24.4%	8.2%	62	75.6%	29.0%
114th	2015–2017	84	22	26.2%	8.9%	62	73.8%	33.0%

List of female members

This is a complete list of women who have served as members of the United States House of Representatives, ordered by seniority. This list includes women who served in the past and who continue to serve in the present.

Representative	Party	District	Years	Notes
Jeannette Rankin	Republican	Montana At-large	March 4, 1917 – March 3, 1919	First woman elected to a national office Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the Republican nomination for the United States Senate (first time) Retired[3]
	Montana's 1st	January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943
Alice Mary Robertson	Republican	Oklahoma's 2nd	March 4, 1921 – March 3, 1923	First woman to defeat an incumbent congressman Lost re-election
Winnifred Sprague Mason Huck	Republican	Illinois At-large	November 7, 1922 – March 3, 1923	Succeeded her father in a special election First woman incumbent defeated in a primary First woman to win a special election
Mae Nolan	Republican	California's 5th	January 23, 1923 – March 3, 1925	Succeeded her husband Retired
Florence Prag Kahn	Republican	California's 4th	March 4, 1925 – January 3, 1937	First woman to be re-elected First Jewish woman elected Succeeded her husband Lost re-election
Mary Teresa Norton	Democratic	New Jersey's 12th	March 4, 1925 – March 3, 1933	First Democratic woman elected First woman to chair a standing committee (House Committees on the District of Columbia, Labor, Memorials, and House Administration) Retired
	New Jersey's 13th	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1951
Edith Nourse Rogers	Republican	Massachusetts's 5th	June 30, 1925 – September 10, 1960	Succeeded her husband First chair of the House Veterans' Affairs Committee Died in office
Katherine G. Langley	Republican	Kentucky's 7th	March 4, 1927 – March 3, 1931	Succeeded her husband (though not immediately) Daughter of James M. Gudger, Jr. Retired
Pearl Peden Oldfield	Democratic	Arkansas's 2nd	January 9, 1929 – March 3, 1931	Succeeded her husband Retired
Ruth Hanna McCormick	Republican	Illinois At-large	March 4, 1929 – March 3, 1931	Daughter of Mark Hanna Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the United States Senate
Ruth Bryan Owen	Democratic	Florida's 4th	March 4, 1929 – March 3, 1933	Daughter of William Jennings Bryan Lost renomination Later became first woman Ambassador of the United States (to Denmark)
Ruth Baker Pratt	Republican	New York's 17th	March 4, 1929 – March 3, 1933	Lost re-election
Effiegene Locke Wingo	Democratic	Arkansas's 4th	November 4, 1930 – March 3, 1933	Succeeded her husband Retired
Willa McCord Blake Eslick	Democratic	Tennessee's 7th	August 14, 1932 – March 3, 1933	Succeeded her husband Not eligible for re-election having not qualified for nomination
Kathryn O'Loughlin McCarthy	Democratic	Kansas's 6th	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935	Lost re-election
Virginia E. Jenckes	Democratic	Indiana's 6th	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1939	Lost re-election
Isabella Greenway	Democratic	Arizona At-large	October 3, 1933 – January 3, 1937	Retired
Marian W. Clarke	Republican	New York's 34th	December 28, 1933 – January 3, 1935	Succeeded her husband Retired
Caroline Love Goodwin O'Day	Democratic	New York At-large	January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1943	First woman chair of the House Committee on the Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress Retired
Nan Wood Honeyman	Democratic	Oregon's 3rd	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939	Lost re-election
Elizabeth Hawley Gasque	Democratic	South Carolina's 6th	September 13, 1938 – January 3, 1939	Succeeded her husband Retired
Jessie Sumner	Republican	Illinois's 18th	January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1947	Retired
Clara G. McMillan	Democratic	South Carolina's 1st	November 7, 1939 – January 3, 1941	Succeeded her husband Retired
Frances P. Bolton	Republican	Ohio's 22nd	February 27, 1940 – January 3, 1969	Succeeded her husband Lost re-election
Margaret Chase Smith	Republican	Maine's 2nd	June 3, 1940 – January 3, 1949	Succeeded her husband Later first woman elected to the United States Senate in a general election without previously being appointed, elected in a special election, or succeeding a husband In 1964, she became the first woman to run for President of the United States for a major party and to have her name entered for nomination at a major party's national convention.
