Glycoside hydrolase family 56

Hyaluronidase

crystal structure of bee venom hyaluronidase in complex with hyaluronic acid tetramer
Identifiers
Symbol Glyco_hydro_56
Pfam PF01630
Pfam clan CL0058
InterPro IPR018155
SCOP 1fcv
SUPERFAMILY 1fcv
OPM superfamily 125
OPM protein 1fcq
CAZy GH56

In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 56 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.

Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families.[1][2][3] This classification is available on the CAZy(http://www.cazy.org/GH1.html) web site,[4] and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.[5]

Glycoside hydrolase family 56 CAZY GH_56 includes enzymes with hyaluronidase EC 3.2.1.35 activity. The venom of Apis mellifera (Honeybee) contains several biologically-active peptides and two enzymes, one of which is a hyaluronidase.[6] The amino acid sequence of bee venom hyaluronidase contains 349 amino acids, and includes four cysteines and a number of potential glycosylation sites.[6] The sequence shows a high degree of similarity to PH-20, a membrane protein of mammalian sperm involved in sperm-egg adhesion, supporting the view that hyaluronidases play a role in fertilisation.[6]

PH-20 is required for sperm adhesion to the egg zona pellucida; it is located on both the sperm plasma membrane and acrosomal membrane.[7] The amino acid sequence of the mature protein contains 468 amino acids, and includes six potential N-linked glycosylation sites and twelve cysteines, eight of which are tightly clustered near the C-terminus.[7]

References

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR018155

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