List of political entities in the 19th century

This is a list of political entities that existed between 1801 and 1900. It includes both sovereign states and any political predecessors of current sovereign states.

Political entities

Name	Capital(s)	State type	Existed	Location
Portuguese Angola	Luanda	Colony, Portuguese	1575–1975	Africa: Central
Kingdom of Kongo	São Salvador	Kingdom/client	1390–1914	Africa: Central
Anziku Kingdom		Kingdom	17th century–1875	Africa: Central
Kingdom of Baguirmi		Kingdom	1522–1897	Africa: Central
Kamerun			1884–1916	Africa: Central
French Chad		Colony, French	1900–1960	Africa: Central
Congo Free State			1885–1908	Africa: Central
Kuba Kingdom		Kingdom	c.1600–19th century	Africa: Central
French Congo		Colony, French	1882–1910	Africa: Central
Kingdom of Orungu		Kingdom	c.1700–1927	Africa: Central
Kasanje Kingdom		Kingdom	1620–1910	Africa: Central
Kazembe chiefdom		Chiefdom	1740–1904	Africa: Central
Kingdom of Loango		Kingdom	c.1550–c.1883	Africa: Central
Kingdom of Luba		Kingdom	1585–1889	Africa: Central
Kingdom of Lunda		Kingdom	c.1665–1887	Africa: Central
Ouaddai Empire		Empire	1635–1909	Africa: Central
Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe		Colony, Portuguese	1470–1975	Africa: Central
Wadai Empire		Empire	1635–1909	Africa: Central
Yeke Kingdom		Kingdom	1856–1891	Africa: Central
Sultans of the Comoros		Sultanate	15th century–c.1912	Africa: East
Merina Kingdom		Kingdom	1540–1897	Africa: East
Ankole		Kingdom	late 15th century–1967	Africa: East
Buganda		Kingdom	early 14th century–1967	Africa: East
Bunyoro		Kingdom	16th century–1967	Africa: East
Shilluk Kingdom	Fashoda	Kingdom	c.1490–1865	Africa: East
Medri Bahri	Debarwa	Kingdom	1137–1890	Africa: East, Horn
Aussa Sultanate		Sultanate	1734–1902	Africa: East, Horn
Ethiopian Empire	Addis Ababa	Empire	1137–1935; 1942–1974	Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of Garo		Kingdom	1567–1883	Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of Gomma		Kingdom	c.1780–1886	Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of Gumma		Kingdom	c.1770–1902	Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of Janjero		Kingdom	15th century–1894	Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of Jimma		Kingdom	1790–1932	Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of Kaffa		Kingdom	c.1390–1897	Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea		Kingdom	1801–1891	Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of Welayta		Kingdom	c.1250–1894	Africa: East, Horn
British Somaliland		Colony, British	1884–1940; 1941–1960	Africa: East, Horn
Sultanate of Hobyo		Sultanate	1878–1926	Africa: East, Horn
Majeerteen Sultanate		Sultanate	c.1600–1924	Africa: East, Horn
Warsangali Sultanate		Sultanate	1218–1886	Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of Burundi		Kingdom	1680–1966	Africa: East, Lakes
Sultanate of Zanzibar		Sultanate	1856–1964	Africa: East, Lakes
Wituland			1858–1885	Africa: East, Lakes
Kingdom of Rwanda		Kingdom	11th century–1962	Africa: East, Lakes
Khedivate of Egypt		Khedivate	1867–1914	Africa: Northeast
Sennar (sultanate)		Sultanate	1504–1821	Africa: Northeast
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan		Colony, British/Egyptian	1899–1956	Africa: Northeast
Sultanate of Darfur		Sultanate	1603–1874; 1898–1916	Africa: Northeast
French Algeria		Colony, French	1830–1962	Africa: Northwest
Ottoman Algeria		Territory, Ottoman	c.1517–1830	Africa: Northwest
Morocco		Sultanate	1664–1912; 1956–present	Africa: Northwest
Spanish Sahara		Territory, Spanish	1884–1975	Africa: Northwest
Barotseland			17th century–1900	Africa: South
Bechuanaland Protectorate		Protectorate	1885–1966	Africa: South
Dutch Cape Colony		Colony, Dutch	1652–1795; 1803–1806	Africa: South