Florence Reville Gibbs	Democratic	Georgia's 8th	October 1, 1940 – January 3, 1941	Succeeded her husband Retired
Katharine Byron	Democratic	Maryland's 6th	May 27, 1941 – January 3, 1943	Succeeded her husband Retired
Veronica Grace Boland	Democratic	Pennsylvania's 11th	November 3, 1942 – January 3, 1943	Succeeded her husband Retired
Clare Boothe Luce	Republican	Connecticut's 4th	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1947	Retired Later became United States Ambassador to Italy and Brazil
Winifred C. Stanley	Republican	New York At-large	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945	Retired
Willa L. Fulmer	Democratic	South Carolina's 2nd	November 7, 1944 – January 3, 1945	Succeeded her husband Retired
Emily Taft Douglas	Democratic	Illinois At-large	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947	Lost re-election
Helen Gahagan Douglas	Democratic	California's 14th	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1951	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the United States Senate election in California, 1950
Chase G. Woodhouse	Democratic	Connecticut's 2nd	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947	Lost re-election twice
	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951
Helen Douglas Mankin	Democratic	Georgia's 5th	February 12, 1946 – January 3, 1947	Lost renomination
Eliza Jane Pratt	Democratic	North Carolina's 8th	May 25, 1946 – January 3, 1947	Retired
Georgia Lee Lusk	Democratic	New Mexico At-large	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949	Lost renomination
Katharine St. George	Republican	New York's 29th	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1953	Lost re-election
	New York's 28th	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1963
	New York's 27th	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965
Reva Beck Bosone	Democratic	Utah's 2nd	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1953	Lost re-election
Cecil M. Harden	Republican	Indiana's 6th	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1959	Lost re-election
Edna F. Kelly	Democratic	New York's 10th	November 8, 1949 – January 3, 1963	Lost renomination
	New York's 12th	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1969
Marguerite S. Church	Republican	Illinois's 13th	January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1963	Succeeded her husband Retired
Ruth Thompson	Republican	Michigan's 9th	January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1957	First woman to sit on the House Judiciary Committee Lost renomination
Elizabeth Kee	Democratic	West Virginia's 5th	July 17, 1951 – January 3, 1965	Succeeded her husband Retired
Vera Buchanan	Democratic	Pennsylvania's 33rd	July 24, 1951 – January 3, 1953	Succeeded her husband Died in office
	Pennsylvania's 30th	January 3, 1953 – November 26, 1955
Gracie Pfost	Democratic	Idaho's 1st	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1963	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the United States Senate
Leonor Sullivan	Democratic	Missouri's 3rd	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1977	Succeeded her husband (though not immediately) First woman chair of the House Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries Retired
Mary Elizabeth Pruett Farrington	Republican	Hawaii Territory's At-large	July 31, 1954 – January 3, 1957	Succeeded her husband First woman elected to Congress as a territorial delegate Lost re-election
Iris Faircloth Blitch	Democratic	Georgia's 8th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1963	Retired
Edith Green	Democratic	Oregon's 3rd	January 3, 1955 – December 31, 1974	Retired
Martha Griffiths	Democratic	Michigan's 17th	January 3, 1955 – December 31, 1974	Retired Later became Lieutenant Governor of Michigan
Coya Knutson	Democratic	Minnesota's 9th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1959	Lost re-election
Kathryn E. Granahan	Democratic	Pennsylvania's 2nd	November 6, 1956 – January 3, 1963	Succeeded her husband Retired Later became Treasurer of the United States
Florence P. Dwyer	Republican	New Jersey's 6th	January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1967	Retired
	New Jersey's 12th	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1973
Catherine Dean May	Republican	Washington's 4th	January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1971	Lost re-election
Edna O. Simpson	Republican	Illinois's 20th	January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961	Succeeded her husband Retired
Jessica M. Weis	Republican	New York's 38th	January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1963	Retired
Julia Butler Hansen	Democratic	Washington's 3rd	November 8, 1960 – December 31, 1974	Retired
Catherine Dorris Norrell	Democratic	Arkansas's 6th	April 19, 1961 – January 3, 1963	Succeeded her husband Retired
Louise Goff Reece	Republican	Tennessee's 1st	May 16, 1961 – January 3, 1963	Succeeded her husband Daughter of Guy D. Goff Retired
Corinne Boyd Riley	Democratic	South Carolina's 2nd	April 10, 1962 – January 3, 1963	Succeeded her husband Retired
Charlotte Thompson Reid	Republican	Illinois's 15th	January 3, 1963 – October 7, 1971	Succeeded her husband (as nominee) Resigned to become a member of the Federal Communications Commission
Irene Baker	Republican	Tennessee's 2nd	January 7, 1964 – January 3, 1965	Succeeded her husband Retired
Patsy Mink	Democratic	Hawaii's at-large	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1971	First woman of color and first Asian American woman elected Ran for President of the United States in the Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1972 (Oregon only) Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the Democratic nomination for the United States Senate election in Hawaii, 1976 Later became Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs Returned to Congress and died in office
