United States Senate elections, 1824 and 1825

Dates vary by state

16 of the 48 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections) 25 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Party	Jacksonian	Anti-Jacksonian
Seats before	[new party]	[new party]
Seats won	26 (55.3%)	21 (44.7%)
Seat change	26	21
Seats up	0	0

	Third party	Fourth party

Party	Democratic-Republican	Federalist
Last election	44 seats (93.6%)	3 seats (6.4%)
Seats before	43 (89.6%)	5 (10.4%)
Seats won	[defunct party]	[defunct party]
Seat change	43	5
Seats up	15	1

Majority party before election

Democratic-Republican

Elected Majority party

Jacksonian

The United States Senate election of 1824 and 1825 were elections for the United States Senate that saw the Jacksonians gain a majority over the Anti-Jacksonian National Republican Party.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by state legislatures.

Result summary

19th Congress (1825–1827)

Majority Party: Jacksonian (26)
Minority Party: Anti-Jacksonian (22)
Total seats: 48

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

						DRa₁	DRa₂	DRa₃	DRa₄
DRc₃	DRc₂	DRc₁	DRa₁₁	DRa₁₀	DRa₉	DRa₈	DRa₇	DRa₆	DRa₅
DRc₄	DRc₅	DRc₆	DRc₇	DRc₈	DRc₉	DRc₁₀	DRc₁₁	DRc₁₂	DRc₁₃
									DRc₁₃
DRj₃	DRj₂	DRj₁	DRc₂₀	DRc₁₉	DRc₁₈	DRc₁₇	DRc₁₆	DRc₁₅	DRc₁₄
DRj₄	DRj₅	DRj₆	DRj₇	DRj₈	DRj₉	DRj₁₀	DRj₁₁	DRj₁₂	Fa₅
						Fa₁	Fa₂	Fa₃	Fa₄

Election results

						AJ₁	AJ₂	AJ₃	AJ₄
DRc₃	DRc₂	DRc₁	DRa₁₁	DRa₁₀	DRa₉	AJ₈	AJ₇	AJ₆	AJ₅
DRc₄	DRc₅	DRc₆	DRc₇	DRc₈	DRc₉	J₁	J₂	J₃	V₁

DRj₃	DRj₂	DRj₁	DRc₂₀	DRc₁₉	DRc₁₈	DRc₁₇	DRc₁₆	AJ₁₀	AJ₉
DRj₄	DRj₅	DRj₆	DRj₇	DRj₈	DRj₉	DRj₁₀	DRj₁₁	J₄	V₂
						Fa₁	Fa₂	Fa₃	Fa₄

Beginning of the next Congress

						AJ₁	AJ₂	AJ₃	AJ₄
AJ₁₄	AJ₁₃	AJ₁₂	AJ₁₁	AJ₁₀	AJ₉	AJ₈	AJ₇	AJ₆	AJ₅
AJ₁₅	AJ₁₆	AJ₁₇	AJ₁₈	AJ₁₉	AJ₂₀	AJ₂₁*	V₁*	J₂₆*	J₂₅
Majority →									J₂₄
J₁₅	J₁₆	J₁₇	J₁₈	J₁₉	J₂₀	J₂₁	J₂₂	J₂₃
J₁₄	J₁₃	J₁₂	J₁₁	J₁₀	J₉	J₈	J₇	J₆	J₅
						J₁	J₂	J₃	J₄

Notes:

V₁ (New York seat): The Federalist (Adams-Clay faction) senator retired but the legislature failed to elected until late in 1826. Although labelled here as "Vacant," the seat was eventually filled by an Anti-Jacksonian.
AJ₂₁ (Connecticut seat): The Senate rejected the re-election of the incumbent Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction) senator. The seat was then filled by an Anti-Jacksonian late on May 4, 1825.
J₂₆ (New Hampshire seat): The Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction) senator retired and was replaced by a Jacksonian who took his seat late on March 16, 1825.

Key:

AJ_#	Anti-Jacksonian
DRx_#	Democratic-Republican (All factions)
DRa_#	Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction)
DRc_#	Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction)
DRj_#	Democratic-Republican (Jackson faction)
Fa_#	Federalist (Adams-Clay faction)
J_#	Jacksonian
V_#	Vacant

Race summaries

Bold states link to specific election articles.

