Hudson Yards, Manhattan

"Hudson Yards" redirects here. For other uses, see Hudson Yards (disambiguation).
Hudson Yards

Artist's impression of Phase One of Hudson Yards.
Location Bounded by 30th Street, Twelfth Avenue, 34th Street, and Tenth Avenue
Manhattan, New York City
Coordinates 40°45′17″N 74°00′14″W / 40.754661°N 74.003783°W / 40.754661; -74.003783Coordinates: 40°45′17″N 74°00′14″W / 40.754661°N 74.003783°W / 40.754661; -74.003783
Status

Under construction

10 Hudson Yards, 2016

15 Hudson Yards, 2018

30 Hudson Yards, 2019

35 Hudson Yards, 2018

50 Hudson Yards, TBA

55 Hudson Yards, 2018

Culture Shed, 2018 or 2019

Hudson Park, 2015

7 Subway Extension, 2015
Groundbreaking December 4, 2012[1]
Estimated completion 2015–18
Website http://www.hudsonyardsnewyork.com/
Companies
Architect Kohn Pederson Fox (master planner)
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill
Tutor Perini Building Corp. (contractor)
Developer The Related Companies L.P.
Oxford Properties Group Inc., Collingwood Inc.
Technical details
Cost US$20 billion
Buildings 10, 15, 30, 35, 50, 55 Hudson Yards, and Culture Shed in phase 1; residential buildings and a school in phase 2; Hudson Park, Square, and Mall; 7 Subway Extension
Size 26 to 28 acres (11 to 11 ha)

Hudson Yards is a redevelopment project that is jointly planned, funded and constructed by the City of New York, the State of New York, and the Metropolitan Transportation Authority to encourage development along the Hudson River in Manhattan, New York City. The project includes a rezoning of the Far West Side, an extension of the New York City Subway's 7 <7> trains to the area's eponymous subway station at 11th Avenue, and a renovation of the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center.

The centerpiece of Hudson Yards is a 26-to-28-acre (10.5 to 11.3 ha) mixed-use real estate development of the same name by Related Companies and Oxford Properties, currently constructed over the West Side Rail Yard. This new construction project is the largest of its kind. According to its master plan, created by Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates, Hudson Yards is expected to consist of 16 skyscrapers containing more than 12,700,000 square feet (1,180,000 m2) of new office, residential, and retail space. Among its components will be six million square feet (560,000 m2) of commercial office space, a 750,000-square-foot (70,000 m2) retail center with two levels of restaurants, cafes, markets and bars, a hotel, a cultural space, about 5,000 residences, a 750-seat school, and 14 acres (5.7 ha) of public open space.

The rail yard development was planned after the city lost its bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics and then decided not to build the proposed West Side Stadium for the New York Jets over the MTA's John D. Caemmerer West Side Yard. Hudson Yards broke ground on December 4, 2012; the first tower, an 895-foot (273 m) office building in the southeast corner of the site, is expected to be complete in 2016. The over-US$20 billion development will accommodate a projected 65,000 daily visitors when completed.

Railyard development

Developer's original conception of the completed project, as of 2011.
West Side Yard, site of the Hudson Yards project.

In January 2005, the New York City Council approved the rezoning of about 60 blocks from 28th to 43rd Streets, including the eastern portion of the West Side Yard.[2] This did not include the western portion. In June 2005, the proposed West Side Stadium, to be built over the western portion for the New York City bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics, was defeated.[3] Soon after, the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) thought of ways to redevelop the 26 acres (11 ha) yards. In conjunction with the government of New York City, the MTA issued a Request for Proposal (RFP) for 12,000,000 square feet (1,100,000 m2) of mixed-use space. The space was to be built on platforms over the rail yards, which would still be in use.[3]

Five developers responded to the RFP.[4] Tishman Speyer won the bid in March 2008.[5] Tishman Speyer entered into a 99-year lease with the MTA, paying $1 billion for the air rights.[6] It would also spend another $2 billion for development over the rail yards, including for the two platforms over the yards to support 15 acres (6.1 ha) of public spaces, four office buildings, and ten high-rise residential towers.[5]