	Hawaii's 2nd	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1977
		September 22, 1990 – September 28, 2002
Lera Millard Thomas	Democratic	Texas's 8th	March 26, 1966 – January 3, 1967	Succeeded her husband Retired
Margaret Heckler	Republican	Massachusetts's 10th	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1983	Lost re-election Later became United States Secretary of Health and Human Services and United States Ambassador to Ireland
Shirley Chisholm	Democratic	New York's 12th	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1983	First African American woman elected Ran for President of the United States in the Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1972 Retired
Bella Abzug	Democratic	New York's 19th	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the Democratic nomination for the United States Senate election in New York, 1976
	New York's 20th	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1977
Ella T. Grasso	Democratic	Connecticut's 6th	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1975	Previously served as Connecticut Secretary of State Retired to run (successfully) for Governor of Connecticut First female U.S. state Governor not a wife or widow of a previous Governor
Louise Day Hicks	Democratic	Massachusetts's 9th	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973	Lost re-election
Elizabeth B. Andrews	Democratic	Alabama's 3rd	April 4, 1972– January 3, 1973	Succeeded her husband Retired
Yvonne Brathwaite Burke	Democratic	California's 37th	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for California Attorney General
	California's 28th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1979
Marjorie Holt	Republican	Maryland's 4th	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1987	Retired
Elizabeth Holtzman	Democratic	New York's 16th	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1981	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the United States Senate election in New York, 1980
Barbara Jordan	Democratic	Texas's 18th	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1979	Retired
Patricia Schroeder	Democratic	Colorado's 1st	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1997	Retired
Lindy Boggs	Democratic	Louisiana's 2nd	March 20, 1973 – January 3, 1991	Succeeded her husband Retired Later became United States Ambassador to the Holy See
Cardiss Collins	Democratic	Illinois's 7th	June 5, 1973 – January 3, 1997	Succeeded her husband Retired
Millicent Fenwick	Republican	New Jersey's 5th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1983	Daughter of Ogden H. Hammond Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the United States Senate election in New Jersey, 1982 Later became United States Ambassador to the United Nations Agencies for Food and Agriculture
Martha Keys	Democratic	Kansas's 2nd	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1979	Lost re-election
Marilyn Lloyd	Democratic	Tennessee's 3rd	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1995	Succeeded her husband (as nominee) Retired
Helen Stevenson Meyner	Democratic	New Jersey's 13th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1979	Lost re-election
Virginia D. Smith	Republican	Nebraska's 3rd	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1991	Retired
Gladys Spellman	Democratic	Marylands's 5th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1981	After suffering a debilitating heart attack and slipping into a comatose state, her seat was declared vacant by the House
Shirley Neil Pettis	Republican	California's 37th	April 29, 1975 – January 3, 1979	Succeeded her husband Retired
Barbara Mikulski	Democratic	Maryland's 3rd	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1987	Retired to run (successfully) for the United States Senate election in Maryland, 1986
Mary Rose Oakar	Democratic	Ohio's 20th	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1993	Lost re-election
Beverly Byron	Democratic	Maryland's 6th	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1993	Succeeded her husband Lost renomination
Geraldine Ferraro	Democratic	New York's 9th	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1985	Retired to run as the first female Vice Presidential candidate representing a major party during United States presidential election, 1984 Later became United States Ambassador to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights
Olympia Snowe	Republican	Maine's 2nd	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1995	Retired to run (successfully) for the United States Senate election in Maine, 1994
Bobbi Fiedler	Republican	California's 21st	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1987	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the Republican nomination for the United States Senate election in California, 1986
Lynn Morley Martin	Republican	Illinois's 16th	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1991	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the United States Senate election in Illinois, 1990 Later became United States Secretary of Labor
Marge Roukema	Republican	New Jersey's 7th	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983	Retired
	New Jersey's 5th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 2003
Claudine Schneider	Republican	Rhode Island's 2nd	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1991	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the United States Senate election in Rhode Island, 1990
