List of locomotives in China

A list of current and defunct locomotives in the People's Republic of China.

Steam locomotives

The first steam locomotive in China is thought to be a 2'6" gauge 0-4-0T engine used on the Shanghai-Wusong railway. Towards the end of the 19th century concessions obtained from the Qing dynasty enabled foreign powers (Germany, Russia, France and Great Britain) to build railways in China, and they introduced a variety of foreign-built machines. Later Japan gained control over Manchuria as a result of the Treaty of Portsmouth following the Russo-Japanese War and created the South Manchuria Railway from their acquisitions - resulting in Japanese as well as American locomotives being imported into the north-east of China.[1]

After the end of the Second World War China came back under indigenous rule. Locomotive were imported from both the United States and Russia as well as other Communist bloc countries.[1]

Production of steam locomotives continued into the late 20th century. However, steam motive power was supplanted by diesel and electric locomotives as early as the 1950s. The Chinese rail network has been increasingly electrified in the twentieth century.

Model Wheel arrangement Build year Builder Number built Notes Photo
DB1 2-6-4T 1907 ALCO
DB4 2-6-4ST 1892 Dübs and Company
DB5 2-6-4T 1911 Kitson and Company
ET6 0-8-0 1936~1938 North British Locomotive Company
ET7 0-8-0T ~1960 Fablok 90 Similar to the polish TKP T2D Silesia locomotives, for industrial use, not used on the main network
FD 2-10-2 1930s Voroshilovgrad 1034 Converted to standard gauge (1958-) from Russian FD class locomotives
GJ 0-6-0T 1958-61 Chengdu, Taiyuan 122 Designed at Dalian locomotive works, used in industrial lococations, and other shunting duties.
HS 4-6-4T Nasmyth Wilson
JF1 2-8-2 1918 ~ 1945 ALCO, Kawasaki, KSK, Nippon, Hitachi, SMR shops, Dalian, Sifang 2000>
JF2 2-8-2 1928 Shahekuo
JF3 2-8-2 1930 Škoda
JF6 2-8-2 1940
JF7 2-8-2 1931 North British Locomotive Company
JS 2-8-2 1957-65, 1981-88 Dalian works, Qishuyan works, Datong works, Beijing 7th Feb works 1916 Built in two tranches, revised version introduced in 1985. Many still remain on industrial lines and short lines.
KD3 2-8-0 1910 Beyer Peacock
KD4 2-8-0 1911–1919 Imported ROD 2-8-0
KD6 2-8-0 1942–1946 American Locomotive Company, Baldwin Locomotive Works, Lima Locomotive Works Imported USATC S160 Class
KD7 2-8-0 1946–1947 American Locomotive Company, Baldwin Locomotive Works, Lima Locomotive Works 160 Built in the USA and supplied to China by UNRRA in 1946.
KF 4-8-4 Vulcan Foundry (UK)
MG 2-6-0 North British Locomotive Company
MG1 2-6-0 1903–1916 North British Locomotive Company
MG3 2-6-0 1900–1903 Dübs and Company North British Locomotive Company
MG4 2-6-0 1919–1928 North British Locomotive Company
ML1 0-6-6-0 1908 North British Locomotive Company
PL 2-6-2ST/2-6-2T 1887–1910 Dübs and Company North British Locomotive Company
PL2 2-6-2
PL5 2-6-2ST 1887–1925 Dübs and Company North British Locomotive Company
PL6 2-6-2T 1915–1925 North British Locomotive Company
PL12 2-6-2T 1930 North British Locomotive Company
PL14 2-6-2T 1891–1896 North British Locomotive Company
PL20 2-6-2ST 1923–1927 North British Locomotive Company
QJ 2-10-2 1956-88 mostly Datong 4708 Became the primary freight locomotive in China from 1960s to 1980s
RM 4-6-2
SL5 4-6-2 1927 Shahekuo
SL6 4-6-2
SL7
Pashina
4-6-2 Kawasaki / Dalian Used on the Asia Express train during Japanese control of the South Manchurian Railway, designated "SL7" under Chinese ownership
SL14 4-6-2 1903 North British Locomotive Company
SL16 4-6-2 1930 North British Locomotive Company
TH3 4-6-0 1903–1930 North British Locomotive Company
TH9 4-6-0 1910 Hawthorne Leslie
TH13 4-6-0 1931 Kitson and Company
SY 2-8-2 Many remain on industrial lines and short lines
XK2 0-6-0T 1942–1944 Davenport Locomotive Works, H. K. Porter, Inc, Vulcan Iron Works 20 Imported USATC S100 Class
XK13 0-6-0T <=1958=> Fablok Chrzanow (Poland)
YJ 2-6-2
Sources:[2]