However, just two months later, the deal broke down due to the late-2000s financial crisis.[7] Not much later, the MTA chose Related Companies and Goldman Sachs to develop Hudson Yards under the same conditions.[8] In December 2009, the New York City Council approved Related Companies' revised plan for Hudson Yards, and the western portion of the West Side Yard was rezoned.[3] The newly rezoned Hudson Yards area was to have 25,800,000 square feet (2,400,000 m2) of Class A office space, 20,000 housing units, two million square feet (190,000 m2) of hotel space, a 750-seat public school, one million square feet (93,000 m2) of retail and more than 20 acres (8 ha) of public open space.[9] Following the rail yards' successful rezoning, the MTA signed another 99-year lease to the air rights over the rail yard in May 2010. The air rights were signed over to a joint venture of Related Companies and Oxford Properties Group, which invested $400 million to build a platform above both the eastern and western portions of the yard on which to construct the buildings.[10][3] Groundbreaking for 10 Hudson Yards, the first building, occurred on December 4, 2012.[1]

In April 2013, the Related/Oxford joint venture obtained a $475 million construction loan from parties including Barry Sternlicht's Starwood Capital Group and luxury retailer Coach. The financing deal was unique in several aspects, including the fact that it included a construction mezzanine loan, that Coach was a lender on both the debt and equity sides,[11] and that the MTA helped create the "severable lease" structure that allowed for the loans. A portion of the project has also been financed by the EB-5 investment program, which uses capital from immigrants who become eligible for a green card.[12]

In February 2015, the Chetrit Group, headed by Meyer and Joseph Chetrit, announced that it wanted to spend US$29 million to expand the Hudson Yards development site by 373,068 square feet (34,659.2 m2). It would add about 200,000 square feet (19,000 m2) of space to a site between 11th Avenue, 37th and 38th Streets, and Hudson Boulevard that previously allowed 173,000 square feet (16,100 m2) of retail space. A buyer would be able to split the space between two buildings.[13]

So many fees and taxes are being incurred by Hudson Yards and similar projects on the West Side that it is expected that revenue from Hudson Yards could pay off bonds that the city issued to associated projects, such as the 7 train extension and a park and boulevard in Hudson Yards. Although the city had allotted $358 million a year since 2006 to pay off debt, developers have paid the city $336 million since July 2014, in the form of development fees and land rights. As a result of the rezoning of the Hudson Yards neighborhood, at least 57 buildings have been built or planned in the area from 2006 to June 2015.[14] The city had originally projected to receive $563 million from property sales by September 2015.[15]

Construction phases

Aerial view of the site of the Hudson Yards project.

The new platform upon which the Hudson Yards development will be built is bordered by 10th and 12th Avenues and by 30th and 33rd Streets.[16] It is expected to cost more than US$20 billion[17] and may eventually see 65,000 visitors a day.[18] As of June 2015, construction is overseen by Related Companies' executive vice president, Timur Galen.[19]

The 26.17-acre (10.59 ha) Hudson Yards project,[20][21] the largest planned development ever built in the United States,[22] was to be constructed over the existing at-grade West Side Yard, allowing LIRR trains to continue to be stored during midday hours. The land parcel is bordered by 30th Street and Chelsea on the south, Twelfth Avenue on the west, 33rd Street and Hell's Kitchen on the north, and Tenth Avenue on the east. Eleventh Avenue runs through the site, and splits the redevelopment project into two phases. To minimize construction impact on the LIRR's ability to store trains during midday and peak hours, caissons were drilled into bedrock throughout much of the site, over which the platform was to be built.[23] However, only 38% of the ground level at West Side Yard was to be filled in with columns to support the development.[24] Much of the platform itself will be built by a huge Manitowoc 18000 crane.[25] The eastern platform, supporting the towers, comprises 16 bridges.[26] The platform for the Eastern Rail Yard is to be completed in October 2015, and the western platform will be completed by 2016.[27]

In 2013, Amtrak announced it would build a "tunnel box" through the project areas to reserve the space for a future rail right-of-way such as the proposed Gateway Project.[28][29][30] Construction began September 2013 and is expected to take two years.[31] The underground concrete casing is 800 ft (240 m) long, 50 ft (15 m) wide, and approximately 35 ft (11 m) tall.[32]

