Extended periodic table (large version)

This is a version of the periodic table of the chemical elements. For the natural isotopic composition of each element it shows name, atomic number, symbol, atomic weight (or relative atomic mass) and a link to the element's isotopes. It also has, by keyed markings, a notification of occurrence, state of matter and metallic character. It is named extended because it shows elements that are theoretical only (in period 8 an 9), and large means that the table might exceed page width. The presentation is wide which means that there are no table parts separated (as is more common in print).

The current standard table contains 7 periods, culminating in ununoctium, which has atomic number 118. The layout of the table has been refined and extended over time, as new elements have been discovered, and new theoretical models have been developed to explain chemical behavior.^[1] If further elements with higher atomic numbers than this are discovered, they will be placed in additional periods, laid out (as with the existing periods) to illustrate periodically recurring trends in the properties of the elements concerned. Any additional periods are expected to contain a larger number of elements than the seventh period, as they are calculated to have an additional so-called g-block, containing 18 elements with partially filled g-orbitals in each period. An eight-period table containing this block was suggested by Glenn T. Seaborg in 1969.^[2][3]

It is not clear how many elements are physically possible, if period 8 is complete, or if there is a period 9.

Extended periodic table

Chemical series information for elements past hassium (except copernicium and flerovium), is hypothetical and based on periodic trends.

Superheavy elements may not exist, and may not follow the order of this table even if they do.

This periodic table is based on computer modelling of the positions of elements by B. Fricke.^[4][5]