Gaza Empire		Empire	1824–1895	Africa: South
Basutoland			1884–1966	Africa: South
Maravi			Late 15th century–1870	Africa: South
Angoche Sultanate	Angoche, Moma	Sultanate	1485–1910	Africa: South
Portuguese Mozambique		Colony, Portuguese	1498–1975	Africa: South
Mthethwa Paramountcy		Empire	c.1780–1817	Africa: South
Mthwakazi			1830s–1889	Africa: South
German South-West Africa		Colony, German	1884–1915	Africa: South
Colony of Natal		Colony, British	1843–1910	Africa: South
Nieuwe Republiek		Republiek	1884–1888	Africa: South
Rozwi Empire		Empire	1660–1866	Africa: South
Cape Colony		Colony, British	1795–1910	Africa: South
Orange Free State			1854–1902	Africa: South
South African Republic		Republic	1856–1877; 1881–1902; 1914–1915	Africa: South
Swaziland			1745–1906; 1968–present	Africa: South
Transvaal Colony		Colony, British	1877–1881; 1902–1910	Africa: South
Company rule in Rhodesia		Company rule	1890–1924	Africa: South
Zulu Kingdom		Kingdom	1816–1897	Africa: South
Baol		Kingdom	1555–1874	Africa: West
Benin Empire	Benin City	Empire	1180–1897	Africa: West
Dahomey		Kingdom	c.1600–1904	Africa: West
French West Africa		Colony, French	1895–1958	Africa: West
Bornu Empire	Ngazargamu	Empire	1380–1893	Africa: West
Mossi Kingdoms		Kingdoms	11th century–1896	Africa: West
Portuguese Cape Verde		Colony, Portuguese	1462–1975	Africa: West
Cayor		Kingdom	1549–1879	Africa: West
Imamate of Futa Jallon		Imamate	1725–1896	Africa: West
Imamate of Futa Toro		Imamate	1776–1861	Africa: West
Gambia Colony and Protectorate		Colony, British	1821–1965	Africa: West
Ashanti Empire		Empire	1670–1902; 1935–1957	Africa: West
Gyaaman			1450–1895	Africa: West
Fante Confederacy		Confederation	1868–1874	Africa: West
Wassoulou Empire		Empire	1878–1898	Africa: West
Baté Empire		Empire	until 1879	Africa: West
Portuguese Guinea		Colony, Portuguese	1474–1974	Africa: West
Kingdom of Jolof		Kingdom	1549–1875	Africa: West
Kaabu		Kingdom	1537–1867	Africa: West
Kénédougou Kingdom		Kingdom	c.1650–1898	Africa: West
Khasso		Kingdom	17th century–1880	Africa: West
Kong Empire		Empire	1710–1898	Africa: West
Kingdom of Koya		Kingdom	1505–1896	Africa: West
Liberia		Republic	1847–present	Africa: West
Bamana Empire		Empire	1712–1861	Africa: West
Kaarta			1753–1890	Africa: West
Pashalik of Timbuktu			1591–1833	Africa: West
Toucouleur Empire		Empire	1848–1893	Africa: West
Massina Empire		Empire	c.1818–1862	Africa: West
Sultanate of Damagaram		Sultanate	1731–1851	Africa: West
Dendi Kingdom		Kingdom	1591–1901	Africa: West
Aro Confederacy		Confederation	1690–1902	Africa: West
Kano Emirate		Emirate	1807–1903	Africa: West
Kingdom of Nri	Igbo-Ukwu	Kingdom	948–1911	Africa: West
Sokoto Caliphate		Caliphate	1804–1903	Africa: West
Oyo Empire	Oyo-Ile	Kingdom	c.1400–1896	Africa: West
Bundu			17th century–1858	Africa: West
Kingdom of Sine		Kingdom	1350–1969	Africa: West
Colonial Sierra Leone		Colony, British	1800–1961	Africa: West
Togoland			1884–1916	Africa: West
Colony of the Bahamas		Colony, British	1648–1973	Americas: Caribbean
Captaincy General of Cuba		Territory, Spanish	1607–1898	Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
Dominican Republic		Republic	1844–1861; 1865–present	Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
First Empire of Haiti		Empire	1804–1806	Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
Haiti			1859–present	Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
Kingdom of Haiti		Kingdom	1811–1820	Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
State of Haiti			1806–1811	Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
Saint-Domingue		Colony, French	1625–1804	Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
List of Governors of Antigua		Colony, British	1632–1981	Americas: Caribbean, Leeward Is.