Diesel locomotives

Diesel-hydraulic transmission

Diesel hydraulic locomotives type descriptions are prefixed either by the roman initials DFH (Diesel fuel, hydraulic) or NY (neiran yeli chuandong 内燃液力传动 also meaning diesel-hydraulic).[3] From the initials of the acronym DFH is derived from their phonetic sound the Chinese name "Dongfang Hong" meaning "Red East", matching the anthem of Communist China: "The East is Red" at the time of their introduction, as well as the well known observation of Chairman Mao Zedong that 'the east is red'. Usually DFH is used for internally produced locomotives and NY for imported or prototype machines.

Chinese made

Model Build year Top speed (In maximum)
(km/h)
Power output
(kW)
Builder Total production Photo
prototype NY1 "Weixing"1959 1401060Sifang4
DFH11964–1973 120(140)1220(1060)Sifang102
prototype NY2 "Flying Dragon",
(Simplified Chinese:"飞龙")
19601001470
(Diesel engine output)
Dalian1
DFH2 1971 - 197562650Ziyang50
DFH31971–19891201440Sifang268
DFH4 19691603675Sifang1
1971–19741403309Qishuyan2
1975–1981?3309Ziyang3
DFH51976–198880790Ziyang
Sifang
480~
DFH5B (3000系)1985~80920Ziyang~20
DFH5C (4000系)1985~80920Ziyang6
DFH61981901470Ziyang1
DFH71988–199180790Ziyang15
DFH21
(narrow gauge)
1977–198450810Sifang104
Beijing 600119701004412
(Diesel engine output)
Beijing Feb. 7th1
Beijing1971–19901202206Beijing Feb. 7th361
Beijing
(coupling of double loco)
1986–19901202×2206Beijing Feb. 7th2×6

Imported

Model Build year Top speed (In maximum)
(km/h)
Power output
(kW)
Builder Total production Photo
NY51967passenger: 160
freight: 120
2940Henschel, West Germany4
NY6[4]19721083160Henschel, West Germany10
NY7[4]19721133680Henschel, West Germany20

Diesel-electric transmission

Chinese made

The Dongfeng (DF) series of diesel electric transmission locomotives is the most important in Chinese rail transport. The Dongfeng4 (DF4) is by far the most common locomotive to be seen on Chinese rails.