Barbara B. Kennelly	Democratic	Connecticut's 1st	January 12, 1982 – January 3, 1999	Previously served as Connecticut Secretary of State Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the Connecticut gubernatorial election, 1998
Jean Spencer Ashbrook	Republican	Ohio's 17th	June 29, 1982 – January 3, 1983	Succeeded her husband Retired
Katie Hall	Democratic	Indiana's 1st	November 2, 1982 – January 3, 1985	Lost renomination
Barbara Boxer	Democratic	California's 6th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1993	Retired to run (successfully) for the United States Senate election in California, 1992
Nancy Johnson	Republican	Connecticut's 6th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 2003	Lost re-election
	Connecticut's 5th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007
Marcy Kaptur	Democratic	Ohio's 9th	January 3, 1983 – Present	Current Dean of women in the House
Barbara Vucanovich	Republican	Nevada's 2nd	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1997	Retired
Sala Burton	Democratic	California's 5th	June 21, 1983 – February 1, 1987	Succeeded her husband Died in office
Helen Delich Bentley	Republican	Maryland's 2nd	January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1995	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the Republican nomination for Governor of Maryland
Jan Meyers	Republican	Kansas's 3rd	January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1997	First woman chair of the House Small Business Committee Retired
Catherine Small Long	Democratic	Louisiana's 8th	March 30, 1985 – January 3, 1987	Succeeded her husband Retired
Connie Morella	Republican	Maryland's 8th	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 2003	Lost re-election Later became United States Ambassador to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Liz J. Patterson	Democratic	South Carolina's 4th	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1993	Daughter of Olin D. Johnston Lost re-election
Pat Saiki	Republican	Hawaii's 1st	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1991	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the United States Senate special election in Hawaii, 1990 Later became Administrator of the Small Business Administration
Louise Slaughter	Democratic	New York's 30th	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1993	First woman chair of the House Rules Committee
	New York's 28th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013
	New York's 25th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Nancy Pelosi	Democratic	California's 5th	June 2, 1987 – January 3, 1993	First woman party Whip First woman party Leader First woman Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
	California's 8th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013
	California's 12th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Nita Lowey	Democratic	New York's 20th	January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1993
	New York's 18th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013
	New York's 17th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Jolene Unsoeld	Democratic	Washington's 3rd	January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1995	Lost re-election
Jill Long Thompson	Democratic	Indiana's 4th	March 28, 1989 – January 3, 1995	Lost re-election
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen	Republican	Florida's 18th	August 29, 1989 – January 3, 2013	First Hispanic woman elected First woman chair of the House Foreign Affairs Committee
	Florida's 27th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Susan Molinari	Republican	New York's 14th	March 20, 1990 – January 3, 1993	Daughter of Guy Molinari Resigned to become co-host of CBS This Morning
	New York's 13th	January 3, 1993 – August 2, 1997
Barbara-Rose Collins	Democratic	Michigan's 13th	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993	Lost renomination
	Michigan's 15th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1997
Rosa DeLauro	Democratic	Connecticut's 3rd	January 3, 1991 – Present
Joan Kelly Horn	Democratic	Missouri's 2nd	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993	Lost re-election
Eleanor Holmes Norton	Democratic	DC At-large	January 3, 1991 – Present
Maxine Waters	Democratic	California's 29th	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993
	California's 35th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013
	California's 43rd	January 3, 2013 – Present
Eva Clayton	Democratic	North Carolina's 1st	November 3, 1992 – January 3, 2003	First African American Women from North Carolina Elected to the house followed by Alma Adams , Retired
Corrine Brown	Democratic	Florida's 3rd	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013
	Florida's 5th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Leslie L. Byrne	Democratic	Virginia's 11th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995	Lost re-election
Maria Cantwell	Democratic	Washington's 1st	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995	Lost re-election Later ran (successfully) for the United States Senate election in Washington, 2000
Pat Danner	Democratic	Missouri's 6th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2001	Retired
Jennifer Dunn	Republican	Washington's 8th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2005	Retired
Karan English	Democratic	Arizona's 6th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995	Lost re-election
Anna Eshoo	Democratic	California's 14th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013
	California's 18th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Tillie K. Fowler	Republican	Florida's 4th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2001	Retired