Phase 1

Phase 1, the eastern phase, is to contain two office towers on Tenth Avenue, plus a retail podium between them. The southern tower, the 52-story, 895-foot (273 m) 10 Hudson Yards, is expected to open in 2016,[33] anchored by Coach Inc. The building, for which ground was broken on December 4, 2012,[1] was the first of the Hudson Yards buildings to begin construction, because it is not being built over railroad tracks. It will, however, straddle the High Line spur to Tenth Avenue.[34] The tower is expected to receive LEED Gold certification,[35] as all of the other Phase 1 buildings.[27] The other tower, the 80-story, 1,337-foot (408 m) 30 Hudson Yards, is designed by Kohn Pederson Fox with an observation deck. Construction will begin after caissons are sunk to support the platform over the tracks, the latter of which will be raised 12 to 27 feet (4 to 8 m) above ground level and be level with the High Line.[20] Related Companies officials expect 30 Hudson Yards to be occupied by 2018.[36]

Bordering Eleventh Avenue are two mixed-use buildings, 15 Hudson Yards and 35 Hudson Yards, which were previously known as the D and E Towers, respectively. 15 Hudson Yards will be connected to a semi-permanent structure, a performance and arts space known as the Culture Shed.[37] 15 Hudson Yards started construction in December 2014, and construction on 35 Hudson Yards's foundation was started in January 2015.[38]

In Phase 1, there will also be 100 shops and 20 restaurants inside a proposed 7-story mall,[20] which will have 1,000,000 square feet (93,000 m2) of space, including 750,000 square feet (70,000 m2) in retail, possibly including department stores and a movie theater. The retail space, designed by Elkus Manfredi Architects[39] with a connection to the bases of 10 and 30 Hudson Yards, started construction in June 2015,[40][38] with a 100,000 short tons (91,000,000 kg) order of steel, one of the largest such orders in the history of the United States.[41] In September 2014, Neiman Marcus was signed to become the anchor tenant of the Hudson Yards Retail Space, which will open in 2018; the store will occupy the top 3 levels and 1⁄4 of the mall, or 250,000 square feet (23,000 m2).[42] Fairway, a locally-based grocer, is expected to build a store in the lower floors of the building, occupying 45,875 square feet (4,262 m2).[43][44] Chef and restaurateur Thomas Keller will open a restaurant in the complex, in addition to selecting 11 other restaurants in the retail space; all 12 restaurants are expected to open in 2018.[45][38] The mall may be anchored by Dior and Chanel on the topmost floors, with "a 'Fifth Avenue' mix of shops", such as H&M, Zara, and Sephora below them.[38]

There will also be a 6-acre (2 ha) public square, with 28,000 plants and 225 trees,[46] on the platform.[20] The square's architecture was conceived by Nelson Byrd Woltz and Heatherwick Studios. The plaza's southern side will have a "canopy" of trees. The southeast entrance will contain a water fountain as well. A "'seasonally expressive' entry garden" will be located at the subway entrance at 33rd Street.[27] The public square will be a ventilation area for the West Side Yards, as well as a storm water runoff site. Storm water that runs off into the square will be reused.[27] Since it is going to be on top of an active rail yard, the public square would be located over a 6-foot (1.8 m) deep plenum above a huge cooling slab with 15 fans blowing 45 miles per hour (72 km/h) air and a 60,000-US-gallon (230,000 l; 50,000 imp gal) rainwater storage tank. The whole platform would then be supported by 234 caissons. The plantings themselves would be rooted with "smart soil".[46][38]

Phase 2

When the West Side Yard was built in the mid-1980s, space was left between the tracks to allow for columns supporting an overbuild. The area pictured will be where Phase 2 of the project will be built.

The western phase of the project is to contain up to seven residential towers, an office building at 33rd Street and Eleventh Avenue tentatively known as "West Tower", and a school serving Pre-K to eighth grade students.[27] The third phase of the High Line will traverse Phase 2 of the project.[37] The entire project, including Phase 2, could be complete by 2024.[47]

Neighborhood

Planning

30th Street staging area for construction equipment and materials.