Colonial Dominica		Colony, British	1715–1978	Americas: Caribbean, Leeward Is.
History of Barbados			1627–1958; 1962–1966	Americas: Caribbean, Windward Is.
Colonial Saint Lucia		Colony, British	1762–1979	Americas: Caribbean, Windward Is.
Colonial Saint Vincent and the Grenadines		Colony, British	1763–1979	Americas: Caribbean, Windward Is.
Colonial Trinidad and Tobago		Colony, British	1889–1962	Americas: Caribbean, Windward Is.
British Honduras		Colony, British	1862–1981	Americas: Central
United Provinces of Central America		Republic	1823–1838	Americas: Central
Costa Rica			1823–present	Americas: Central
Greater Republic of Central America		Republic	1896–1898	Americas: Central
El Salvador			1841–present	Americas: Central
Federal Republic of Central America		Republic	1823–1838	Americas: Central
Captaincy General of Guatemala		Territory, Spanish	1609–1821	Americas: Central
Guatemala			1823–present	Americas: Central
Honduras			1838–present	Americas: Central
Mosquito Coast			1838–1894	Americas: Central
Nicaragua			1894–present	Americas: Central
Royal Greenland Trading Department		Company rule	1774–1908	Americas: North
Canada		Republic	1867–present	Americas: North, Canada
Republic of Manitoba		Republic	1867–1870	Americas: North, Canada
Chan Santa Cruz			c.1850–1901	Americas: North, Mexico
First Mexican Empire		Empire	1821–1823	Americas: North, Mexico
Mexico		Republic	1867–present	Americas: North, Mexico
Republic of the Rio Grande		Republic	1840–1840	Americas: North, Mexico
Second Mexican Empire		Empire	1864–1867	Americas: North, Mexico
Republic of Sonora		Republic	1854–1854	Americas: North, Mexico
Republic of Yucatán		Republic	1823; 1841–1848	Americas: North, Mexico
California Republic		Republic	1846–1846	Americas: North, United States
Cherokee Nation			1794–1907	Americas: North, United States
Confederate States of America		Confederation	1861–1865	Americas: North, United States
Republic of Indian Stream		Republic	1832–1835	Americas: North, United States
Republic of Maryland		Republic	1854–1857	Americas: North, United States
State of Muskogee			1799–1803	Americas: North, United States
Republic of Texas		Republic	1836–1846	Americas: North, United States
United States		Republic	1776–present	Americas: North, United States
Republic of West Florida		Republic	1810–1810	Americas: North, United States
Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia		Kingdom	1860–1862	Americas: South
Argentina			1861–present	Americas: South
Argentine Confederation		Confederation	1831–1861	Americas: South
United Provinces of the River Plate			1810–1831	Americas: South
Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata		Territory, Spanish	1776–1810	Americas: South
Bolivia			1839–present	Americas: South
Republic of Acre		Republic	1899-1900; 1903	Americas: South
First Brazilian Republic		Republic	1889–1930	Americas: South
Captaincy General of Chile		Territory, Spanish	1541–1818	Americas: South
Chile		Republic	1818–present	Americas: South
Colombia			1886–present	Americas: South
United States of Colombia			1863–1886	Americas: South
Gran Colombia			1821–1831	Americas: South
Granadine Confederation		Confederation	1858–1863	Americas: South
Republic of New Granada		Republic	1831–1858	Americas: South
United Provinces of New Granada		Republic	1810–1816	Americas: South
Ecuador			1830–present	Americas: South
British Guiana		Colony, British	1814–1966	Americas: South
Paraguay			1811–present	Americas: South
Peru			1839–present	Americas: South
Viceroyalty of Peru		Territory, Spanish	1542–1824	Americas: South
