Beijing–Guangzhou Railway

Beijing–Guangzhou Railway
京广铁路
China Railways logo

The Jingguang Railway on the Snake Hill in Wuhan. In the far background, the railway crosses the Yangtze over the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge.
Overview
Type Heavy rail
System China Railways
Status Active
Termini Beijing
Guangzhou
Stations 53 active
Operation
Operator(s) China Railways
Technical
Line length 2,324 km (1,444 mi)
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 12 in) standard gauge
Operating speed 200 kilometres per hour (120 mph)
Route map
Legend
to Beijing–Shanhaiguan Railway

to Fengtai–Shacheng Railway
Yongding River
Changxindian
to Beijing–Yuanping Railway
Liangxiang
Doudian
Liulihe
to Zhoukoudian–Liulihe Railway
entering Hebei
64 km Zhuozhou
84 km Gaobeidian
to Gaobeidian–Yi County Railway
122 km Xushui County
146 km Baoding
to Baoding–Mancheng County Railway
Shunping County
179 km Wangdu County
206 km Dingzhou
to Shuozhou–Huanghua Railway
Zhaixidian
239 km Xinle
Zhengding County
Liuxinzhuang

to Shijiazhuang–Dezhou Railway
277 km Shijiazhuang
to Shijiazhuang–Taiyuan Railway
309 km Yuanshi County
328 km Gaoyi County
390 km Xingtai
414 km Shahe
to Shahe–Wuji Railway
442 km Handan
to Handan–Changzhi Railway
to Handan–Jinan Railway
Matou
to Matou–Cishan Railway
473 km Ci County
entering Henan
to Anyang–Lizhen Railway
502 km Anyang
524 km Tangyin County
to Tangyin–Heshan Railway
543 km Hebi
561 km Qi County
584 km Weihui
609 km Xinxiang
to Xinxiang–Jiaozuo Railway
to Xinxiang–Shijiugang Railway
Wuzhi County
Yellow River
to Longhai Railway
689 km Zhengzhou
to Longhai Railway
Xinzheng
to Qi County Railway
753 km Changge
to Xutai Railway
775 km Xuchang
801 km Linying County
to Mengmiao–Baofeng Railway
829 km Luohe
851 km Xiping County
877 km Suiping County
895 km Zhumadian
915 km Queshan County
952 km Minggang
to Nanjing–Xi'an Railway
991 km Xinyang
to Nanjing–Xi'an Railway
entering Hubei
1,056 km Guangshui
to Hankou–Danjiang Railway
1,101 km Huayuan
1,135 km Xiaogan
to Hengdian–Macheng Railway
1,205 km Hankou
to Hankou–Danjiang Railway
Yangtze River
to Wuhan–Jiujiang Railway
1,225 km Wuchang District
Wuchang South
to Wuhan–Jiujiang Railway
1,305 km Xianning
1,343 km Chibi
entering Hunan
1,398 km Linxiang
1,410 km Lukou
Yunxi
Yueyang North
1,440 km Yueyang
Rongjiawan
Miluo River
1,509 km Miluo
1,587 km Changsha
Yijiawan
to Hunan–Guizhou Railway
1,639 km Zhuzhou
to Zhejiang–Jiangxi Railway
G4 Beijing–Hong Kong–Macau Expressway
1,722 km Mount Heng
1,773 km Hengyang
to Hunan–Guangxi Railway
Linghu
1,836 km Leiyang
to Zixing–Xujiadong Railway
1,920 km Chenzhou
1,986 km Pingshi
to Pingshi–Muchongcun Railway
entering Guangdong
2,023 km Lechang
Lishi
2,073 km Shaoguan East
Maba
G4 Beijing–Hong Kong–Macau Expressway
2,156 km Yingde
Feilaixia
Yuantan
2,267 km Guangzhou North
to Guangdong–Kowloon Railway
Guangzhou West
to Pearl River Bridge Railway

The Beijing–Guangzhou Railway or Jingguang Railway (simplified Chinese: 京广铁路; traditional Chinese: 京廣鐵路; pinyin: Jīngguǎng tiělù) is a major arterial railway that connects Beijing in the north with Guangzhou in the south. This dual-track electrified line has a total length of 2,324 kilometres (1,444 mi) and spans five provinces through north, central and south China. The line passes through the provincial capitals of each of those provinces, namely: Shijiazhuang (Hebei), Zhengzhou (Henan), Wuhan (Hubei), Changsha (Hunan) and Guangzhou (Guangdong). The line's two terminal stations are the Beijing West Railway Station and the Guangzhou Railway Station.