The Hudson Yards neighborhood is bordered on the east by Seventh and Eighth Avenues, on the south by West 28th and 30th Streets, on the north by West 43rd Street, and on the west by Hudson River Park and the Hudson River. In 2003 the New York City Department of City Planning issued a master plan that envisioned the creation of 40 million square feet of commercial and residential development, two corridors of open space – one between Eleventh Avenue and Tenth Avenue, and another network of open space between Ninth Avenue and Tenth Avenue to create a park system from West 39th Street to West 34th Street, portions of which would be located along the Dyer Avenue/Lincoln Tunnel Expressway corridors.[48] The City's plan was similar to a neighborhood plan produced by architect Meta Brunzema and environmental planner Daniel Gutman for the Hell's Kitchen Neighborhood Association (HKNA). The main concept of the HKNA plan was to allow major new development while protecting the existing residential core area between Ninth and Tenth avenues.[49]

To help facilitate development, the City's plan called for an extension of the 7 <7> trains to a 34th Street subway station under Eleventh Avenue, adjacent to the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center. To fund the subway and other infrastructure, the City proposed a novel tax-increment financing scheme within a Hudson Yards financing district to collect both residential property taxes and commercial payments-in-lieu-of-taxes (PILOTS) and sell transferable development rights to prospective developers.[50] A Hudson Yards Infrastructure Corporation would issue bonds against expected revenues.

Subway extension

Main article: 7 Subway Extension
The new subway station in September 2015.

After the Hudson Yards project was approved in 2005, the MTA received proceeds from the initial 2006 bond offering to pay for the subway to 34th Street.[51] With funding assured, the MTA proceeded quickly to construction.[52] The subway extension opened on September 13, 2015,[53][54] and connects to nearby buildings and developments, including 30 Hudson Yards[36] and the Hudson Park and Boulevard.[55] The 34th Street station's main entrance, escalators and an elevator on the west side of Hudson Park and Boulevard between 33rd and 34th Streets, is at the foot of 55 Hudson Yards and is just half a block away from the rail yard's northern edge.[56] Another station, planned for Tenth Avenue and 41st Street, was not built.

Parks

Hudson Boulevard and Park, a four-acre system of parks and roads,[57] is located north of the rail yard site, extending from 33rd Street to 39th Street, mid-block between Tenth Avenue and Eleventh Avenue. The boulevard is divided into a Hudson Boulevard East and a Hudson Boulevard West, with the park between the two.[58] The first phase, between 33rd and 36th Streets, was completed in August 2015.[59] Proposed parks between Ninth and Tenth avenues in the original plan were later dropped.

In late 2014, the final phase of the High Line, an elevated park using the former right-of-way of the southern portion of the West Side Line, opened. It enters the Hudson Yards site and curves along 30th Street, Twelfth Avenue and 34th Street, with a spur (dubbed "The Spur") along 30th Street to Tenth Avenue. Related Companies intends to integrate the High Line with its buildings; for example, 10 Hudson Yards cantilevers over The Spur.[24] Dubbed "High Line at the Rail Yards", the section will be built in three phases. The right-of-way from 30th Street will be extended into the Hudson Yards site, running parallel to 30th Street past Eleventh Avenue, and developed in a manner similar to the opened sections of the park. The Spur along 30th Street is slated to get an amphitheater, restrooms, trees and grasses above Tenth Avenue.[60] Finally, the curved section around the western part of Hudson Yards will be developed as an "interim walkway", with further construction in 2015.[61]

Real estate

Existing 450 West 33rd Street building in Manhattan West, home to the Associated Press.

Even before the opening of any of the Hudson Yards buildings, many businesses in the area have seen increased profits due to the project's construction. There has also been a development boom in the vicinity of the Hudson Yards project.[62] The Hudson Yards redevelopment project further catalyzed plans to build new buildings along the future Hudson Boulevard. Among these are 3 Hudson Boulevard (formerly the GiraSole), located on 34th Street and Eleventh Avenue.[63]

Related Companies seeks to build two new office buildings, neither of which were originally part of the Hudson Yards' original design concept, north of the site, including on the footprint of the current headquarters of Coach, Inc.. These towers are tentatively known as 50 Hudson Yards and 55 Hudson Yards.[64][65] The 55 Hudson Yards building will start construction in January 2015, and it is expected to be opened by late 2017, finishing earlier than 30 and 35 Hudson Yards.[66] On the east side of Tenth Avenue in Manhattan West, where Brookfield Properties announced its intent to develop over the trackage that leads to the New York Penn Station. To facilitate construction and to build a public plaza, Brookfield Properties announced that it would use prefabricated parts to build a platform, over which its two office towers would rest upon and over which a public plaza would be built.[67]