Special elections during the 18th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1824 or before March 4, 1825; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Delaware (Class 1)	Vacant			Caesar A. Rodney (DR) had resigned January 29, 1823 in the previous Congress. Winner elected January 8, 1824. Federalist gain.	√ Thomas Clayton (Federalist (Adams-Clay faction), later Anti-Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Louisiana (Class 2)	Henry Johnson	Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction)	1818 (Appointed) 1823 (Special)	Incumbent resigned May 27, 1824 to become Governor of Louisiana. Winner elected November 19, 1824. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Charles Dominique Joseph Bouligny (Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction), later Anti-Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Illinois (Class 3)	Ninian Edwards	Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction)	1818 (Elected) 1819 (Re-elected)	Incumbent resigned March 3, 1824. Winner elected November 24, 1824, but not to next term. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ John McLean (Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction)) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia (Class 2)	Nicholas Ware	Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction)	1821 (Special) 1823 (Re-elected)	Incumbent died September 7, 1824. Winner elected December 6, 1824. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Thomas W. Cobb (Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction), later Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Virginia (Class 2)	John Taylor	Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction)	1792 (Special) 1793 (Re-elected)	Died August 21, 1824. Winner elected December 7, 1824. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Littleton Tazewell (Democratic-Republican (Jackson faction), later Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Races leading to the 19th Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1825 (except where noted due to late election); ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Alabama	William Kelly	Democratic-Republican (Jackson faction)	1822 (Special)	[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Winner elected in 1824 or 1825. Jacksonian gain.	√ Henry H. Chambers (Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Connecticut	James Lanman	Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction)	1819 (Elected)	Re-elected, but disqualified. Vacant.	√ James Lanman ([Data unknown/missing. You can help!]) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia	John Elliott	Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction)	1819 (Elected)	[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Jacksonian gain.	√ John M. Berrien (Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Illinois	Ninian Edwards	Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction)	1818 (Elected) 1819 (Re-elected)	Winner elected to next term. Jacksonian gain.	√ Elias Kane (Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Indiana	Waller Taylor	Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction)	1816 (Elected) 1818 (Re-elected)	[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Anti-Jacksonian gain.	√ William Hendricks (Anti-Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Kentucky	Isham Talbot	Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction)	1815 (Special) 1819 ([Data unknown/missing. You can help!]) 1820 (Special)	[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Jacksonian gain.	√ John Rowan (Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Louisiana	Josiah S. Johnston	Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction)	1824 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected to a full term. Anti-Jacksonian gain.	√ Josiah S. Johnston (Anti-Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland	Edward Lloyd	Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction)	1819 (Elected)	Re-elected as a Jacksonian. Jacksonian gain.	√ Edward Lloyd (Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Missouri	David Barton	Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction)	1821 (Elected)	Re-elected as an Anti-Jacksonian. Anti-Jacksonian gain.	√ David Barton (Anti-Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Hampshire	John F. Parrott	Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction)	1819 (Elected)	[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Winner took office late, on March 16, 1825. Jacksonian gain.	√ William Henry Harrison (Anti-Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New York	Rufus King	Federalist (Adams-Clay faction)	1789 (Elected) 1795 (Re-elected) 1796 (Resigned) 1813 (Elected) 1819/1820 (Re-elected)	Retired. Vacant due to a deadlock in the New York State Legislature. Vacant.	17 candidates
North Carolina	Nathaniel Macon	Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction)	1815 (Special) 1819 (Re-elected)	Re-elected as a Jacksonian. Jacksonian gain.	√ Nathaniel Macon (Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Ohio	Ethan Allen Brown	Democratic-Republican. (Adams-Clay faction)	1822 (Special)	Lost re-election. Anti-Jacksonian gain.	√ William Henry Harrison (Anti-Jacksonian) Ethan Allen Brown (Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction)) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Pennsylvania	Walter Lowrie	Democratic-Republican. (Crawford faction)	1819 (Elected)	Retired. Anti-Jacksonian gain.	√ William Marks (Anti-Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
South Carolina	John Gaillard	Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction)	1804 (Special) 1806 (Re-elected) 1812 (Re-elected) 1818 (Re-elected)	Re-elected as a Jacksonian. Jacksonian gain.	√ John Gaillard (Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Vermont	William A. Palmer	Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction)	1818 (Special) 1818 (General)	Retired. Anti-Jacksonian gain.	√ Dudley Chase (Anti-Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Special elections during the 19th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated in 1825 after March 4; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Connecticut (Class 3)	Vacant	Vacant due to credentials challenge. Winner elected May 4, 1825. Anti-Jacksonian gain.	√ Calvin Willey (Anti-Jacksonian) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

References

Party Division in the Senate, 1889-Present, via Senate.gov