Koraput district

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Koraput.
Koraput
କୋରାପୁଟ
District

View at Laxmipur Road railway station, Koraput district

Location in Odisha, India
Coordinates: 18°48′30″N 82°42′30″E / 18.8083°N 82.7083°E / 18.8083; 82.7083Coordinates: 18°48′30″N 82°42′30″E / 18.8083°N 82.7083°E / 18.8083; 82.7083
Country  India
State Odisha
Headquarters Koraput
Government
 • Collector Shri Jayakumar V, IAS
 • Member of Lok Sabha Jhina Hikaka, BJD
Area
 • Total 8,379 km2 (3,235 sq mi)
Population (2011)
 • Total 1,376,934
 • Density 140.58/km2 (364.1/sq mi)
Languages
 • Official Odia, English
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 764 020
Vehicle registration OD-10
Sex ratio 1.038 ♂/♀
Literacy 36.20%
Lok Sabha constituency Koraput
Vidhan Sabha constituency 5
Climate Aw (Köppen)
Precipitation 1,522 millimetres (59.9 in)
Avg. summer temperature 38 °C (100 °F)
Avg. winter temperature 12 °C (54 °F)
Website www.koraput.nic.in

Koraput is a district of Odisha, India, and known for rich and diverse types of mineral deposits. It is located along the Eastern Ghats.

History

Koraput district was ruled by several dynasities such as Satavahans, Ikshvakus, Nalas, Ganga kings and kings of Surya vansha. It was a part of the erstwhile Madras Presidency and became a district of Odisha state on 1 April 1936 .

In October, 1992, Koraput district was divided, resulting in the creation of Malkangiri, Rayagada and Nabarangpur district.

It is currently a part of the Red Corridor.[1]

Geography

1672 m high Deomali, the tallest mountain in Odisha, is located in Koraput district.[2]

Major Towns

Administration

Koraput district is divided into 2 sub-divisions and 14 blocks. The 2 sub-divisions are Koraput and Jeypore Blocks in Koraput sub-division 1. Koraput 2. Semiliguda 3. Nandapur 4. Pottangi 5. Dasmanthpur 6. Lamtaput 7. Laxmipur 8. Narayanapatna 9. Bandugaon Blocks in Jeypore sub-division 1. Jeypore 2. Boipariguda 3. Kotpad 4. Kundra 5. Boriguma

Culture

Places Of Interest

People

Koraput is an Adivasi district, known for high concentration of Adivasi communities (tribes). Each community has its own language, hailed as a great repository of ecological knowledge. These communities have been practicing their own indigenous religions, but are termed as 'Hindus' by the constitution of India. This paves the way for their assimilation into the 'Hindu Mainstream'. Adivasi religion thus faces an onslaught from both Hinduism as well as evangelical Christianity.

Agriculture

Jeypore tract of the Koraput district is known as one of the centres of origin of rice. The people of Koraput district, notably the adivasis have generated and conserved many indigenous cultivars of rice that are suitable for both dryland and wetland cultivation. The Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) in 2012 recognised the service of the communities of Koraput in ensuring food security by declaring the Koraput district as a Global Agricultural Heritage Site

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Koraput one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[3] It is one of the 19 districts in Odisha currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[3]

Major Industries

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Koraput district has a population of 1,376,934,[4] roughly equal to the nation of Swaziland[5] or the US state of Hawaii.[6] This gives it a ranking of 356th in India (out of a total of 640).[4] The district has a population density of 156 inhabitants per square kilometre (400/sq mi) .[4] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 16.63%.[4] Koraput has a sex ratio of 1031 females for every 1000 males,[4] and a literacy rate of 49.87%.[4]

Languages

Languages include Bhatri, which falls within the Odia language group but only shares about 60% lexical similarity with Oriya, spoken by about 600 000;[7] and Bhunjia, spoken by approximately 7000 Bhunjia Adivasis.[8]

Naxalism

Naxalism is a serious matter of concern in south Odisha, including Koraput district, since around 2000. Earlier, the naxalite activities were confined to districts such as Malkangiri, which share its borders with the neighboring states. With time, the naxal activities has spread to Koraput as well as other districts like Rayagada or Nabarangpur. The inaccessible hilly terrain, dense forests, lack of development, grievances of the tribals and poor, and the absence of administration have been conducive to the spread of left-wing extremism in Odisha. The seriousness of the problem was underlined by a co-ordinated Naxalite attack on the District Headquarters and armoury at Koraput on February 6, 2004.[9]

