United States Senate elections, 1828 and 1829

United States Senate elections, 1828 and 1829
United States
Dates vary by state

16 of the 48 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections)
25 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Jacksonian Anti-Jacksonian
Last election 27 seats (57.4%) 19 (42.6%)
(as "Adams")
Seats before 26 (55.3%) 21 (44.7%)
(as "Adams")
Seats won 26 (54.2%) 22 (45.8%)
Seat change Steady Increase 1
Seats up 10 5

Majority party before election

Jacksonian

Elected Majority party

Jacksonian

In the United States Senate elections of 1828 and 1829, the Jacksonian coalition, despite its leader's victory in the presidential election, lost a seat in the Senate to the opposing Anti-Jacksonian coalition.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by State legislatures.

Results

21st Congress (1829–1831)

Change in Senate composition

Senate composition before the elections

After the August 26, 1828 resignation of a Jacksonian senator.

A1 A2 A3 A4
A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5
A15 A16 A17 A18 A19 A20 A21 V1 J26 J25
Majority → J24
J15 J16 J17 J18 J19 J20 J21 J22 J23
J14 J13 J12 J11 J10 J9 J8 J7 J6 J5
J1 J2 J3 J4

Senate composition as a result of the elections

AJ1 AJ2 AJ3 AJ4
AJ14 AJ13 AJ12 AJ11 AJ10 AJ9 AJ8 AJ7 AJ6 AJ5
AJ15 AJ16 AJ17
Re-elected / diff. party
AJ18
Re-elected / diff. party
AJ19
Re-elected / diff. party
AJ20
Gain
AJ21
Gain
AJ22
Gain
J26
Gain
J25
Gain
Majority → J24
Hold
J15 J16 J17
Re-elected
J18
Re-elected
J19
Re-elected
J20
Re-elected
J21
Re-elected
J22
Hold
J23
Hold
J14 J13 J12 J11 J10 J9 J8 J7 J6 J5
J1 J2 J3 J4
Key:
A# = Adams
AJ# = Anti-Jacksonian
J# = Jacksonian
V# = Vacant

Race summaries

Bold states link to specific election articles.

Special elections during the 20th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1828 or before March 4, 1829; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Georgia
(Class 2)
Thomas W. Cobb Jacksonian 1824 (Special) Incumbent resigned before November 7, 1828.
Winner elected November 7, 1828.
Jacksonian hold.
Oliver H. Prince (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Ohio
(Class 3)
William Henry Harrison Adams 1824 (Elected) Incumbent resigned May 20, 1828 to become U.S. Minister Plenipotentiary to Gran Columbia.
Winner elected December 10, 1828.
Adams hold.
Jacob Burnet (Adams)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
North Carolina
(Class 3)
Nathaniel Macon Jacksonian 1815 (Special)
1819 (Re-elected)
1825 (Re-elected)
Incumbent resigned November 14, 1828.
Winner elected December 15, 1828.
Jacksonian hold.
James Iredell, Jr. (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maine
(Class 1)
Albion K. Parris Jacksonian 1827 (Elected) Incumbent resigned August 26, 1828 when appointed to the Maine Supreme Judicial Court.
Winner elected January 15, 1829.
Adams gain.
John Holmes (Adams)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New York
(Class 1)
Martin Van Buren Jacksonian 1821 (Elected)
1827 (Re-elected)
Incumbent resigned December 20, 1828 to become Governor of New York.
Winner elected January 15, 1829.
Jacksonian hold.
Charles E. Dudley (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Jersey
(Class 1)
Ephraim Bateman Adams 1826 (Special)
1826 (Re-elected)
Incumbent resigned January 12, 1829 due to failing health.
Winner elected January 30, 1829.
Jacksonian gain.
Mahlon Dickerson (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Races leading to the 21st Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1829; ordered by state.

Note: Senators who called themselves "Adams," "Adams Men," or "National Republicans" returned to being called "Anti-Jacksonian." In this table, this change of name is not considered a change in party.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Alabama William R. King Jacksonian 1819 (Elected)
1822 (Re-elected)
Incumbent re-elected in 1828. William R. King (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Delaware Henry M. Ridgely Jacksonian 1827 (Special) Incumbent retired.
Winner elected in 1829.
Anti-Jacksonian gain.
John M. Clayton (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia Oliver H. Prince Jacksonian 1828 (Special) Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.
Winner elected in 1828 or 1829.
Jacksonian hold.
George Troup (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Illinois Jesse B. Thomas Adams 1818 (Elected)
1823 (Re-elected)
Incumbent retired.
Winner elected in 1828 or 1829.
Jacksonian gain.
John McLean (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Kentucky Richard M. Johnson Jacksonian 1819 (Special)
1823 (Re-elected)
Incumbent lost re-election.
Winner elected in 1829.
Jacksonian hold.
George M. Bibb (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Louisiana Charles D.J. Bouligny Adams 1824 (Special) Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.
Winner elected in 1828 or 1829.
Jacksonian gain.
Edward Livingston (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maine John Chandler Jacksonian 1820 (Elected)
1823 (Re-elected)
Incumbent retired.
Winner elected in 1828 or 1829.
Anti-Jacksonian gain.
Peleg Sprague (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Massachusetts Nathaniel Silsbee Adams 1826 (Special) Incumbent re-elected as an Anti-Jacksonian in 1829. Nathaniel Silsbee (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Mississippi Thomas Hill Williams Jacksonian 1817 (Elected).
1823 (Re-elected)
Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.
Winner elected in 1828.
Jacksonian hold.
Thomas Buck Reed (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Hampshire Samuel Bell Adams 1823 (Elected) Incumbent re-elected as an Anti-Jacksonian in 1828 or 1829. Samuel Bell (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Jersey Vacant Incumbent Jacksonian had resigned January 30, 1829 to be elected to the class 1 seat.
Winner elected in 1828.
Anti-Jacksonian gain.
Theodore Frelinghuysen (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
North Carolina John Branch Jacksonian 1822 (Elected) Incumbent re-elected in 1829. John Branch (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Rhode Island Nehemiah R. Knight Adams 1821 (Special)
1823 (Re-elected)
Incumbent re-elected as an Anti-Jacksonian in 1829. Nehemiah R. Knight (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
South Carolina Robert Y. Hayne Jacksonian 1822 (Elected) Incumbent re-elected in 1828. Robert Y. Hayne (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Tennessee Hugh Lawson White Jacksonian 1825 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1829. Hugh Lawson White (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Virginia Littleton Tazewell Jacksonian 1824 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1829. Littleton Tazewell (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Special elections during the 21st Congress

In these special elections, the winners were elected in 1829 after March 4; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Tennessee
(Class 1)
John Eaton Jacksonian 1818 (Appointed)
? (Special)
1821 (Re-elected)
Incumbent resigned March 9, 1829 to become U.S. Secretary of War.
Winner elected October 19, 1829.
Jacksonian hold.
Felix Grundy (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia
(Class 3)
John M. Berrien Jacksonian 1825 (Elected) Incumbent resigned March 9, 1829 to become U.S. Attorney General.
Winner elected November 9, 1829.
Jacksonian hold.
John Forsyth (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
North Carolina
(Class 2)
John Branch Jacksonian 1822 (Elected)
1828 (Re-elected)
Incumbent resigned March 9, 1829 to become U.S. Secretary of the Navy.
Winner elected December 9, 1829.
Jacksonian hold.
Bedford Brown (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

See also

References

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