Elizabeth Furse	Democratic	Oregon's 1st	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1999	Retired
Jane Harman	Democratic	California's 36th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1999	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the Democratic nomination for California gubernatorial election, 1998 (first time) Resigned to become the Director, President, and Chief Executive Officer of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
	January 3, 2001 – February 28, 2011
Eddie Bernice Johnson	Democratic	Texas's 30th	January 3, 1993 – Present
Blanche Lincoln	Democratic	Arkansas's 1st	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1997	Retired Later ran (successfully) for the United States Senate election in Arkansas, 1998
Carolyn Maloney	Democratic	New York's 14th	January 3, 1993 – Present
Marjorie Margolies-Mezvinsky	Democratic	Pennsylvania's 13th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995	Lost re-election
Cynthia McKinney	Democratic	Georgia's 11th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1997	Lost renomination twice In 2008, ran for President of the United States as the nominee of the Green Party
	Georgia's 4th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2003
		January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007
Carrie P. Meek	Democratic	Florida's 17th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2003	Retired
Deborah Pryce	Republican	Ohio's 15th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2009	First woman chair of the House Republican Conference Retired
Lucille Roybal-Allard	Democratic	California's 33rd	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2003	Daughter of Edward R. Roybal
	California's 34th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013
	California's 40th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Lynn Schenk	Democratic	California's 49th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995	Lost re-election
Karen Shepherd	Democratic	Utah's 2nd	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995	Lost re-election
Karen Thurman	Democratic	Florida's 5th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2003	Lost re-election
Nydia Velázquez	Democratic	New York's 12th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013
	New York's 7th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Lynn Woolsey	Democratic	California's 6th	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013	Retired
Helen Chenoweth-Hage	Republican	Idaho's 1st	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2001	Retired
Barbara Cubin	Republican	Wyoming's at-large	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2009	Retired
Sheila Jackson Lee	Democratic	Texas's 18th	January 3, 1995 – Present
Sue Kelly	Republican	New York's 19th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2007	Lost re-election
Zoe Lofgren	Democratic	California's 16th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2013
	California's 19th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Karen McCarthy	Democratic	Missouri's 5th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2005	Retired
Sue Myrick	Republican	North Carolina's 9th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2013	Retired
Lynn N. Rivers	Democratic	Michigan's 13th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2003	Lost renomination
Andrea Seastrand	Republican	California's 22nd	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997	Lost re-election
Linda Smith	Republican	Washington's 3rd	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1999	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the United States Senate election in Washington, 1998
Enid Greene Waldholtz	Republican	Utah's 2nd	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997	Retired
Juanita Millender-McDonald	Democratic	California's 37th	March 26, 1996 – April 22, 2007	Died in office
Jo Ann Emerson	Republican	Missouri's 8th	November 5, 1996 – January 22, 2013	Succeeded her husband Resigned to become the President and Chief Executive Officer of the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association
Julia Carson	Democratic	Indiana's 10th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2003	Died in office
	Indiana's 7th	January 3, 2003 – December 15, 2007
Donna Christian-Christensen	Democratic	U.S. Virgin Island's At-large	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2015	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election, 2014
Diana DeGette	Democratic	Colorado's 1st	January 3, 1997 – Present
Kay Granger	Republican	Texas's 12th	January 3, 1997 – Present
Darlene Hooley	Democratic	Oregon's 5th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2009	Retired
Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick	Democratic	Michigan's 15th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2003	Lost renomination
	Michigan's 13th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2011
Carolyn McCarthy	Democratic	New York's 4th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2015	Retired
Anne Northup	Republican	Kentucky's 3rd	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2007	Lost re-election
Loretta Sanchez	Democratic	California's 46th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2003
	California's 47th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013
	California's 46th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Debbie Stabenow	Democratic	Michigan's 8th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2001	Retired to run (successfully) for the United States Senate election in Michigan, 2000