Model
(Former name)
Build year Transmission Top speed (In maximum)
(km/h)
Power output
(kW)
Builder
(Family)
Total production Photo
Jianshe
(Simplified Chinese:"建设")
1958DC - DC85441
(Diesel engine output)
Beijing Feb. 7th1
Xianxing
(Simplified Chinese:"先行")
1958–1959DC - DC1251471Qishuyan47
JuLong
巨龙 ('great dragon')
1958 Dalian 1
DF
东风 (DongFeng 'East Wind')
1964–1974DC - DC1001500Dalian
Qishuyan
Chengdu
Datong
706
DF2
(ND2)
1964–1974DC - DC95650Qishuyan148
DF31972–1974DC - DC1201050Dalian226
DF41969–1985AC - DC100(freight)
120(passenger)
1920Dalian843
DF4B1985 - AC - DC100(freight)
120(passenger)
1985Dalian
Ziyang
Datong
Sifang
≥4500
DF4C1985 - AC - DC1002165Dalian
Ziyang
Datong
Sifang
838
DF4CK1999AC - DC1602165Ziyang2
DF4D(K)
(speedup version)
1996-1999AC - DC1452425Dalian580
DF4D(H)
(freight version)
1998-?AC - DC1002425Dalian206
DF4D(Z)
(sub-highspeed version)
1999-2007AC - DC1702425Dalian333
DF4D(7000 Series)
(Radial bogie freight type)
2000-2003AC - DC1002425Dalian
21
DF4DJ
(DF4DAC)
2000AC - DC - AC1452510Dalian
Siemens, Germany
2
DF4DF1999–2004AC - DC1202425Dalian31
DF4DD
(shunting version)
1999–2004AC - DC803180Dalian230
DF4E1995–1997AC - DC1004860
(2×2430)
Sifang16
DF51976 - ?AC - DC801213Tangshan
Sifang
1014
DF5G2001 — 2006AC - DC1001213Sifang132
DF5B?AC - DC1001500Dalian36
DF5BG?AC - DC1001500Dalian?
DF5C1994–1998年
1998 -
AC - DC1001320
2000
(Diesel engine output)
Sifang?
DF5D1999 - ?AC - DC801200Dalian180
DF61989AC - DC1182425Dalian4
DF71982–1990AC - DC1001470Beijing Feb. 7th295
DF7B1990 - ?AC - DC1001840Beijing Feb. 7th215
DF7C1991–2001AC - DC1001840/1470Beijing Feb. 7th289
DF7D1995–1998AC - DC1001500
(Diesel engine output)
Beijing Feb. 7th214
DF7E1998AC - DC1002000
(Diesel engine output)
Beijing Feb. 7th2
DF7F2000AC - DC1002650
(Diesel engine output)
Beijing Feb. 7th?
DF7G2003 - AC - DC1002200
(Diesel engine output)
Beijing Feb. 7th
Sifang
347
DF7J2004AC - DC - AC1002200
(Diesel engine output)
Beijing Feb. 7th1
DF81984–1990AC - DC1003310Qishuyan141
DF8B1997 - ?AC - DC1003100Qishuyan
Ziyang
1013
DF8BJ "West Light"
(Simplified Chinese:"西部之光")
2002AC - DC - AC1204000Ziyang1
DF8CJ "Sunlight"
(Simplified Chinese:"霞光")
2002AC - DC - AC1203650Qishuyan3
DF8DJ
(DF8B 5672)
2003AC - DC - AC1203350Ziyang1
DF91991AC - DC1703040Qishuyan2
DF10?AC - DC1002×1600Dalian1
DF10C1995AC - DC1602×2130
(Diesel engine output)
Dalian1
DF10D?AC - DC1202×1600Dalian1
DF10DD2003 - AC - DC1002200
(Diesel engine output)
Dalian262
DF10F1996–1998AC - DC1602×2200
(Diesel engine output)
Dalian6
DF111992–2005AC - DC1703040Qishuyan460
DF11G2003-AC - DC1706080
(2×3040)
Qishuyan79
DF11Z2002AC - DC1606080
(2×3040)
Qishuyan4
DF121997–2001AC - DC1001990Ziyang?
DF21
(narrow gauge)
?AC - DC601500
(Diesel engine output)
Sifang11
NJ11999AC - DC - AC801320
(Diesel engine output)
Sifang3
HXN3
"Harmony"
2008 - AC - DC - AC1204700Dalian
EMD, USA
332
HXN3B
"Harmony"
2012 - AC - DC - AC1003500Dalian≥160
HXN3C
"Harmony"
2016 - AC - DC - AC160Dalian
HXN5
"Harmony"
2008 - AC - DC - AC1204660Qishuyan
GE, USA
700
HXN5B
"Harmony"
2012 - AC - DC - AC1003530Qishuyan≥160
HXN5C
"Harmony"
2016 - AC - DC - AC160Qishuyan
Sources[5][6]

Imported

Model Build year Transmission Top speed (In maximum)
(km/h)
Power output
(kW)
Builder
(Family)
Total production Photo
ND11958;1965DC - DC80440Hungary Ganz
(Hungarian State Railways Class M44)
26
ND21972–1987DC - DC1201280Electroputere, Romania Craiova
(CFR 060DA)
284
ND31985DC - DC1001540Electroputere, Romania Craiova88
ND41973–1975AC - DC1002150Alstom, France50
ND51984-1986AC - DC1182550GE, USA
(GE C36-7)
422
NJ22005–2006AC - DC - AC1203800GE, USA78