Extended periodic table by the Fricke model
	1	2																																			3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
Group →
↓ Period
1	Hydrogen 1 H 1.008	→ name of element atomic number chemical symbol relative atomic mass(±)																																																		Helium 2 He 4.002602(2)
2	Lithium 3 Li 6.94	Beryllium 4 Be 9.0121831(5)																																													Boron 5 B 10.81	Carbon 6 C 12.011	Nitrogen 7 N 14.007	Oxygen 8 O 15.999	Fluorine 9 F 18.998403163(6)	Neon 10 Ne 20.1797(6)
3	Sodium 11 Na 22.98976928(2)	Magnesium 12 Mg 24.305																																													Aluminium 13 Al 26.9815385(7)	Silicon 14 Si 28.085	Phosphorus 15 P 30.973761998(5)	Sulfur 16 S 32.06	Chlorine 17 Cl 35.45	Argon 18 Ar 39.948(1)
4	Potassium 19 K 39.0983(1)	Calcium 20 Ca 40.078(4)																																			Scandium 21 Sc 44.955908(5)	Titanium 22 Ti 47.867(1)	Vanadium 23 V 50.9415(1)	Chromium 24 Cr 51.9961(6)	Manganese 25 Mn 54.938044(3)	Iron 26 Fe 55.845(2)	Cobalt 27 Co 58.933194(4)	Nickel 28 Ni 58.6934(4)	Copper 29 Cu 63.546(3)	Zinc 30 Zn 65.38(2)	Gallium 31 Ga 69.723(1)	Germanium 32 Ge 72.630(8)	Arsenic 33 As 74.921595(6)	Selenium 34 Se 78.971(8)	Bromine 35 Br 79.904	Krypton 36 Kr 83.798(2)
5	Rubidium 37 Rb 85.4678(3)	Strontium 38 Sr 87.62(1)																																			Yttrium 39 Y 88.90584(2)	Zirconium 40 Zr 91.224(2)	Niobium 41 Nb 92.90637(2)	Molybdenum 42 Mo 95.95(1)	Technetium 43 Tc [98]	Ruthenium 44 Ru 101.07(2)	Rhodium 45 Rh 102.90550(2)	Palladium 46 Pd 106.42(1)	Silver 47 Ag 107.8682(2)	Cadmium 48 Cd 112.414(4)	Indium 49 In 114.818(1)	Tin 50 Sn 118.710(7)	Antimony 51 Sb 121.760(1)	Tellurium 52 Te 127.60(3)	Iodine 53 I 126.90447(3)	Xenon 54 Xe 131.293(6)
6	Caesium 55 Cs 132.90545196(6)	Barium 56 Ba 137.327(7)																					Lanthanum 57 La 138.90547(7)	Cerium 58 Ce 140.116(1)	Praseodymium 59 Pr 140.90766(2)	Neodymium 60 Nd 144.242(3)	Promethium 61 Pm [145]	Samarium 62 Sm 150.36(2)	Europium 63 Eu 151.964(1)	Gadolinium 64 Gd 157.25(3)	Terbium 65 Tb 158.92535(2)	Dysprosium 66 Dy 162.500(1)	Holmium 67 Ho 164.93033(2)	Erbium 68 Er 167.259(3)	Thulium 69 Tm 168.93422(2)	Ytterbium 70 Yb 173.045(10)	Lutetium 71 Lu 174.9668(1)	Hafnium 72 Hf 178.49(2)	Tantalum 73 Ta 180.94788(2)	Tungsten 74 W 183.84(1)	Rhenium 75 Re 186.207(1)	Osmium 76 Os 190.23(3)	Iridium 77 Ir 192.217(3)	Platinum 78 Pt 195.084(9)	Gold 79 Au 196.966569(5)	Mercury 80 Hg 200.592(3)	Thallium 81 Tl 204.38	Lead 82 Pb 207.2(1)	Bismuth 83 Bi 208.98040(1)	Polonium 84 Po [209]	Astatine 85 At [210]	Radon 86 Rn [222]
7	Francium 87 Fr [223]	Radium 88 Ra [226]																					Actinium 89 Ac [227]	Thorium 90 Th 232.0377(4)	Protactinium 91 Pa 231.03588(2)	Uranium 92 U 238.02891(3)	Neptunium 93 Np [237]	Plutonium 94 Pu [244]	Americium 95 Am [243]	Curium 96 Cm [247]	Berkelium 97 Bk [247]	Californium 98 Cf [251]	Einsteinium 99 Es [252]	Fermium 100 Fm [257]	Mendelevium 101 Md [258]	Nobelium 102 No [259]	Lawrencium 103 Lr [266]	Rutherfordium 104 Rf [267]	Dubnium 105 Db [268]	Seaborgium 106 Sg [269]	Bohrium 107 Bh [270]	Hassium 108 Hs [269]	Meitnerium 109 Mt [278]	Darmstadtium 110 Ds [281]	Roentgenium 111 Rg [282]	Copernicium 112 Cn [285]	Ununtrium 113 Uut [286]	Flerovium 114 Fl [289]	Ununpentium 115 Uup [289]	Livermorium 116 Lv [293]	Ununseptium 117 Uus [294]	Ununoctium 118 Uuo [294]
8	Ununennium 119 Uue [315?]	Unbinilium 120 Ubn [320?]	Unbiunium 121 Ubu [?]	Unbibium 122 Ubb [?]	Unbitrium 123 Ubt [?]	Unbiquadium 124 Ubq [?]	Unbipentium 125 Ubp [?]	Unbihexium 126 Ubh [?]	Unbiseptium 127 Ubs [?]	Unbioctium 128 Ubo [?]	Unbiennium 129 Ube [?]	Untrinilium 130 Utn [?]	Untriunium 131 Utu [?]	Untribium 132 Utb [?]	Untritrium 133 Utt [?]	Untriquadium 134 Utq [?]	Untripentium 135 Utp [?]	Untrihexium 136 Uth [?]	Untriseptium 137 Uts [?]	Untrioctium 138 Uto [?]	Untriennium 139 Ute [?]	Unquadnilium 140 Uqn [?]	Unquadunium 141 Uqu [?]	Unquadbium 142 Uqb [?]	Unquadtrium 143 Uqt [?]	Unquadquadium 144 Uqq [?]	Unquadpentium 145 Uqp [?]	Unquadhexium 146 Uqh [?]	Unquadseptium 147 Uqs [?]	Unquadoctium 148 Uqo [?]	Unquadennium 149 Uqe [?]	Unpentnilium 150 Upn [?]	Unpentunium 151 Upu [?]	Unpentbium 152 Upb [?]	Unpenttrium 153 Upt [?]	Unpentquadium 154 Upq [?]	Unpentpentium 155 Upp [?]	Unpenthexium 156 Uph [445?]	Unpentseptium 157 Ups [448?]	Unpentoctium 158 Upo [452?]	Unpentennium 159 Upe [456?]	Unhexnilium 160 Uhn [459?]	Unhexunium 161 Uhu [463?]	Unhexbium 162 Uhb [466?]	Unhextrium 163 Uht [470?]	Unhexquadium 164 Uhq [474?]
9	Unhexpentium 165 Uhp [477?]	Unhexhexium 166 Uhh [481?]																																													Unhexseptium 167 Uhs [485?]	Unhexoctium 168 Uho [489?]	Unhexennium 169 Uhe [493?]	Unseptnilium 170 Usn [496?]	Unseptunium 171 Usu [500?]	Unseptbium 172 Usb [504?]
10 Unsepttrium 173 Ust [?] Unseptquadium 174 Usq [?] Unseptpentium 175 Usp [?] Unsepthexium 176 Ush [?] Unseptseptium 177 Uss [?] Unseptoctium 178 Uso [?] Unseptennium 179 Use [?] Unoctnilium 180 Uon [?] Unoctunium 181 Uou [?] Unoctbium 182 Uob [?] Unocttrium 183 Uot [?] Unoctquadium 184 Uoq [?] . . .

Legend

black=solid green=liquid red=gas gray=unknown Color of the atomic number shows state of matter (at 0 °C and 1 atm)

Primordial From decay Synthetic Undiscovered Border shows natural occurrence of the element

Background color shows subcategory in the metal–metalloid–nonmetal trend: Metal Metalloid Nonmetal Alkali metal Alkaline earth metal Super­actinide Eka-​super­actinide Lan­thanide Actinide Transition metal Post-​transition metal Polyatomic nonmetal Diatomic nonmetal Noble gas predicted predicted predicted predicted     predicted predicted predicted predicted predicted predicted

See also

• Extended periodic table
• Periodic table (large version)

References

1. "The periodic table of the elements". International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2007-07-22. Retrieved 2008-02-08.
2. Seaborg, Glenn (August 26, 1996). "An Early History of LBNL".
3. Frazier, K. (1978). "Superheavy Elements". Science News 113 (15): 236–238. doi:10.2307/3963006. JSTOR 3963006.
4. "Extended elements: new periodic table". 2010.
5. Pyykkö, Pekka (2011). "A suggested periodic table up to Z≤ 172, based on Dirac–Fock calculations on atoms and ions". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 13 (1): 161–8. Bibcode:2011PCCP...13..161P. doi:10.1039/c0cp01575j. PMID 20967377.