Naxal group, namely People's War Group (PWG), has carried out numerous operations (attacks on rich farmers, police, bureaucrats and politicians, loots from godowns) within last few years in Koraput as well as in its neighboring districts.[10]

Transport

Koraput railway station is a junction station on Kirandul-Visakhapatnam railway line that branches towards Rayagada railway station on the other side. many trains like Kirandul Vskp passenger, Jagdalpur-Howrah, Jagdalpur-Bhubaneswar Hirakhand Exp halt for 10–25 minutes at Koraput. Other main railheads include Jeypore, Kotpad Road Station, Damanjodi, and Lakshmipur Road. Koraput District is served by NH-26, from Raipur to Visakhapatnam. One can go to nearby Malkangiri through Jeypore Road.

Politics

Vidhan sabha constituencies

The following is the 5 Vidhan sabha constituencies[11][12] of Koraput district and the elected members[13] of that area

No. Constituency Reservation Extent of the Assembly Constituency (Blocks) Member of 14th Assembly Party
141 Lakshmipur ST Lakshmipur, Dasamanthapur, Bandhugaon, Narayanpatana Mr. Kailash Chandra Kulesika INC
142 Kotpad ST Kotpad (NAC), Kotpad, Kundra, Borigumma (part), Boipariguda (part) INC
143 Jeypore None Jeypore (M), Jeypore, Borigumma (part) Mr. Tara Prasad Bahinipati INC
144 Koraput SC Koraput (NAC), Sunabeda (NAC), Lamptaput, Koraput(PART), Boipariguda (part) Mr. Krushna Chandra Sagaria INC
145 Pottangi ST Pottangi, Semiliguda, Nandapur, Koraput (part) Mr. Prafulla Kumar Pangi BJD

References

  1. ↑ "83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme". IntelliBriefs. 2009-12-11. Retrieved 2011-09-17.
  2. ↑ The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 17, p. 74
  3. 1 2 Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  5. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01. Swaziland 1,370,424 line feed character in |quote= at position 10 (help)
  6. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Hawaii 1,360,301 line feed character in |quote= at position 7 (help)
  7. ↑ M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Bhatri: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 2011-09-28.
  8. ↑ M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Bhunjia: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  9. ↑ "Maoists in Orissa Growing Tentacles and a Dormant State".
  10. ↑ "Naxalite Consolidation In Orissa".
  11. ↑ Assembly Constituencies and their EXtent
  12. ↑ Seats of Odisha
  13. ↑ "List of Member in Fourteenth Assembly". ws.ori.nic.in. Retrieved 19 February 2013. MEMBER NAME

Bibliography

Berger, Peter (2002). The Gadaba and the 'non-ST' Desia of Koraput, Orissa. Article

Burrow, T. and S. Bhattacharya (1961). Some notes on the Kui dialect as spoken by the Kuttia Kandhas of North-east Koraput. Indo-Iranian Journal. 5 (2): 118-135

Franco, Merlin F. and D. Narasimhan (2012). Ethnobotany of Kondh, Poraja, Gadaba and Bonda of the Koraput region of Orissa, India. D.K. Printworld. ISBN 978-81-246-0619-3

Franco, Merlin F and D. Narasimhan (2009). Plant names and uses as indicators of knowledge patterns. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge. 8: 645-648 Article

Franco, Merlin F., D. Narasimhan and W. Stanley (2009). Relationship between Four Tribal Communities and their Natural Resources in the Koraput Region. Ethnobotany Research & Applications 6: 481-485

Franco, Merlin F and D. Narasimhan (2008). Ecological elements in the songs of the Poraja and the ancient Tamils. Indian Journal of Eco-criticism 1, 49-54

Thusu, Kidar Nath and Jha, Makhan (1972). Ollar Gadba of Koraput. Anthropological Survey of India, Kolkata

Thusu, Kidar Nath (1977). Pengo Parajas of Koraput. Anthropological Survey of India, Kolkata

External links

 Nabarangapur district
Dantewada district, Chhattisgarh		 Kalahandi district Rayagada district
Bastar district, Chhattisgarh Vizianagaram district, Andhra Pradesh
   Koraput district  
Malkangiri district Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh Vizianagaram district, Andhra Pradesh
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