In early 2014, real estate firm Massey Knakal announced a conceptual supertall with a 1.22 million square feet capacity and 108 stories that would soar over 1,800 feet on the north side of 34th Street between Hudson Boulevard and Tenth Avenue in order to show the potential of a site that it intended to sell.[68] Dubbed Hudson Spire and designed by MJM+A architects, it would be the tallest tower in the Western Hemisphere if completed. The site was later purchased by Tishman Speyer on April 30, 2014, along with two adjacent properties for a total space of 2,850,000 square feet (265,000 m2).[69][70]

In June 2015, Tishman Speyer bought another lot between West 36th and 37th Streets on 11th Avenue; the lot was zoned for a 735,000 square feet (68,300 m2) residential and hotel property.[71] It is next to a lot—zoned for a planned residential tower—that was bought in 2012 by Lalezarian Properties for $46.5 million,[72] Tishman Speyer's land is also close to a lot owned by former New York Governor Eliot Spitzer, who bought the lot in 2013 and plans at least 414,000 square feet (38,500 m2) of new development space.[73]

Technological advances

The rail yard development will be technologically advanced, in that all sorts of data will be collected within the buildings using sensors and other data-collecting instruments.[47][74] Among the innovations will be:

New York University's Center for Urban Science and Progress is designing the infrastructure with the developers of Hudson Yards. Fiber loops connected to satellite dishes on rooftops, to transponders, and to two-way radios will create a network covering the 14 acres (6 ha) of open space as well as 17,000,000 square feet (1,600,000 m2) of commercial space.[74] The technology is designed to be adaptable — updates to infrastructure will be performed as new technological advances are made.[47]