Peru–Bolivian Confederation		Confederation	1836–1839	Americas: South
United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves		Kingdom	1815–1822/1825	Americas: South
Surinam (Dutch colony)		Colony, Dutch	1667–1954	Americas: South
Liga Federal		Federation	1815–1820	Americas: South
Uruguay			1828–present	Americas: South
United States of Venezuela			1864–1953	Americas: South
Viceroyalty of New Granada		Territory, Spanish	1717–1819	Americas: South, Central
Emirate of Afghanistan		Emirate	1823–1926; 1929	Asia: Central
Durrani Empire		Empire	1747–1826	Asia: Central
Kazakh Khanate		Khanate	1456–1847	Asia: Central
Khanate of Kokand		Khanate	1709–1876	Asia: Central
Emirate of Bukhara		Emirate	1747–1826	Asia: Central
Khanate of Khiva		Khanate	1511–1920	Asia: Central
Qing dynasty (China)		Monarchy	1644–1912	Asia: East, China
Republic of Formosa		Republic	1895	Asia: East, China
Republic of Ezo		Republic	1869	Asia: East, Japan
Empire of Japan		Empire	1868–1947	Asia: East, Japan
Ryukyu Kingdom		Kingdom	1429–1879	Asia: East, Japan
Tokugawa shogunate		Shogunate	1600–1868	Asia: East, Japan
Joseon		Kingdom	1392–1897	Asia: East, Korea
Korean Empire		Empire	1897–1910	Asia: East, Korea
Alirajpur State		Princely state (subsidiary alliance)	1437–1948	Asia: South
Alwar State		Princely state (subsidiary alliance)	1296–1949	Asia: South
Athgarh		Princely state (subsidiary alliance)	1178–1949	Asia: South
Theocratic Bhutan		Kingdom	1616–1907	Asia: South
Bhutan		Kingdom	1650–1905	Asia: South
Kingdom of Cochin	Various	Kingdom	12th century–1947	Asia: South
Hyderabad State			1803–1948	Asia: South
Ahom kingdom		Kingdom	1228–1826	Asia: South
Ajaigarh State			1765–1949	Asia: South
Alipura State			1757–1950	Asia: South
Garhwal Kingdom	Various	Kingdom	888–1949	Asia: South
British India		Colony, British	1858–1947	Asia: South
Company rule in India		Company rule	1757–1858	Asia: South
Jaisalmer State	Jaisalmer	Principality	1156–1947	Asia: South
Mughal Empire		Empire	1526–1540; 1555–1857	Asia: South
Sirmoor State	Sirmür	Principality	1095–1948	Asia: South
Kharan		Princely state (subsidiary alliance)	1697–1948	Asia: South
Las Bela		Princely state (subsidiary alliance)	1742–1948	Asia: South
Makran		Princely state (subsidiary alliance)	18th century–1948	Asia: South
Huraa dynasty		Monarchy	1757–1952; 1954–1968	Asia: South
Sultanate of the Maldives		Sultanate	1117–1952; 1954–1968	Asia: South
Manipur		Princely state (subsidiary alliance)	1110–1949	Asia: South
Maratha Empire		Empire	1674–1820	Asia: South
Kingdom of Mysore	Mysore, Srirangapatna	Kingdom	1399–1947	Asia: South
Kingdom of Nepal		Kingdom	1768–2008	Asia: South
Kingdom of the Netherlands		Kingdom	1839–present	Asia: South
Sikh Empire		Empire	1799–1849	Asia: South
Kingdom of Sikkim		Kingdom	1642–1975	Asia: South
British Ceylon		Colony, British	1815–1948	Asia: South
Travancore			1729–1949	Asia: South
Bruneian Empire	Various	Empire	7th century–1888	Asia: Southeast
Middle Period Cambodia		Kingdom	early 15th century–1863	Asia: Southeast
Dutch East Indies		Colony, Dutch	1800–1942; 1945–1949	Asia: Southeast
Lanfang Republic		Republic	1777–1884	Asia: Southeast
Aceh Sultanate		Sultanate	1496–1903	Asia: Southeast
Sultanate of Banten		Sultanate	1527–1813	Asia: Southeast
Kingdom of Champasak		Kingdom	1713–1946	Asia: Southeast
Federated Malay States			1895–1942; 1945–1946	Asia: Southeast
Sultanate of Pahang		Sultanate	1470–1896	Asia: Southeast
Sultanate of Perak		Sultanate	1528–1896	Asia: Southeast
Sultanate of Selangor		Sultanate	1745–1896	Asia: Southeast
British rule in Burma		Colony, British	1824–1942; 1945–1948	Asia: Southeast