History

Dazhimen Station in Hankou, the original southern terminal of the Jinghan Railway

The Jingguang Railway was originally two railways: the Beijing–Hankou Railway in the north from Beijing to Hankou, and the Guangdong–Hankou Railway in the south from Wuchang to Guangzhou. Hankou and Wuchang are both parts of the city of Wuhan, separated by the Yangtze River. The Jinghan Railway, 1,215 km in length, was built from 1897 to 1906.[1] Work on the Yuehan Railway began in 1900 and progressed more slowly.[1] The Guangzhou-Sanshui section was built in 1903. The Changsha-Zhuzhou section was completed in 1911, followed by the Guangzhou-Shaoguan section in 1916 and the Wuchang-Changsha section in 1918.[1] Work on the last section between Zhuzhou and Shaoguan began in 1929 and was finally completed in 1936.[1] During the period from 1927-1949 when Beijing was renamed Beiping the railway was officially renamed the Beiping-Hankou Railway (Pinghan Tielu 平汉铁路).

In 1957, with the completion of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, the two railways were joined into one line and renamed the Beijing–Guangzhou Railway, or Jingguang Railway.[1]

On 7 February 1923, workers of the Beijing-Wuhan Railway Workers' association launched a massive strike demanding better workers' rights and protesting oppression by warlords. The strike organized by Shi Yang and Lin Xiangqian was an early example of worker mobilization by the Communist Party of China.[2]

Locations served

A train from Beijing to Guangzhou entering the Huaishuling Tunnel in Fengtai District, Beijing.

From north to south:

Service

The Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, built in 1957, connected the Beijing-Hankou Railway and Guangzhou-Wuchang Railways to form the Jingguang Railway.

Currently, the nonstop Beijing-Kowloon "Jingjiu" Through Train operates on this line. Prior to 2003, this train called at stops along the route before they were eliminated to create a through service directly from the capital to Hong Kong.

Parallel lines

The Beijing–Kowloon Railway, completed in 1996, is another "conventional" railway connecting Beijing with the Pearl River Delta. It runs mostly within 100–300 km to the east of the Beijing–Guangzhou Railway.

The Beijing–Guangzhou High-Speed Railway runs through the same major cities as the "original" Beijing–Guangzhou Railway, on a slightly different route (avoiding built-up areas, and having a greater curve radius, for higher speeds and somewhat shorter overall length). In most cities along the line, the high-speed trains will stop at different, purpose-built stations, rather than the older stations served by the "original" Beijing–Guangzhou Railway.[3] The Wuhan to Guangzhou section of the high-speed railway opened in 2009, and the Beijing to Wuhan section opened in 2012.

As consecutive sections of the Beijing–Guangzhou High-Speed Railway become operational, the railway authorities shift a large portion of passenger traffic from the original Beijing–Guangzhou Railway to the new high-speed line. This allows an increase in the amount of freight volume transported over the original Beijing–Guangzhou Railway. For example, according to preliminary estimates, after the entire Beijing–Guangzhou High-Speed Railway opens, the annual freight capacity of the northern half of the Beijing–Guangzhou Railway (between its two main freight stations, Beijing's Fengtai West Station and Wuhan North Railway Station) would increase by 20 million tons.[4]

Accidents

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Beijing–Guangzhou Railway.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 (Chinese) "京广铁路" Tieliu 2007-01-08
  2. "Anniversaries of important events -- Feb. 7 Great Strike"
  3. Hung, Wing-tat; Brunello, Lara; Bunker, Jonathan, Critical Issues of High Speed Rail Development in China (PDF), p. 4
  4. 京广高铁座位分四档 武汉赴京最低约500多元 (Seats on Beijing–Guangzhou High-Speed Railway will come in four classes; lowest Wuhan to Beijing fare around 500 yuan), 2012-12-15 (Chinese)
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