Ellen Tauscher	Democratic	California's 10th	January 3, 1997 – June 26, 2009	Resigned to become Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs and Special Envoy for Strategic Stability and Missile Defense
Lois Capps	Democratic	California's 22nd	March 10, 1998 – January 3, 2003	Succeeded her husband
	California's 23rd	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013
	California's 24th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Mary Bono Mack	Republican	California's 44th	April 7, 1998 – January 3, 2003	Succeeded her husband Lost re-election
	California's 45th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013
Barbara Lee	Democratic	California's 9th	April 7, 1998 – January 3, 2013
	California's 13th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Heather Wilson	Republican	New Mexico's 1st	June 25, 1998 – January 3, 2009	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the Republican nomination for the United States Senate election in New Mexico, 2008
Tammy Baldwin	Democratic	Wisconsin's 2nd	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2013	First openly gay person elected to Congress and first lesbian Retired to run (successfully) for the United States Senate election in Wisconsin, 2012
Shelley Berkley	Democratic	Nevada's 1st	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2013	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the United States Senate election in Nevada, 2012
Judy Biggert	Republican	Illinois's 13th	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2013	Lost re-election
Stephanie Tubbs Jones	Democratic	Ohio's 11th	January 3, 1999 – August 20, 2008	Died in office
Grace Napolitano	Democratic	California's 34th	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2003
	California's 38th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013
	California's 32nd	January 3, 2013 – Present
Jan Schakowsky	Democratic	Illinois's 9th	January 3, 1999 – Present
Shelley Moore Capito	Republican	West Virginia's 2nd	January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2015	Retired to run (successfully) for the United States Senate election in West Virginia, 2014
Jo Ann Davis	Republican	Virginia's 1st	January 3, 2001 – October 6, 2007	Died in office
Susan Davis	Democratic	California's 49th	January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003
	California's 53rd	January 3, 2003 – Present
Melissa Hart	Republican	Pennsylvania's 4th	January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2007	Lost re-election
Betty McCollum	Democratic	Minnesota's 4th	January 3, 2001 – Present
Hilda Solis	Democratic	California's 31st	January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003	Resigned to become United States Secretary of Labor
	California's 32nd	January 3, 2003 – February 24, 2009
Diane Watson	Democratic	California's 32nd	June 5, 2001 – January 3, 2003	Previously served as United States Ambassador to the Federated States of Micronesia Retired
	California's 33rd	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2011
Marsha Blackburn	Republican	Tennessee's 7th	January 3, 2003 – Present
Madeleine Bordallo	Democratic	Guam's at-large	January 3, 2003 – Present	Previously served as Lieutenant Governor of Guam
Ginny Brown-Waite	Republican	Florida's 5th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2011	Retired
Katherine Harris	Republican	Florida's 13th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007	Previously served as Florida Secretary of State Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the United States Senate election in Florida, 2006
Denise Majette	Democratic	Georgia's 4th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the United States Senate election in Georgia, 2004
Candice Miller	Republican	Michigan's 10th	January 3, 2003 – Present	Previously served as Michigan Secretary of State
Marilyn Musgrave	Republican	Colorado's 4th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2009	Lost re-election
Linda Sánchez	Democratic	California's 39th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013
	California's 38th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Stephanie Herseth Sandlin	Democratic	South Dakota's at-large	June 1, 2004 – January 3, 2011	Lost re-election
Melissa Bean	Democratic	Illinois's 8th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2011	Lost re-election
Thelma Drake	Republican	Virginia's 2nd	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2009	Lost re-election
Virginia Foxx	Republican	North Carolina's 5th	January 3, 2005 – Present
Cathy McMorris Rodgers	Republican	Washington's 5th	January 3, 2005 – Present	Current chair of the House Republican Conference
Gwen Moore	Democratic	Wisconsin's 4th	January 3, 2005 – Present
Allyson Schwartz	Democratic	Pennsylvania's 13th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2015	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the Democratic nomination for Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, 2014
Debbie Wasserman Schultz	Democratic	Florida's 20th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2013	Chair of the Democratic National Committee
	Florida's 23rd	January 3, 2013 – Present
Doris Matsui	Democratic	California's 5th	March 3, 2005 – January 3, 2013	Succeeded her husband
	California's 6th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Jean Schmidt	Republican	Ohio's 2nd	September 6, 2005 – January 3, 2013	Lost renomination
Shelley Sekula-Gibbs	Republican	Texas's 22nd	November 13, 2006 – January 3, 2007	Lost re-election
Michele Bachmann	Republican	Minnesota 6th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2015	Ran for President of the United States in the Republican Party presidential primaries, 2012 Retired