Konbaung Dynasty		Monarchy	1752–1885	Asia: Southeast
Sultanate of Maguindanao		Sultanate	1500–1888	Asia: Southeast
Spanish East Indies		Colony, Spanish	1565–1898	Asia: Southeast
Rattanakosin Kingdom of Siam		Kingdom	1782–1932	Asia: Southeast
Annam (French protectorate)		Protectorate, French	1884–1945; 1945–1949	Asia: Southeast
Champa	Indrapura, Vijaya, Panduranga	Kingdom	192–1832	Asia: Southeast
Cochinchina		Colony, French	1862–1945; 1945–1949	Asia: Southeast
Nguyen dynasty		Monarchy	1802–1945	Asia: Southeast
Kingdom of Sedang		Kingdom	1888–c.1890	Asia: Southeast
Tây Sơn dynasty		Monarchy	1778–1802	Asia: Southeast
Tonkin			1884–1945; 1945–1949	Asia: Southeast
North Borneo			1882–1941	Asia: Southeast
Kingdom of Sarawak		Kingdom	1841–1941; 1945–1946	Asia: Southeast
Sultanate of Sulu	Various	Sultanate/client	1405–1915	Asia: Southeast
Johor Sultanate		Sultanate	1528–c.1949	Asia: Southeast
Pattani kingdom		Kingdom	1516–1902	Asia: Southeast
Straits Settlements		Territory, British	1826–1942; 1945–1946	Asia: Southeast
Qajar dynasty of the Persia		Monarchy	1789–1925	Asia: West
Soran Emirate		Emirate	1530s–1835	Asia: West
Sheikhdom of Kuwait		Sheikhdom	1752–1961	Asia: West
Muscat and Oman			1820–1970	Asia: West
Emirate of Nejd		Emirate	1812–1891	Asia: West
Oman proper		Imamate	751–1970	Asia: West
Emirate of Diriyah		Emirate	1744–1818	Asia: West
Emirate of Jabal Shammar (Arabia)		Emirate	1836–1921	Asia: West
Ottoman Empire		Empire	1299–1923	Asia: West
Trucial States			1820–1971	Asia: West
Emirate of Beihan		Emirate	17th century–1967	Asia: West
Emirate of Dhala		Emirate	15th century–1967	Asia: West
Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom		Sheikhdom	18th century–1967	Asia: West
Upper Aulaqi Sultanate		Sultanate	18th century–1967	Asia: West
Upper Yafa		Sultanate	c.1800–1967	Asia: West
Wahidi Balhaf			c.1640–1967	Asia: West
Wahidi Haban			c.1640–1967	Asia: West
Kingdom of Imereti		Kingdom	1260–1810	Eurasia: Caucasus
Principality of Bulgaria		Principality	1878–1908	Europe: Balkans
Kingdom of Greece		Kingdom	1832–1924; 1935–1941; 1944–1974	Europe: Balkans
United States of the Ionian Islands			1815–1864	Europe: Balkans
Septinsular Republic		Republic	1800–1815	Europe: Balkans
First Hellenic Republic		Republic	1828–1832	Europe: Balkans
Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)		Kingdom	1527–1868	Europe: Balkans
Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia		Kingdom	1868–1918	Europe: Balkans
Illyrian Provinces		Protectorate, French	1809–1816	Europe: Balkans
Republic of Ragusa	Ragusa	Republic	1358–1807	Europe: Balkans
Kosovo Vilayet			1877–1913	Europe: Balkans
Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro		Prince-Bishopric	1696–1852	Europe: Balkans
Principality of Montenegro		Principality	1852–1910	Europe: Balkans
Kingdom of Serbia		Kingdom	1882–1918	Europe: Balkans
Principality of Serbia		Principality	1815–1882	Europe: Balkans
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland		Kingdom	1801–1922	Europe: British Isles, UK
Austria-Hungary		Monarchy	1867–1918	Europe: Central
Archduchy of Austria		Archduchy	1453–1806/1918	Europe: Central
Austrian Empire		Empire	1804–1867	Europe: Central
Habsburg Monarchy		Composite monarchy	1526–1804	Europe: Central
Kingdom of Hungary	Various	Kingdom	1000–1918	Europe: Central
Kingdom of Bohemia		Kingdom	1198–1918	Europe: Central
Duchy of Anhalt		Duchy	1806–1918	Europe: Central
Anhalt-Bernburg		Monarchy	1252–1468; 1603–1863	Europe: Central
Anhalt-Dessau		Monarchy	1396–1561; 1603–1863	Europe: Central
Anhalt-Köthen		Monarchy	1396–1561; 1603–1853	Europe: Central
Principality of Aschaffenburg		Principality	1803–1810	Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of Baden		Grand Duchy	1806–1918	Europe: Central
Kingdom of Bavaria		Kingdom	1805–1918	Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of Berg		Grand Duchy	1806–1813	Europe: Central
Bremen		City-state republic	1806–1867	Europe: Central
Duchy of Brunswick	Braunschweig	Duchy	1815–1918	Europe: Central
Free City of Frankfurt		City-state republic	1372–1806; 1816–1866	Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of Frankfurt		Client Grand Duchy	1810–1813	Europe: Central
German Confederation		Confederation	1815–1866	Europe: Central
German Empire		Empire	1871–1918	Europe: Central
Free Imperial City of Hamburg		City-state	1806–1867	Europe: Central
Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg		Electorate	1692–1807	Europe: Central
Kingdom of Hanover		Kingdom	1814–1866	Europe: Central
Electorate of Hesse		Monarchy	1803–1807; 1813–1866	Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of Hesse		Grand Duchy	1806–1918	Europe: Central
Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt		Landgraviate	1567–1806	Europe: Central
Hesse-Homburg		Landgraviate	1622–1866	Europe: Central
Hohenzollern-Hechingen		Monarchy	1576–1850	Europe: Central
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen		Monarchy	1576–1850	Europe: Central
Duchy of Holstein		Duchy	1474–1864	Europe: Central
Holy Roman Empire	No official	Empire	962–1806	Europe: Central
Principality of Leyen		Client Principality	1806–1814	Europe: Central
Principality of Lippe		Principality	1123–1918	Europe: Central
Free City of Lübeck		City-state	1226–1811; 1815–1937	Europe: Central
Electorate of Mainz		Monarchy	780–1803	Europe: Central
Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin		Duchy	1379–1815	Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin		Grand Duchy	1815–1918	Europe: Central
Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz		Duchy	1701–1815	Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz		Grand Duchy	1815–1918	Europe: Central
Duchy of Nassau		Duchy	1806–1866	Europe: Central
North German Confederation		Confederation	1867–1871	Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of Oldenburg		Grand Duchy	1814–1918	Europe: Central
Kingdom of Prussia		Kingdom	1701–1918	Europe: Central
Prussia		Kingdom	1525–1947	Europe: Central
Principality of Regensburg		Principality	1803–1810	Europe: Central
Reuss			c.1010–1778/1806	Europe: Central
Reuss-Ebersdorf		Monarchy	1678–1824	Europe: Central
Principality of Reuss-Gera		Principality	1806–1918	Europe: Central
Principality of Reuss-Greiz		Principality	1778–1918	Europe: Central
Reuss-Lobenstein		Monarchy	1425–1547; 1647–1824	Europe: Central
Confederation of the Rhine		Confederation	1806–1813	Europe: Central
Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg		Duchy	1602–1672; 1826–1920	Europe: Central
Saxe-Coburg and Gotha		Duchy	1826–1918	Europe: Central
Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld		Duchy	1699–1825	Europe: Central
Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg		Duchy	1680–1826	Europe: Central
Saxe-Hildburghausen		Duchy	1680–1826	Europe: Central
Saxe-Lauenburg		Duchy	1296–1803; 1814–1876	Europe: Central
Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen		Duchy	1680–1918	Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach		Grand Duchy	1809–1918	Europe: Central
SaxonyKingdom of Saxony		Kingdom	1806–1918	Europe: Central
Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe		Principality	1643–1918	Europe: Central
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt		Principality	1599–1919	Europe: Central
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen		Principality	1599–1920	Europe: Central
Waldeck		Principality	1180–1918	Europe: Central
Kingdom of Westphalia		Kingdom	1807–1813	Europe: Central
Württemberg		Monarchy	11th century–1918	Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of Würzburg		Grand Duchy	1805–1814	Europe: Central
Liechtenstein		Principality	1806–present	Europe: Central
Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria		Kingdom	1772–1918	Europe: Central
Free City of Kraków		City-state republic	1815–1846	Europe: Central
Duchy of Warsaw		Occupation	1807–1815	Europe: Central
Helvetic Republic		Republic	1798–1803	Europe: Central
Swiss Confederation (Napoleonic)		Confederation	1803–1815	Europe: Central
Restoration and Regeneration in Switzerland			1815–1848	Europe: Central
Switzerland			1848–present	Europe: Central
Governorate of Estonia		Province	1721–1917	Europe: East, Baltic
Principality of Moldavia		Principality	1346–1859	Europe: East, Romania
United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia		Principalities	1859–1881	Europe: East, Romania
Kingdom of Romania		Kingdom	1881–1947	Europe: East, Romania
Principality of Wallachia		Principality	1330–1859	Europe: East, Romania
Russian Empire		Empire	1721–1917	Europe: East; Asia: Central; Americas: North, Russia
Denmark	Various	Kingdom	1814–present	Europe: Nordic
Denmark–Norway		Kingdom	1524–1814	Europe: Nordic
Duchy of Schleswig		Duchy	1058–1866	Europe: Nordic
Grand Duchy of Finland		Grand Duchy	1809–1917	Europe: Nordic
Norway in 1814			1814	Europe: Nordic
SwedenSweden			1523–1814; 1905–present	Europe: Nordic
United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway	Various	Kingdom	1814–1905	Europe: Nordic
Cisalpine Republic		Republic	1797–1802	Europe: Southcentral
Republic of Cospaia		Republic	1440–1826	Europe: Southcentral
Sovereign Principality of Elba		Principality	1814–1815	Europe: Southcentral
Kingdom of Etruria		Kingdom	1801–1807	Europe: Southcentral
Republic of Genoa		Republic	1005–1797; 1814–1815	Europe: Southcentral
Italian Republic (Napoleonic)		Republic/client	1802–1805	Europe: Southcentral
Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)		Kingdom	1805–1814	Europe: Southcentral
Kingdom of Italy		Kingdom	1861–1946	Europe: Southcentral
Ligurian Republic		Republic	1797–1805	Europe: Southcentral
Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia		Kingdom	1815–1866	Europe: Southcentral
Duchy of Lucca		Duchy	1815–1847	Europe: Southcentral
Republic of Lucca	Lucca	Republic	1160–1805	Europe: Southcentral
Duchy of Massa and Carrara		Duchy	15th–19th century	Europe: Southcentral
Duchy of Modena and Reggio		Duchy	1452–1796; 1814–1859	Europe: Southcentral
Kingdom of Naples		Kingdom	1285–1816	Europe: Southcentral
Kingdoms of Naples and Sicily		Kingdom	1043–1410; 1442–1500; 1735–1816	Europe: Southcentral
ParmaDuchy of Parma		Duchy	1545–1859	Europe: Southcentral
Kingdom of Sardinia	Cagliari, Turin	Kingdom	1324–1861	Europe: Southcentral
Kingdom of Sicily	Various	Kingdom	1130–1816	Europe: Southcentral
Duchy of Tridentum	Benevento	Duchy/Principality	574–1802	Europe: Southcentral
Grand Duchy of Tuscany		Grand Duchy	1569–1801; 1815–1859	Europe: Southcentral
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies		Kingdom	1816–1861	Europe: Southcentral
Gozo			1798–1801	Europe: Southcentral
Crown Colony of Malta		Colony, British	1813–1964	Europe: Southcentral
Malta Protectorate		Protectorate, British	1800–1813	Europe: Southcentral
San Marino	San Marino	Republic	301–present	Europe: Southcentral
Papal States	Rome	Pontificate	754–1870	Europe: Southcentral
Roman Republic (19th century)		Republic	1849	Europe: Southcentral
Andorra		Principality	1278–present	Europe: Southwest
Kingdom of Portugal	Various	Kingdom	1139–1910	Europe: Southwest
Bourbon Spain		Kingdom	1700–1812	Europe: Southwest
First Spanish Republic		Republic	1873–1874	Europe: Southwest
Kingdom of Spain		Kingdom	1813–1873	Europe: Southwest
Bourbon Restoration (Spain)	Toledo, Madrid	Kingdom	1874–1931	Europe: Southwest
Kingdom of Galicia	Santiago de Compostela	Kingdom	409–1833	Europe: Southwest,
Alsace-Lorraine			1871–1918	Europe: West, France
Bourbon Restoration			1814–1815; 1815–1830	Europe: West, France
First French Empire		Empire	1804–1814; 1815	Europe: West, France
French First Republic		Republic	1792–1804	Europe: West, France
French Second Republic		Republic	1848–1852	Europe: West, France
French Third Republic		Republic	1870–1940	Europe: West, France
Second French Empire		Empire	1852–1870	Europe: West, France
July Monarchy		Monarchy	1830–1848	Europe: West, France
Roquebrune-Cap-Martin			1848–1860	Europe: West, France
Belgium			1830–present	Europe: West, Low Countries
Luxembourg			1815–present	Europe: West, Low Countries
Batavian Republic		Republic	1795–1806	Europe: West, Low Countries
Kingdom of Holland		Kingdom	1806–1810	Europe: West, Low Countries
NetherlandsNetherlands			1648–1830	Europe: West, Low Countries
Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands		Principality	1813–1815	Europe: West, Low Countries
United Kingdom of the Netherlands		Kingdom	1815–1839	Europe: West, Low Countries
Monaco			1419–1793; 1814–present	Europe: West, Monaco
States and territories of Australia		Colony, British	1788–1901	Oceania
Kings of Easter Island		Kingdom	900–1878	Oceania
Cook Islands Federation		Federation	1893–1901	Oceania
Kingdom of Rarotonga		Kingdom	1858–1893	Oceania
Colony of Fiji		Colony, British	1874–1970	Oceania
Kingdom of Fiji		Kingdom	1871–1874	Oceania
Gilbert and Ellice Islands			1892–1976	Oceania
Colony of New Zealand		Colony, British	1841–1907	Oceania
Niuean monarchy		Monarchy	c. 1700–1900	Oceania
British protectorate of Niue		Protectorate, British	1900–1974	Oceania
German New Guinea		Colony, German	1884–1919	Oceania
Territory of Papua		Territory, British	1883–1949	Oceania
Kingdom of Bora Bora		Kingdom	Early 19th century–1895*	Oceania
Kingdom of Huahine		Kingdom	1760–1895	Oceania
Kingdom of Mangareva		Kingdom	18th century–1881	Oceania
Raiatea		Monarchy	18th century–1888	Oceania
Kingdom of Tahiti		Kingdom	1788–1880	Oceania
Kingdom of Hawaii		Kingdom	1795–1893	Oceania
Provisional Government of Hawaii		Provisional Government	1893–1894	Oceania
Republic of Hawaii		Republic	1894–1898	Oceania
German Samoa		Colony, German	1900–1920	Oceania
Malietoa dynasty (Samoa)		Monarchy	pre-1858–1900	Oceania
Tui Manua dynasty (Samoa)		Monarchy	up to 1900	Oceania
British Solomon Islands		Colony, British	1893–1978	Oceania
Portuguese Timor		Colony, Portuguese	1702–1975	Oceania
Kingdom of Tonga (1900–1970)		Kingdom	1900–1970	Oceania
Tonga			1845–1900; 1970–present	Oceania
Tuʻi Tonga Empire		Empire	450s–1865	Oceania
Anglo-French Joint Naval Commission		Colony, British/French	1887–1906	Oceania

See also

• List of Bronze Age states
• List of Iron Age states
• List of Classical Age states
• List of states during Late Antiquity
• List of states during the Middle Ages

References