Electric locomotives

AC-DC transmission

Shaoshan (SS) (Chinese: 韶山) series

Model Build year Top speed (In maximum)
(km/h)
Power output
(kW)
Builder Total production Photo
SS1
(6Y1)
1958–1988903780Zhuzhou826
SS219691004620Zhuzhou1
SS31978–19931004320Zhuzhou
Ziyang
Datong
677
SS3(4000)1992–20061004320Zhuzhou
Ziyang
Datong
Taiyuan
733
SS3B
(coupling of double loco)
2003–2006?1002×4320Zhuzhou
Ziyang
Datong
333
SS3C20081002×4800Taiyuan1
SS41985–20031002×3200Zhuzhou158
SS4G1993–20071002×3200Zhuzhou
Ziyang
Dalian
Datong
1347
SS4B1995–20061002×3200Zhuzhou130
SS4C19971002×3200Zhuzhou2
SS519911403200Zhuzhou2
SS61990–19921004800Zhuzhou53
SS6B1992—?1004800Zhuzhou148
SS71992–20071004800Datong113
SS7B19971004800Datong2
SS7C1998–20061204800Datong171
SS7D1999–20021704800Datong59
SS7E2001–20061704800Datong
Dalian
146
SS81994–20011703600Zhuzhou245
SS91998–20021704800Zhuzhou43
SS9G2002–20061704800Zhuzhou171

Imported

Model Build year Top speed (In maximum)
(km/h)
Power output
(kW)
Builder
(Family)
Total production Photo
6Y21958–19611014740Alstom, France
SNCF Class CC 7100
25
6G119711205100Romania
CFR Class 40
2
6G19731125400Alstom, France40
6K1986–19871005100Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Japan
JNR Class EF66JNR Class ED75
85
8G1987–19901002×3200Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant, USSR
ВЛ80
100
8K19871002×320050 Hz-Group: Alsthom, Siemens, BBC and others150

AC-DC-AC transmission

Both post 2000 introductions of asynchronous AC motor driven locomotives and high speed trains based on technology transfer arrangements with other countries have been given the common name "Harmony" series. Ministry of Railways deputy chief engineer Zhang Shuguang explained that the name was to represent energy efficiency and good environmental credentials as well as indicating smooth running of complicated systems.[7] Vehicles of the 'Harmony' series have an "H" in their type descriptions.

Model Build year Top speed
(In maximum)
(km/h)
Power output
(kW)
Builder
(Family)
Total production Photo
AC400019961204000Zhuzhou1
DJ "Jiufang"
(Simplified Chinese:"九方")
20002004800Zhuzhou2
DJ12000–20011206400Zhuzhou
Siemens, Germany
20
DJ2 "Olympic Stars"
(Simplified Chinese:"奥星")
20012004800Zhuzhou3[8]
Tiansuo or "Sky Shuttle"
(Simplified Chinese:"天梭")
20032004800Datong1[9]
HXD1
(DJ4)
2006–2010 1209600 (2×4800)Zhuzhou
Siemens, Germany
220
HXD1.1[10]2012– 1209600 (2×4800)Zhuzhou≥440[11]
HXD1.6[10]2012- 1209600 (2×4800)Ziyang≥80[12]
HXD1.7[13]2013– 1209600 (2×4800) / 14400 (3×4800) Zhuzhou
Bombardier
8/2[14]
HXD1.7[13]2013– 1209600 (2x4800)Zhuzhou
Bombardier
190
HXD1B2009–20111209600Zhuzhou650
HXD1C2009 - 1207200Zhuzhou
Ziyang
1207
HXD1D2012 - 1607200Zhuzhou511
HXD1F20141009600 (2×4800)Zhuzhou2[15]
HXD1G2015 - 21011200Zhuzhou2
HXD2
(DJ4-6000)
2006–200812010000 (2×5000)Alstom, France
Datong
180
HXD2.1[16]2012-12010000 (2×5000)Datong
Bombardier
≥280
HXD2.6[16]2014-12010000 (2×5000)Dalian40[17]
HXD2.7[16]2012-12010000 (2×5000)Datong
Bombardier
50[18]
HXD2B2009–20111209600Alstom, France
Datong
500[19]
HXD2C2010–20111207200Datong≥220[20][21][22]
HXD2D2013 -1607200Datong1[23]
HXD2F20141009600 (2×4800)Datong2[24]
HXD2G2015 -20012800 (2×6400)Datong1
HXD3
(SSJ3, DJ3, SL1)
2003–20101207200Toshiba
Dalian
Datong
Beijing Feb. 7th
1080
HXD3A20141209600 (2×4800)Dalian
Bombardier
2[25]
HXD3B2009–20111209600Dalian
Bombardier
500

