PLCG1

Phospholipase C, gamma 1
PDB rendering based on 1hsq.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1HSQ​, 2HSP​, 4EY0​, 4FBN​
Identifiers
Symbols	PLCG1 ; NCKAP3; PLC-II; PLC1; PLC148; PLCgamma1
External IDs	OMIM: 172420 MGI: 97615 HomoloGene: 1997 ChEMBL: 3964 GeneCards: PLCG1 Gene
EC number	3.1.4.11
Gene ontology Molecular function • phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity • phospholipase C activity • receptor signaling protein activity • neurotrophin TRKA receptor binding • calcium ion binding • protein binding • protein kinase binding • receptor tyrosine kinase binding • glutamate receptor binding Cellular component • ruffle • cytoplasm • cytosol • plasma membrane • cell-cell junction • COP9 signalosome • lamellipodium • cell projection Biological process • activation of MAPKK activity • in utero embryonic development • signal transduction • epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway • activation of phospholipase C activity • axon guidance • blood coagulation • fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway • phospholipid catabolic process • positive regulation of epithelial cell migration • viral process • cell migration • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway • calcium-mediated signaling • Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway • Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis • positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration • inositol phosphate metabolic process • small molecule metabolic process • innate immune response • positive regulation of angiogenesis • vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway • neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway • T cell receptor signaling pathway • leukocyte migration • positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol • cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5335	18803
Ensembl	ENSG00000124181	ENSMUSG00000016933
UniProt	P19174	Q62077
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_002660	NM_021280
RefSeq (protein)	NP_002651	NP_067255
Location (UCSC)	Chr 20: 41.14 – 41.2 Mb	Chr 2: 160.73 – 160.78 Mb
PubMed search

Phospholipase C, gamma 1, also known as PLCG1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PLCG1 gene.^[1][2]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. This reaction uses calcium as a cofactor and plays an important role in the intracellular transduction of receptor-mediated tyrosine kinase activators. For example, when activated by SRC, the encoded protein causes the Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor RASGRP1 to translocate to the Golgi apparatus, where it activates Ras. Also, this protein has been shown to be a major substrate for heparin-binding growth factor 1 (acidic fibroblast growth factor)-activated tyrosine kinase. The receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPmu (PTPRM) is capable of dephosphorylating PLCG1.^[3] Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.^[4]

Has been shown to interact with CISH which negatively regulates it by targeting it for degradation.^[5] The deletion of Cish in effector T cells has been shown to augment TCR signaling and subsequent effector cytokine release, proliferation and survival. The adoptive transfer of tumor-specific effector T cells knocked out or knocked down for CISH resulted in a significant increase in functional avidity and long-term tumor immunity. There are no changes in activity or phosphorylation of Cish's purported target, STAT5 in either the presence or absence of Cish.

Clinical significance

Researchers studying PLCg1 and its role in breast cancer metastasis discovered this gene can promote cancer metastasis and subsequently blocking it stopped cancer from spreading. Research is ongoing but this gene could lead to the development of new anti-cancer drugs.^[6][7]

Interactions

PLCG1 has been shown to interact with:

• BAG3,^[8]
• CD117,^[9][10]
• CD31,^[11]
• Cbl gene^[12][13]
• CISH^[14]
• Epidermal growth factor receptor,^[12][15]
• Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1,^[16]
• FLT1,^[17]
• GAB1,^[18][19]
• GIT1,^[20]
• Grb2,^[21][22][23]
• HER2/neu,^[24][25]
• IRS2,^[26]
• ITK,^[27][28]
• KHDRBS1,^[29][30][31]
• Linker of activated T cells,^[32][33][34]
• Lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2,^[35]
• PDGFRA,^[36]
• PLD2,^[37]
• RHOA,^[38]
• SOS1,^[23][39]
• TUB,^[40]
• TrkA,^{[41][42][43][44]}
• TrkB,^[43][45]
• VAV1,^[46] and
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein.^[47][48]

See also

• Phospholipase C

References

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