Nancy Boyda	Democratic	Kansas's 2nd	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009	Lost re-election
Kathy Castor	Democratic	Florida's 11th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013
	Florida's 14th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Yvette Clarke	Democratic	New York's 11th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013
	New York's 9th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Mary Fallin	Republican	Oklahoma 5th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2011	Previously served as Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma; Retired to run (successfully) for the Oklahoma gubernatorial election, 2010
Gabrielle Giffords	Democratic	Arizona's 8th	January 3, 2007 – January 25, 2012	Resigned due to the injuries of being shot in the head at close range during an assassination attempt during the 2011 Tucson shooting and survived
Kirsten Gillibrand	Democratic	New York's 20th	January 3, 2007 – January 25, 2009	Resigned to accept appointment to the United States Senate, ran (successfully) for the United States Senate special election in New York, 2010
Mazie Hirono	Democratic	Hawaii's 2nd	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013	First Buddhist woman elected; Retired to run (successfully) for the United States Senate election in Hawaii, 2012
Carol Shea-Porter	Democratic	New Hampshire's 1st	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2011	Lost re-election twice
	January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015
Betty Sutton	Democratic	Ohio's 13th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013	Lost re-election
Laura Richardson	Democratic	California's 37th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013	Lost re-election
Niki Tsongas	Democratic	Massachusetts's 5th	October 16, 2007 – January 3, 2013	Succeeded her husband (though not immediately)
	Massachusetts's 3rd	January 3, 2013 – Present
Jackie Speier	Democratic	California's 12th	April 8, 2008 – January 3, 2013
	California's 14th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Donna Edwards	Democratic	Maryland's 4th	June 17, 2008 – Present
Marcia Fudge	Democratic	Ohio's 11th	November 18, 2008 – Present
Kathy Dahlkemper	Democratic	Pennsylvania's 3rd	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011	Lost re-election
Debbie Halvorson	Democratic	Illinois's 11th	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011	Lost re-election
Lynn Jenkins	Republican	Kansas's 2nd	January 3, 2009 – Present	Previously served as Kansas State Treasurer
Mary Jo Kilroy	Democratic	Ohio's 15th	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011	Lost re-election
Ann Kirkpatrick	Democratic	Arizona's 1st	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011	Lost re-election Later returned to Congress
	January 3, 2013 – Present
Suzanne Kosmas	Democratic	Florida's 24th	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011	Lost re-election
Cynthia Lummis	Republican	Wyoming's at-large	January 3, 2009 – Present	Previously served as Wyoming State Treasurer
Betsy Markey	Democratic	Colorado's 4th	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011	Lost re-election
Chellie Pingree	Democratic	Maine's 1st	January 3, 2009 – Present
Dina Titus	Democratic	Nevada's 3rd	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011	Lost re-election Later returned to Congress
	Nevada's 1st	January 3, 2013 – Present
Judy Chu	Democratic	California's 32nd	June 19, 2009 – January 3, 2013	First Chinese American woman elected
	California's 27th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Sandy Adams	Republican	Florida's 24th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013	Lost renomination
Karen Bass	Democratic	California's 33rd	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013
	California's 37th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Diane Black	Republican	Tennessee's 6th	January 3, 2011 – Present
Ann Marie Buerkle	Republican	New York's 25th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013	Lost re-election
Renee Ellmers	Republican	North Carolina's 2nd	January 3, 2011 – Present
Colleen Hanabusa	Democratic	Hawaii's 1st	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2015	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for the Democratic nomination for the United States Senate special election in Hawaii, 2014
Vicky Hartzler	Republican	Missouri's 4th	January 3, 2011 – Present
Nan Hayworth	Republican	New York's 19th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013	Lost re-election
Jaime Herrera Beutler	Republican	Washington's 3rd	January 3, 2011 – Present
Kristi Noem	Republican	South Dakota's at-large	January 3, 2011 – Present
Martha Roby	Republican	Alabama's 2nd	January 3, 2011 – Present
Terri Sewell	Democratic	Alabama's 7th	January 3, 2011 – Present
Frederica Wilson	Democratic	Florida's 17th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013
	Florida's 24th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Kathy Hochul	Democratic	New York's 26th	June 1, 2011 – January 3, 2013	Lost re-election Later became Lieutenant Governor of New York
Janice Hahn	Democratic	California's 36th	July 12, 2011 – January 3, 2013
	California's 44th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Suzanne Bonamici	Democratic	Oregon's 1st	January 21, 2012 – Present
Suzan DelBene	Democratic	Washington's 1st	November 6, 2012 – Present
Joyce Beatty	Democratic	Ohio's 3rd	January 3, 2013 – Present
Susan Brooks	Republican	Indiana's 5th	January 3, 2013 – Present	Previously served as United States Attorney for the Southern District of Indiana