HXD3C2010 -1207200Dalian1300
HXD3D2012 -1607200Dalian521[26]
HXD3G2015 -21012800 (2×6400)Dalian1

References

  1. 1 2 Duncan Cotterill. "Railography : A Brief History of Standard Gauge Steam in China". www.railography.co.uk.
  2. Duncan Cotterill. "Railography : Chinese Steam Locomotive Profiles". www.railography.co.uk.
  3. Chinese diesel locomotives, sections "prefixes" , www.railwaysofchina.com
  4. 1 2 "CLASSES NY6 AND NY7 HENSCHEL DIESEL-HYDRAULICS OF 4,600 AND 5,600 HP FOR FREIGHT SERVICES IN PEOPLE'S REPBULIC OF CHINA - TRB Publications Index". pubsindex.trb.org. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  5. Robin J Gibbons. "Chinese diesel locomotives". www.railwaysofchina.com.
  6. 东风、东风2、东风3型内燃机车 [DF, DF2, and DF3 diesel locomotives]. www.kepu.net.cn (in Chinese). 铁道馆_中国科普博览, 中国科学院计算机网络信息中心.
  7. 第六次大提速货车技术提升 速度可达120多公里 , 2007 , www.china.com.cn
  8. "Image: 20080606021606312.jpg, (600 × 331 px)". csrgc.com.cn. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  9. "Image: 9982_tiansuo.gif, (551 × 339 px)". dtloco.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  10. 1 2 zh:和谐1型电力机车
  11. "Image: tn_cn-csr-zhuzhou-hxd1-updated_e8138d75bb.jpg, (362 × 269 px)". railwaygazette.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  12. "Image: 20130111_97a35de2e32db1c76de2p1lBovkSAwE7.jpg, (405 × 605 px)". n2.hk. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  13. 1 2 神华新型八轴大功率交流电力机车上线试运行. 国务院国资委. 2013-01-17 [2013-01-15].
  14. "Image: 5148da4ejw1dzrwd6epf2j.jpg, (707 × 287 px)". ww2.sinaimg.cn. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  15. "Image: a3913417jw1eixy3edo6rj20nq0hstbj.jpg, (440 × 329 px)". ww4.sinaimg.cn. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  16. 1 2 3 zh:和谐2型电力机车
  17. "Image: 161816dznbg519j1jjugju.jpg.thumb.jpg, (338 × 600 px)". file-rail-bbs.railcn.net. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  18. "Image: 635322054385165000.jpg, (1000 × 747 px)". chinacnr.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  19. "Image: 20118181313656542109_9.jpg, (3636 × 2028 px)". dt.chinacnr.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  20. zh:HXD2C型电力机车
  21. 大同7200千瓦电力机车项目. 江苏常牵庞巴迪牵引系统有限公司. [2012-09-15].
  22. 中国北车大连所公司HXD2C电力机车NECT牵引及网络控制系统通过技术评审. 中国北车大连所公司.2011-03-23 [2012-09-15].
  23. "Image: 1516199twfxkwwoukwy15z.jpg, (1024 × 684 px)". file-fans-bbs.railcn.net. 2013-09-14. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  24. "Image: 635533848823218750.jpg, (554 × 369 px)". en.chinacnr.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  25. "Image: 1732025nn5pyc10d5v5vi0.jpg, (861 × 646 px)". file-fans-bbs.railcn.net. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  26. zh:和谐3D型电力机车

External links

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