See also

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Sheftell, Jason. "New York City officials, developers to break ground on $15 billion mini-city Hudson Yards" New York Daily News (December 4, 2012)
  2. ↑ Purnick, Joyce (January 2, 2005). "What Rises in the West? Uncertainty". The New York Times. Retrieved March 6, 2010.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Mitchell L. Moss (November 2011). "HOW NEW YORK CITY WON THE OLYMPICS" (PDF). Rudin Center for Transportation Policy and Management, Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service. New York University. Retrieved 11 September 2015.
  4. ↑ Lisberg, Adam (November 19, 2007). "Plans For The Old West, Five major developers lay out visions for Hudson Yards". Daily News (New York).
  5. 1 2 Kates, Brian (March 27, 2008). "$1B Bid That Won West. Developer Nets Hudson Yards’ Building Rights". Daily News (New York).
  6. ↑ Editorial Desk (March 28, 2008). "Finally, a Vision for the West Side". New York Times (New York).
  7. ↑ Bagli, Charles (May 9, 2008). "Deal to Build At Railyards On West Side Collapses". New York Times (New York).
  8. ↑ Kates, Brian (May 23, 2008). "MTA Seals 1B Deal, Gets Yards On Track". Daily News (New York).
  9. ↑ Bagli, Charles V. (December 21, 2009). "Rezoning Will Allow Railyard Project to Advance". The New York Times. Retrieved December 22, 2009.
  10. ↑ "MTA Finalizes Hudson Yards Deal". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. May 26, 2010. Retrieved October 4, 2013.
  11. ↑ Samtani, Hiten (August 13, 2013). "Anatomy of a deal: Inside Related/Oxford’s unusual financing of Hudson Yards". The Real Deal. Retrieved March 19, 2014.
  12. ↑ Brown, Eliot. "Future of Immigrant Visa Program Has High-End Builders At Odds". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2015-11-11.
  13. ↑ "Chetrit to pay $29M to double size of Hudson Yards site". The Real Deal. February 18, 2015. Retrieved February 21, 2015.
  14. ↑ Charles V. Bagli (June 20, 2015). "Redevelopment of Manhattan’s Far West Side Gains Momentum". The New York Times. Retrieved June 29, 2015.
  15. ↑ "New Football Stadium? No. New Neighborhood? Sort of. New Subway Station? Yes.". WNYC. 2015-09-10. Retrieved 2015-09-12.
  16. ↑ "Mayor Bloomberg, MTA Officials, and local leaders take first ride on 7 Subway Train Extension". MTA.info. December 20, 2013. Retrieved May 9, 2014. Hudson Yards is defined as the area bounded by Seventh and Eighth Avenues (East), West 28th/30th Streets (South), West 43rd Street (North) and Hudson River Park (West).
  17. ↑ "New York's New $20 Billion Neighborhood Of Skyscrapers Is Designed With Millennials In Mind". Fast Company. July 29, 2014. Retrieved July 29, 2014.
  18. ↑ Adamczyk, Alicia (December 16, 2014). "Hudson Yards Takes Shape: New York's Newest Neighborhood Is Moving Full-Speed Ahead". Forbes. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  19. ↑ Sarah Mulholland (June 4, 2015). "Related Hires Goldman’s Galen for Hudson Yards Project". Bloomberg Business. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
  20. 1 2 3 4 "Hudson Yards developers give update on project". AM New York. August 21, 2014. Retrieved August 21, 2014.
  21. ↑ "Time-Lapse Video of the Hudson Yards Real Estate Development After Two Years. Incredible". Huffington Post. August 21, 2014. Retrieved August 21, 2014.
  22. ↑ "New New York: ‘Building a neighborhood from scratch’ at Hudson Yards". PIX11. February 13, 2015. Retrieved February 21, 2015.
  23. ↑ Nick Stockton (March 24, 2014). "A Plan to Build Skyscrapers That Barely Touch the Ground". Wired. Retrieved April 16, 2014.
  24. 1 2 10 Hudson Yards fact sheet
  25. ↑ "Manitowoc 18000 builds foundation for $20 billion Hudson Yards". Cranesy. April 8, 2014. Retrieved April 12, 2015.
  26. ↑ "Hudson Yards Set to Alter Skyline, Transform Neighborhood". Chelsea Now. February 6, 2013. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
  27. 1 2 3 4 5 "Progress Report: Hudson Yards". Chelsea Now. Retrieved February 21, 2015.
  28. ↑ Sichert, Bill (March 5, 2013). "Amtrak to construct 'tunnel box' for Hudson River rail project to cross Manhattan development". The Star-Ledger. Retrieved March 9, 2013.
  29. ↑ Samtani, HIten (February 26, 2013). "Related, Amtrak to construct rail tunnel between Manhattan and NJ". The Real Deal. Retrieved March 9, 2013.
  30. ↑ Cuozzo, Steve (February 26, 2013). "Fed money keeps rail tunnel alive". The New York Post. Retrieved March 9, 2013.
  31. ↑   (September 23, 2013). "West Side Construction Project May Bring New Rail Tunnel Pathways To Hudson River". NY1. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
  32. ↑ Environmental Assessment for Construction of a Concrete Casing in the Hudson Yards, New York, New York, Federal Railroad Administration, March 2013
  33. ↑ "10 Hudson Yards Availabilities | Hudson Yards". Hudsonyardsnewyork.com. January 22, 2014. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
  34. ↑ Fedak, Nikolai (December 13, 2013). "Construction Update: 10 Hudson Yards". New York YIMBY. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
  35. ↑ "10 Hudson Yards Building Plan | Hudson Yards". Hudsonyardsnewyork.com. January 22, 2014. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
  36. 1 2 "30 Hudson Yards Connects to New No 7 Subway Station | Hudson Yards". Hudsonyardsnewyork.com. January 22, 2014. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
  37. 1 2 "The Master Plan – 17 Million Square Foot Mixed Use Development | Hudson Yards". Hudsonyardsnewyork.com. January 22, 2014. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