Julia Brownley	Democratic	California's 26th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Cheri Bustos	Democratic	Illinois's 17th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Tammy Duckworth	Democratic	Illinois's 8th	January 3, 2013 – Present	Previously served as Assistant Secretary of Public and Intergovernmental Affairs in the Department of Veterans Affairs
Elizabeth Esty	Democratic	Connecticut's 5th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Lois Frankel	Democratic	Florida's 22nd	January 3, 2013 – Present
Tulsi Gabbard	Democratic	Hawaii's 2nd	January 3, 2013 – Present	First Hindu elected to Congress
Ann McLane Kuster	Democratic	New Hampshire's 2nd	January 3, 2013 – Present
Michelle Lujan Grisham	Democratic	New Mexico's 1st	January 3, 2013 – Present
Grace Meng	Democratic	New York's 6th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Gloria Negrete McLeod	Democratic	California's 35th	January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015	Retired to run (unsuccessfully) for San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors
Kyrsten Sinema	Democratic	Arizona's 9th	January 3, 2013 – Present
Ann Wagner	Republican	Missouri's 2nd	January 3, 2013 – Present	Previously served as United States Ambassador to Luxembourg
Jackie Walorski	Republican	Indiana's 2nd	January 3, 2013 – Present
Robin Kelly	Democratic	Illinois's 2nd	April 11, 2013 – Present
Katherine Clark	Democratic	Massachusetts's 5th	December 10, 2013 – Present
Alma Adams	Democratic	North Carolina's 12th	November 12, 2014 – Present
Barbara Comstock	Republican	Virginia's 10th	January 3, 2015 – Present
Debbie Dingell	Democratic	Michigan's 12th	January 3, 2015 – Present	Succeeded her husband
Gwen Graham	Democratic	Florida's 2nd	January 3, 2015 – Present	Daughter of Bob Graham
Brenda Lawrence	Democratic	Michigan's 14th	January 3, 2015 – Present
Mia Love	Republican	Utah's 4th	January 3, 2015 – Present
Martha McSally	Republican	Arizona's 2nd	January 3, 2015 – Present
Stacey Plaskett	Democratic	U.S. Virgin Island's At-large	January 3, 2015 – Present
Amata Coleman Radewagen	Republican	American Samoa's at-large	January 3, 2015 – Present	Daughter of Peter Tali Coleman
Kathleen Rice	Democratic	New York's 4th	January 3, 2015 – Present
Elise Stefanik	Republican	New York's 21st	January 3, 2015 – Present	Youngest woman elected to Congress (at age 30)
Norma Torres	Democratic	California's 35th	January 3, 2015 – Present
Mimi Walters	Republican	California's 45th	January 3, 2015 – Present
Bonnie Watson Coleman	Democratic	New Jersey's 12th	January 3, 2015 – Present

Pregnancies

There have been ten women members of the House of Representatives who were pregnant at least once during their tenure (one member three times). They are^[4]

Congresswoman	State	Date of delivery	Mother's age	Baby's assigned gender	Notes
Yvonne Brathwaite Burke	California	November 1973	41	Girl
Enid Greene Waldholtz	Utah	August 1995	37	Girl	[5]
Susan Molinari	New York	May 10, 1996	38	Girl	[6]
Blanche Lincoln	Arkansas	June 1996	35	Twin boys	Chose not to run for re-election due to the pregnancy[7]
Cathy McMorris Rodgers	Washington	April 29, 2007	37	Boy	[8]
Kirsten Gillibrand	New York	May 15, 2008	41	Boy	[9]
Stephanie Herseth Sandlin	South Dakota	December 15, 2008	38	Boy	[10]
Linda Sánchez	California	May 13, 2009	40	Boy
Cathy McMorris Rodgers	Washington	December 2010	41	Girl	First member to give birth in office twice[11]
Jaime Herrera Beutler	Washington	July 15, 2013	34	Girl	[12]
Cathy McMorris Rodgers	Washington	November 24, 2013	44	Girl	First member to give birth in office three times[13]
Tammy Duckworth	Illinois	November 18, 2014	46	Girl	[14]

See also

• Women in the United States Senate
• List of female state governors in the United States

References

1. "Current Numbers of Women Officeholders". Rutgers Center for American Women and Politics - Eagleton Institute of Politics. Retrieved 2014-11-23.
2. Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2011
3. for the predecessors and successors of each Women Representative's/Delegate's district or Senator with their date of birth and death, click on the U.S. representative/delegate or senator, for the number of congresses, click on the congress.
4. Akers, Mary Ann (November 20, 2008). "Rep. Linda Sanchez Expecting a Baby". Washington Post.
5. "Enid Greene Waldholtz". womenincongress.house.gov.
6. "Susan Molinari". womenincongress.house.gov.
7. Geranios, Nicholas K. (April 21, 2007). "Baby in the House: Pregnant congresswoman due to give birth next month". San Diego Union Tribune. Associated Press.
8. "It's A Boy". Spokesman Review. April 30, 2007.
9. "Son Born to New York Congresswoman". New York Times. Associated Press. May 16, 2008.
10. Woster, Kevin (December 16, 2008). "Something we can all agree on: Congratulations!". Rapid City Journal.
11. Barone, Michael; Chuck McCutcheon (2011). "Washington/Fifth District". The Almanac of American Politics (2012 ed.). University of Chicago Press, National Journal Group, Inc. pp. 1716–1718. ISBN 978-0-226-03808-7.
12. "Republican Rep. Jaime Herrera Beutler celebrates 'miracle' baby girl born with Potter's sequence". New York Daily News. July 29, 2013.
13. Korte, Gregory (2013-11-25). "Rep sets congressional record -- mom x 3". USA Today. Retrieved 2014-11-23.
14. Skiba, Katherine (November 20, 2014). "Rep. Tammy Duckworth gives birth to daughter". Chicago Tribune.

External links

• Women in Congress — Companion site to book produced by the Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives
• Associated Press. "Husbands' deaths often propel widows to office". Columbia Daily Tribune, January 22, 2005. Retrieved February 15, 2005. (alternate source, via journalstar.com)