List of Latino and Hispanic Nobel laureates

The Nobel Prize is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. An associated prize in Economics has been awarded since 1969.^[1] Nobel Prizes have been awarded to over 800 individuals.^[2]

Latinos and Hispanics have been the recipients in five of six award categories: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. The first Hispanic recipient, José Echegaray, was awarded the Peace Prize in 1905 and first Latino receive the prize was Carlos Saavedra Lamas in 1936. The most recent recipient Mario Vargas Llosa was awarded the Literature prize in 2010.

One Latino laureate — Óscar Arias Sánchez — was president of his country when he was awarded the prize. As of 2015, 25 Nobel Prize winners have been Latinos and Hispanics.

Laureates

Year	Image	Laureate	Country	Category	Comment
1904		José Echegaray	Spain	Literature[3]	First Hispanic Spanish to win a Nobel Prize in Literature
1906		Santiago Ramón y Cajal	Spain	Physiology or Medicine[4]	First Hispanic Spanish to win a Nobel Prize in Science
1922		Jacinto Benavente	Spain	Literature
1936		Carlos Saavedra Lamas	Argentina	Peace	First Latino to win a Nobel Prize in Peace
1945		Gabriela Mistral	Chile	Literature	First Latino women to win a Nobel Prize in Literature
1949		Bernardo Houssay	Argentina	Physiology or Medicine[5]
1956		Juan Ramón Jiménez	Spain	Literature
1959		Severo Ochoa	Spain	Physiology or Medicine	First Hispanic to win a Nobel Prize in Science
1960		Peter Medawar	UK	Physiology or Medicine	Peter was also a Brazilian citizen, but renounced his citizenship by refusing military conscription[6][7]
1967		Miguel Ángel Asturias	Guatemala	Literature	First Latino to win a Nobel Prize in Literature
1968		Luis Walter Alvarez	United States	Physics	First Hispanic to win a Nobel Prize in Physics[8]
1970		Luis F. Leloir	Argentina	Chemistry[9]
1971		Pablo Neruda	Chile	Literature
1977		Vicente Aleixandre	Spain	Literature
1980		Adolfo Pérez Esquivel	Argentina	Peace[10]
1980		Baruj Benacerraf	Venezuela/ United States[11]	Physiology or Medicine[11]
1982		Gabriel García Márquez	Colombia	Literature
1982		Alfonso García Robles	Mexico	Peace
1984		César Milstein	Argentina	Physiology or Medicine[12]
1987		Óscar Arias Sánchez	Costa Rica	Peace
1989		Camilo José Cela	Spain	Literature
1990		Octavio Paz	Mexico	Literature
1992		Rigoberta Menchú	Guatemala	Peace
1995		Mario J. Molina	Mexico	Chemistry.
2010		Mario Vargas Llosa	Peru	Literature

References

1. "Nobel Prize" (2007), in Encyclopædia Britannica, accessed 14 November 2007, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online:

   An additional award, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden and was first awarded in 1969

2. "All Nobel Laureates". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2010-03-01.
3. "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1904:Frédéric Mistral, José Echegaray". Elsevier Publishing Company. Retrieved 7 February 2013.
4. Sherrington, C. S. (1935). "Santiago Ramon y Cajal. 1852-1934". Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society 1 (4): 424. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1935.0007.
5. Young, F.; Foglia, V. G. (1974). "Bernardo Alberto Houssay 1887–1971". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 20: 246. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1974.0011.
6. "Brazilian Nobel". www.brazzil.com. Retrieved 13 July 2014.
7. "Diploma revalidation in Brazil: abandon all hope ye who need it". Leonardo M Alves's Blog. 31 January 2013. Retrieved 13 July 2014.
8. Fernandez, R. M. (September 2011). "A Finding Aid to the Mabel Alvarez Papers, 1898–1987, in the Archives of American Art". Archives of American Art. Retrieved June 15, 2011.
9. "Biography of Luis Leloir". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
10. "Adofo Pérez Esquivel". Nobel Prize Committee.
11. http://www.eluniversal.com/2011/08/02/muere-el-premio-nobel-de-medicina-baruj-benacerraf.shtml
12. http://www.ulp.edu.ar/comunicacion/libros_ulp/milstein/files/search/searchtext.xml