  38. 1 2 3 4 5 "Hudson Yards, From the Pits to the Heights". chelseanow.com. 2015-08-20. Retrieved 2015-08-20.
  39. ↑ Voien, Guelda (January 1, 2014). "Hudson Yards retail gets underway, with construction and marketing set to begin at Far West Side site this month". The Real Deal. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  40. ↑ Jessica Dailey (June 10, 2015). "Hudson Yards Construction Rolls On As Retail Center Rises". Curbed NY. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
  41. ↑ "Hudson Yards retail gets underway with one of biggest steel orders in US history". Real Estate Weekly. June 10, 2015. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
  42. ↑ Morris, Keiko (September 3, 2014). "Hudson Yards Signs Neiman Marcus". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved September 17, 2014.
  43. ↑ 10 Hudson Yards Fact Sheet
  44. ↑ "HudsonYards | News and press :: Fairway Market to be Anchor Food Market at Hudson Yards". Hudsonyardsnewyork.com. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
  45. ↑ Marguerite Preston (May 4, 2015). "Thomas Keller to Open an American Restaurant in Hudson Yards Megaproject". New York Eater. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
  46. 1 2 Dunlap, David W. (July 22, 2015). "A Garden Will Grow With Fans, Concrete, Coolant and 28,000 Plants". New York Times. New York Times. Retrieved July 22, 2015.
  47. 1 2 3 4 5 Volpe, Joseph (May 7, 2014). "New York's next big neighborhood is its smartest". Engadget. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
  48. ↑ "Hudson Yards Master Plan: Preferred Direction" (PDF). New York City Department of City Planning. February 2003. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  49. ↑ HKNA plan
  50. ↑ City of New York, Hudson Yards financing proposal, July 12, 2004.
  51. ↑ Hudson Yards Infrastructure Corporation
  52. ↑ MTA Contract Presentation, October 10, 2006.
  53. ↑ Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (2015-09-10). "Subway Station for 7 Line Opens on Far West Side". The New York Times. Retrieved 2015-09-13.
  54. ↑ Tangel, Andrew (2015-09-13). "New Subway Station Opens on NYC’s Far West Side". WSJ. Retrieved 2015-09-13.
  55. ↑ mta.info—Benefits of the 7 Line Extension
  56. ↑ "Capital Program 7 Line Extension". MTA.info. December 20, 2013. Retrieved January 30, 2014.
  57. ↑ "Hudson Park & Boulevard Will Be a Sweeping New Promenade Connecting to Hudson Yards". Hudsonyardsnewyork.com. January 22, 2014. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
  58. ↑ "Hudson Park and Boulevard". Hudson Yards New York. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
  59. ↑ Hogan, Gwynne (2015-08-13). "New Park Begins Transformation of Industrial Hudson Yards District". DNAinfo New York. Retrieved 2015-08-20.
  60. ↑ "New Design Concept for the High Line at the Rail Yards". Friends of the High Line. November 11, 2013. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
  61. ↑ "Groundbreaking at the High Line at the Rail Yards". Friends of the High Line. September 20, 2012. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
  62. ↑ "Business in Store as Hudson Yards Rises". chelseanow.com. 2015-08-06. Retrieved 2015-08-20.
  63. ↑ Weiss, Lois (23 January 2013). "Lucky ‘7’ at 3 Hudson Blvd.". New York Post. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
  64. ↑ Levitt, David M. (October 17, 2013). "Related to Start Work on Hudson Yards Platform in January". Bloomberg. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
  65. ↑ Thursday, December 5, 2013, by Jessica Dailey (December 5, 2013). "Design Changes Revealed For Two Hudson Yards Towers – Rendering Redos – Curbed NY". Ny.curbed.com. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
  66. ↑ Dailey, Jessica (June 4, 2014). "55 Hudson Yards Designed As 'A Basic, Fundamental Sculpture'". Curbed NY. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  67. ↑ "Deck Engineering & Technology". Manhattanwestnyc.com. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
  68. ↑ Alberts, Hana R. (February 6, 2014). "Meet Hudson Spire, The U.S.'s 'Potential Future Tallest Tower'". Curbed NY. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  69. ↑ Drummer, Randyl (April 30, 2014). "Tishman Speyer to Develop Massive Hudson Yards Tower – CoStar Group". Costar.com. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
  70. ↑ "Tishman Speyer Acquires the Rights to Develop 2.85 Million Square Foot Tower in Manhattan's Hudson Yards District – Press Release". Digital Journal. April 30, 2014. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
  71. ↑ Daniel Geiger (June 10, 2015). "Tishman Speyer is buying a development site across from Javits Center for $185M". Crain's New York. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
  72. ↑ Rick Bockmann (June 11, 2015). "Lalezarian planning 38-story Hudson Yards resi tower". The Real Deal. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
  73. ↑ Matt Chaban (December 27, 2013). "Eliot Spitzer's latest acquisition: Former governor's real estate company spends $88M for property on Manhattan's far West Side". New York Daily News. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
  74. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Clancy, Heather (June 11, 2014). "Hudson Yards: A connected neighborhood grows in Manhattan". GreenBiz. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
  75. ↑ Clarke, Katherine (June 27, 2014). "TOO RICH FOR TRASH: Hudson Yards waste will exit by pneumatic tube". NY Daily News. Retrieved June 27, 2014.

Further reading

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Descriptions:

Maps:

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