Maithripala Sirisena

His Excellency
Maithripala Sirisena
මෛත්‍රිපාල සිරිසේන
மைத்திரிபால சிறிசேன
7th President of Sri Lanka
Assumed office
9 January 2015
Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe
Preceded by Mahinda Rajapaksa
Leader of the House
In office
3 May 2004 – 9 August 2005
President Chandrika Kumaratunga
Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa
Preceded by W. J. M. Lokubandara
Succeeded by Nimal Siripala de Silva
Minister of Defence
Assumed office
12 January 2015
President Himself
Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe
Preceded by Mahinda Rajapaksa
Minister of Mahaweli Development and Environment [N 1]
Assumed office
12 January 2015
President Himself
Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe
Preceded by Susil Premajayanth
In office
23 November 2005 – 23 April 2010
President Mahinda Rajapaksa
Prime Minister Ratnasiri Wickremanayake
Succeeded by Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena
Minister of Health
In office
23 April 2010 – 21 November 2014
President Mahinda Rajapaksa
Prime Minister D. M. Jayaratne
Preceded by Nimal Siripala de Silva
Succeeded by Tissa Attanayake
Minister of Irrigation, Mahaweli and Rajarata Development[N 2]
In office
10 April 2004 – 23 November 2005
President Chandrika Kumaratunga
Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa
Minister of Mahaweli Development and Parliamentary Affairs
In office
1997–2001
President Chandrika Kumaratunga
Prime Minister Ratnasiri Wickremanayake
Sirimavo Bandaranaike
Preceded by S. B. Dissanayake
Succeeded by A. H. M. Azwer
Chairman of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party
Assumed office
15 January 2015
Preceded by Mahinda Rajapaksa
12th Chairperson-in-office of the Commonwealth of Nations
In office
9 January 2015 – 27 November 2015
Head Elizabeth II
Preceded by Mahinda Rajapaksa
Succeeded by Joseph Muscat
Member of the Sri Lankan Parliament
for Polonnaruwa District
In office
15 February 1989 – 9 January 2015
Succeeded by Jayasinghe Bandara
Personal details
Born Pallewatte Gamaralalage Maithripala Yapa Sirisena
(1951-09-03) 3 September 1951
Yagoda, Gampaha District, Western Province, Dominion of Ceylon
(now Sri Lanka)
Nationality Sri Lanka
Political party Sri Lanka Freedom Party
(1968–Present)
Communist Party of Ceylon
(1966-1968)
Other political
affiliations		 United People's Freedom Alliance
(2004–Present)[N 3]
New Democratic Front
(2014–2015)[N 4]
People's Alliance
(1994–2004)
Spouse(s) Jayanthi Pushpa Kumari
Children Chathurika
Daham
Dharani
Alma mater Royal Central College, Polonnaruwa
Agriculture School, Kundasale
Maxim Gorky Literature Institute
Occupation Politician
Profession Agriculturist
Religion Theravada Buddhism
Signature
Website Official website

Pallewatte Gamaralalage Maithripala Yapa Sirisena (pronounced [pallewat̪t̪ə ɡaməraːləlaːɡeː majt̪ɾiːpaːlə jaːpaː siɾiseːnə]; known as Maithripala Sirisena or also referred to as "Maithri"; Sinhalese: මෛත්‍රිපාල සිරිසේන; Tamil: மைத்திரிபால சிறிசேன; born 3 September 1951) is a Sri Lankan politician who is the 7th and current President of Sri Lanka, since 2015.[1][2] Although born in the Western Province, Sirisena hails from the North Central Province of the country and is the first president from that province. He is an agriculturist and does not belong to the Sri Lankan political elite.[3]

Sirisena joined mainstream politics in 1989 as a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka and has held several ministries since 1994.[4] He was the general-secretary of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party and was Minister of Health until November 2014 when he announced his candidacy for the 2015 presidential election as the opposition coalition's "common candidate".[5][6] His victory in the election is generally viewed as a surprise, coming to office through the votes won from the alternative Sinhala-majority rural constituency and the Tamil and Muslim minority groups that have been alienated by the Rajapaksa government on post-war reconciliation and growing sectarian violence.[3][7][8][9] Their votes were more anti-Rajapaksa than pro-Sirisena.[10] Maithripala Sirisena pledged to implement a 100-day reform program where he promised to rebalance the executive branch within 100 days of being elected, by reinforcing Sri Lanka’s judiciary and parliament, to fight corruption and to investigate allegations of war crimes from 2009, repeal the controversial eighteenth amendment, re-instate the seventeenth amendment and appoint UNP leader Ranil Wickremesinghe as Prime Minister.[11][12][13]

Sirisena was sworn in as the sixth Executive President before Supreme Court judge K. Sripavan in Independence Square, Colombo at 6.20pm on 9 January 2015.[14][15] Immediately afterwards he appointed Ranil Wickremesinghe as the new Prime Minister.[16][17] After being sworn in Sirsena stated that he would only serve one term.[18][19] On 28 April 2015, Sirisena voluntarily transferred significant presidential powers to parliament.[20][21]

Early life and career

Maithripala Sirisena was born on 3 September 1951 in Yagoda, a village in present-day Gampaha District.[22][23] He is the son of World War II veteran Albert Sirisena, who was awarded five acres of paddy land in Polonnaruwa near Parakrama Samudra by D. S. Senanayake.[23][24] His mother was a school teacher.[25]

He was educated at Thopawewa Maha Vidyalaya and Royal College, Polonnaruwa where he first developed and interest in politics.[24][25][26] While still in school, as a teenager, Sirisena became interested in communism and joined the Communist Party becoming closely associated with party leader N. Shanmugathasan in party activities.[25] In 1968 he took part in a communist party anti-government rally which was broken up by baton charging police.[3]

At the age of 17 years he was chosen as the secretary of the SLFP Youth Organisation in Polonnaruwa by the SLFP Member of Parliament for Polonnaruwa, Leelaratna Wijesingha.[24][25] In 1971, aged 19, he was jailed for 15 months for alleged involvement in the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna Insurrection.[27][28] Following his release from prison, Sirisena joined All Ceylon SLFP Youth Organization led by Anura Bandaranaike and joined politics at the national level. After serving at a number of state institutions, Sirisena obtained the SLFP membership in 1978.[25] In 1974 Sirisena started working at the Palugasdamana Multi Purpose Cooperative Society as a purchasing office and in 1976 he became a grama niladhari (village officer) but resigned in 1978.[29][30][31] He rose up the SLFP ranks, joining its politburo in 1981, where he was chosen as the President of the All Island SLFP Youth Organisation, and also later served as Treasurer.[24] During the 1981 Presidential poll, when Basil Rajapaksa joined the United National Party, he took over the responsibility of the Secretary of the organisation. Subsequently, he was appointed the Polonnaruwa SLFP chief organiser by the SLFP hierarchy.[25] He became president of the All Island SLFP Youth Organisation in 1983.[30]

Sirisena studied for three years at the Sri Lanka School of Agriculture, Kundasale from where he earned a diploma in agriculture in 1973.[29] In 1980 he earned a Diploma in Political science at the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute in Russia.[30][32]

Legislative career

Sri Lankan Parliament

Sirisena contested the 1989 parliamentary election as one of the SLFP's candidates in Polonnaruwa District and was elected to the Parliament.[33] He was re-elected at the 1994 parliamentary election, this time as a People's Alliance (PA) candidate.[34] In 1997 he was appointed as the General Secretary of the SLFP for the first time, from which he later resigned.[25] In August 2000 Sirisena tried to become general-secretary of the SLFP but was beaten by S. B. Dissanayake.[35][36] Sirisena was instead appointed one the Deputy Presidents of SLFP.[37] He became general-secretary of the SLFP in October 2001 following Dissanayake's defection to the United National Party (UNP).[38]

Minister of Mahaweli Development

Sirisena was appointed Deputy Minister of Irrigation in the new PA government led by Chandrika Kumaratunga in 1994.[24] In 1997 President Kumaratunga promoted him to the Cabinet, appointing him Minister of Mahaweli Development.[24] While in this office he initiated many concessionary grants to improve the standard of the farming community. He was also responsible for influencing the government's decision to give farmers a bag of fertilizer for Rs. 350 in order to combat the food crisis at the time. He also saved the Paddy Marketing Board from privatization converting it into a government institution when he became the Agriculture Minister, in 2005. The Paddy Marketing Board continues to regulate the prices of paddy to this day.[25] He also began important irrigation projects such as Moragahakanda, Kalu and Walawe rivers.[39] He was re-elected to Parliament at the 2000 parliamentary election and retained his ministerial portfolio.[40][41]

Opposition

He was re-elected at the 2001 parliamentary election but the PA lost the election and so Sirisena lost his ministerial position.[42]

In January 2004 the SLFP joined forced with the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna to form a political alliance called the United People's Freedom Alliance (UPFA).[43] Sirisena was re-elected at the 2004 parliamentary election as a UPFA candidate.[44] President Kumaratunga appointed him Minister of River Basin Development and Rajarata Development in the new UPFA government in April 2004.[45][46][47] He was also appointed Leader of the House.[48][49] Sirisena's ministerial portfolio was renamed as Minister of Irrigation, Mahaweli and Rajarata Development in July 2005.[50][51] He resigned as Leader of the House in August 2005.[52]

Minister of Agriculture

After the 2005 presidential election newly elected President Mahinda Rajapaksa appointed Sirisena Minister of Agriculture, Environment, Irrigation and Mahaweli Development in November 2005.[53][54] On 27 March 2006 Sirisena's personal secretary M. L. Dharmasiri was shot dead by unknown gunmen in Aranangawila.[55] Following a cabinet reshuffle in January 2007 he was appointed Minister of Agricultural Development and Agrarian Services Development by President Rajapaksa.[56][57]

In order to combat the 2007–08 world food price crisis, Sirisena initiated a plan under the scheme ‘Api Wavamu – Rat Nagamu’ to improve local food production on national scale. Festivals of tilling were conducted in each divisional secretariat every year leading to the re cultivation of more than 1 million abandoned paddy fields under the programme. The project was considered a great success being acknowledged as his green revolution.[25][39]

While the serving as the Minister of Agriculture Sirisena also served as the acting Defence Minister for several occasions during the Sri Lankan civil war.[58][59] He was acting defence minister during the last two weeks of the civil war when some of the worst alleged war crimes were committed.[60][61]

Assassination attempts

Sirisena has claimed that LTTE may have tried to assassinate him on at least five occasions.[62] Sirisena narrowly escaped death on 9 October 2008 when a convoy he was part of was attacked by a Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam's suicide bomber at Piriwena Junction in Boralesgamuwa, Colombo.[63][64] One person was killed and seven injured.[65]

Minister of Health

Sirisena was re-elected at the 2010 parliamentary election and was appointed Minister of Health in April 2010.[66][67][68] During his time Sirisena sought to combat cigarette and alcohol consumption within the country. He introduced a National Medicinal Drug Policy based on that of the Sri Lanka National Pharmaceuticals Policy of Seneka Bibile and brought the Cigarette and Alcohol act to parliament against cigarette packaging that include pictorial warnings. The act recommended 80% of packaging include the pictorial warnings, however this was reduced to 60% due to pressure form many multinational companies and from some areas of the government itself.[25][39] In May 2014 Sirisena was elected as one of the Vice Presidents of the World Health Assembly.[69]

Committees

Committees Involved[70]
Committees Served[70]

Presidency

Presidential campaign

Presidential Standard adopted by Maithripala Sirisena

Following days of speculation in the media, Sirisena announced on 21 November 2014 that he would challenge incumbent President Mahinda Rajapaksa at the 2015 presidential election as the common opposition candidate.[71][72] Sirisena claimed that everything in Sri Lanka was controlled by one family and that the country was heading towards a dictatorship with rampant corruption, nepotism and a breakdown of the rule of law.[73][74] He has pledged to abolish the executive presidency within 100 days of being elected, repeal the controversial eighteenth amendment, re-instate the seventeenth amendment and appoint UNP leader Ranil Wickremasinghe as Prime Minister.[11][12][13] Following the announcement Sirisena, along with several other ministers who supported him, were stripped of their ministerial positions and expelled from the SLFP.[75][76][77] His ministerial security and vehicles were also withdrawn.[78][79]

Sirisena released his manifesto, titled A Compassionate Maithri Governance — A Stable Country, on 19 December 2014 at a rally at Viharamahadevi Park.[80][81] The main pledge in the manifesto was the replacement of the executive presidency with a Westminster style cabinet but the manifesto acknowledged that Sirisena would need the support of the parliament to amend the constitution.[82] The manifesto also made a commitment to replace the open list proportional representation system with a mixture of first-past-the-post and PR for electing MPs.[82] Parliamentary elections will be held in April 2015 after the constitution has been amended.[83] Independent commissions would be established to oversee the judiciary, police, elections department, Auditor-General's Department and Attorney-General's Department.[84][85] The Commission on Bribery and Corruption would be strengthened and political diplomatic appointments annulled.[84][85][86] Populist measures in the manifesto included a commitment to write-off 50% of farmers' loans, reduce fuel prices by removing taxes and a salary increase of Rs.10,000 for public servants.[85][87][88][89] Public spending on health would increase from 1.8% of GDP to 3% of GDP whilst that on education would increase from 1.7% of GDP to 6% of GDP.[90][91] The manifesto also stated that the casino licences granted to Kerry Packer's Crown Resort and John Keells Holdings's Water Front will be cancelled.[92][93] Political victims during Rajapaksa's rule, including Sarath Fonseka and Shirani Bandaranayake, would be re-appointed.[87][94] In a separate document Sirisena pledged that, whilst resisting any international investigation, he would establish an independent domestic inquiry into the alleged war crimes during the final stages of the Sri Lankan Civil War.[85][95]

Sirisena was declared the winner after receiving 51.28% of all votes cast compared to Rajapaksa's 47.58%.[96][97] Sirsena was the winner in 12 electoral districts whilst Rajapaksa was victorious in the remaining 10.[98][99] On the contrary Rajapakse won in 90 electorates while Sirisena managed to win only in 70 electorates.[100] The result was generally seen as a shock.[101][102][103] When Rajapaksa called the election in November 2014 he had looked certain to win.[104][105][106]

Transition
Wikinews has related news: Sri Lanka to investigate alleged coup attempt by outgoing president

According to Mangala Samaraweera and Rajitha Senaratne, senior figures in the Sirisena campaign, Rajapaksa attempted to stage a coup in order to stay in power when it became clear he was going to lose the election.[107][108] They alleged that Rajapaksa and his brother Gotabhaya Rajapaksa, the Defence Secretary, summoned Commander of the Army Daya Ratnayake, Inspector General of Police N. K. Illangakoon and Attorney General Yuwanjana Wanasundera to Temple Trees at around 1 am on 9 January 2015.[109] Rajapaksa allegedly pressured the three officials to deploy troops, annul the election results and declare a state of emergency but they refused.[9][110] According to the Colombo Telegraph Rajapaksa also wanted to dissolve parliament.[111] It was only then Rajapaksa decided to concede defeat and summoned Ranil Wickremesinghe to assure him of a smooth transition of power.[112]

A spokesman for Rajapaksa has denied the allegations as baseless.[113][114] The army and police have also denied the allegations.[115] The new government is to investigate the alleged coup attempt.[116]

Sirsena was sworn in as Sri Lanka's sixth executive president before Supreme Court judge K. Sripavan in Independence Square, Colombo at 6.20pm on 9 January 2015.[14][15] It is custom for the president to be sworn in before the chief justice but Sirsena had refused to be sworn in before Chief Justice Peiris who had been appointed by Rajapaksa after the controversial impeachment of the previous chief justice.[117][118] Immediately afterwards, Wickremesinghe was sworn in as Sri Lanka's new prime minister before Sirsena.[16][17] After being sworn in Sirisena stated that he would only serve one term.[18][19]

100-day reform program

Sirisena's 100 days Program cabinet
10 most senior members
Office Name Term
Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe°Jan-Aug
Minister of Foreign Affairs Mangala Samaraweera°Jan-Aug
Minister of Defence Maithripala SirisenaJan-Aug
Minister of Finance Ravi Karunanayake°Jan-Aug
Minister of Justice Wijeyadasa Rajapakshe°Jan-Aug
Minister of Home Affairs Joseph Michael PereraJan-Aug
Minister of Industry and Commerce Risad Badhiutheen*°Jan-Aug
Minister of Health and Indigenous Medicine Rajitha Senaratne°Jan-Aug
Minister of Education Akila Viraj Kariyawasam°Jan-Aug
Minister of Agriculture Duminda Dissanayake°Jan-Aug
*Retained from previous administration
°Retained after August elections

On 10 January 2015 former minister Nimal Siripala de Silva announced that the UPFA would support Sirisena's 100-day program unconditionally.[119][120] Addressing the nation from Temple of the Tooth the following day, Sirisena invited all political parties to join to form a national unity government.[121] Shortly afterwards a group of 21 SLFP MPs pledged their support for Sirisena.[122][123] According to Sirisena's team he has enough support in parliament to secure a majority.[124]

With an interim cabinet formed on 12 January, