Guanosine

Not to be confused with Guanine, Guanidine, or Guanfacine.

Guanosine
Names


IUPAC name 2-Amino-9-[3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-3H-purin-6-one
Other names Guanine riboside
Identifiers
CAS Number	118-00-3^Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:16750^Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL375655^Y
ChemSpider	6544^Y
DrugBank	DB02857^Y
IUPHAR/BPS	4567
Jmol interactive 3D	Image
KEGG	C00387^Y
MeSH	Guanosine
PubChem	765
UNII	12133JR80S^Y
InChI InChI=1S/C10H13N5O5/c11-10-13-7-4(8(19)14-10)12-2-15(7)9-6(18)5(17)3(1-16)20-9/h2-3,5-6,9,16-18H,1H2,(H3,11,13,14,19)/t3-,5-,6-,9-/m1/s1^Y Key: NYHBQMYGNKIUIF-UUOKFMHZSA-N^Y InChI=1/C10H13N5O5/c11-10-13-7-4(8(19)14-10)12-2-15(7)9-6(18)5(17)3(1-16)20-9/h2-3,5-6,9,16-18H,1H2,(H3,11,13,14,19)/t3-,5-,6-,9-/m1/s1 Key: NYHBQMYGNKIUIF-UUOKFMHZBU
SMILES c1nc2c(=O)[nH]c(nc2n1[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)CO)O)O)N
Properties
Chemical formula	C₁₀H₁₃N₅O₅
Molar mass	283.241
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y verify (what is ^YN ?)
Infobox references

Guanosine is a purine nucleoside comprising guanine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) ring via a β-N₉-glycosidic bond. Guanosine can be phosphorylated to become guanosine monophosphate (GMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), guanosine diphosphate (GDP), and guanosine triphosphate (GTP). These forms play important roles in various biochemical processes such as synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, photosynthesis, muscle contraction, and intracellular signal transduction (cGMP). When guanine is attached by its N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of a deoxyribose ring it is known as deoxyguanosine.

The antiviral drug aciclovir, often used in herpes treatment, and the anti-HIV drug abacavir, are structurally similar to guanosine.

Guanosine is required for an RNA splicing reaction in mRNA, when a "self-splicing" intron removes itself from the mRNA message by cutting at both ends, re-ligating, and leaving just the exons on either side to be translated into protein.^[1]

Guanosine with numbered carbons

References

↑ Splicing (JPG) Archived June 13, 2010 at the Wayback Machine

Nucleic acid constituents

Nucleobase

Nucleoside

Ribonucleoside	Adenosine Guanosine 5-Methyluridine Uridine 5-Methylcytidine Cytidine Inosine Xanthosine Wybutosine

Deoxyribonucleoside	Deoxyadenosine Deoxyguanosine Thymidine Deoxyuridine Deoxycytidine Deoxyinosine Deoxyxanthosine

Nucleotide
(Nucleoside monophosphate)

Ribonucleotide	AMP GMP m⁵UMP UMP CMP IMP XMP

Deoxyribonucleotide	dAMP dGMP dTMP dUMP dCMP dIMP dXMP

Cyclic nucleotide	cAMP cGMP c-di-GMP cADPR

Nucleoside diphosphate

ADP GDP m⁵UDP UDP CDP

dADP dGDP dTDP dUDP dCDP

Nucleoside triphosphate

ATP GTP m⁵UTP UTP CTP ITP XTP

dATP dGTP dTTP dUTP dCTP dITP dXTP

Purinergics

Receptor
(ligands)

P0
(adenine)

Agonists: 8-Aminoadenine
Adenine

P1
(adenosine)

Agonists: 2-(1-Hexynyl)-N-methyladenosine
2-Cl-IB-MECA
2'-MeCCPA
4'-O-β-D-Glucosyl-9-O-(6''-deoxysaccharosyl)olivil
5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine
Adenosine
ADP
AMP
Apadenoson
ATL-146e
ATP
BAY 60–6583
Binodenoson
Capadenoson
CCPA
CGS-21680
CP-532,903
Evodenoson
GR 79236
LUF-5835
LUF-5845
N⁶-Cyclopentyladenosine
Neladenoson dalanate
Piclidenoson
Regadenoson
SDZ WAG 994
Selodenoson
Sonedenoson
Tecadenoson
UK-432,097

P2
(nucleotide)

P2X (ATP)	Agonists: 2-Me-SATP α,β-Me-ATP Adenosine ADP AMP Ap4A Ap5A ATP ATPγS BzATP Cibacron blue CTP D-β,γ-Me-ATP GTP HT-AMP Ivermectin L-β,γ-Me-ATP MRS-2219 PAPET-ATP UTP Zinc Antagonists: 5-BDBD A-317491 A-438079 A-740003 A-804598 A-839977 AF-353 AZ-10606120 AZ-11645373 BBG Calcium Calmidazolium Chelerythrine Copper Emodin (Rheum officinale) Evans Blue GW-791343 HMA Ip5I isoPPADS JNJ-47965567 KN-04 KN-62 Magnesium MRS-2159 NF-023 NF-110 NF-157 NF-279 NF-449 Oxidized-ATP Phenol Red Phenolphthalein PPADS PPNDS PSB-12062 Puerarin (Radix puerariae) Purotoxin 1 RB-2 Ro 0437626 Ro 51 RO-3 Sodium ferulate (Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum wallichii) Suramin TC-P 262 Tetramethylpyrazine (ligustrazine) (Ligusticum wallichii) TNP-ATP Zinc

P2Y	Agonists: 2-Me-SADP 2-Me-SATP 2-Thio-UTP 5-Br-UDP 5-OMe-UDP α,β-Me-ATP Adenosine ADP ADPβS Ap3A AR-C 67085MX ATP ATPγS CTP dATP Denufosol Diquafosol IDP ITP INS-365 INS-37217 MRS-2365 MRS-2690 MRS-2693 MRS-2768 MRS-2957 MRS-4062 NF-546 PAPET-ATP PSB-0474 PSB-1114 UDP UDPβS UDP-galactose UDP-glucose UDP-N-acetylglucosamine Up3U UTP UTPγS Antagonists: 2-Me-SAMP A3P5PS AMPαS Ap4A AR-C 66096 AR-C 67085MX AR-C 69931MX AR-C 118925XX ATP BzATP C1330-7 Cangrelor Clopidrogel Elinogrel Ip5I MRS-2179 MRS-2211 MRS-2279 MRS-2395 MRS-2500 MRS-2578 NF-157 NF-340 PIT PPADS Prasugrel PSB-0739 RB-2 Regrelor Suramin Ticagrelor Ticlopidine UDP

Transporter
(blockers)

CNTs	6-Hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone Adenosine dMeThPmR Estradiol KGO-2142 KGO-2173 MeThPmR Phloridzin Progesterone

ENTs	Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Cilostazol Dilazep Dipyridamole Estradiol Ethanol Hexobendine NBMPR Pentoxifylline Progesterone Propentofylline

PMAT	Decynium-22

Enzyme
(inhibitors)

XO	Allopurinol Amflutizole Benzbromarone Caffeic acid Cinnamaldehyde Cinnamomum osmophloeum Febuxostat Myo-inositol Kaempferol Myricetin Niraxostat Oxypurinol Phytic acid Pistacia integerrima Propolis Quercetin Tisopurine Topiroxostat

Others	Aminopterin Azathioprine Methotrexate Mycophenolic acid Pemetrexed Pralatrexate Many others

Others

Others: Chrysophanol (rhubarb)

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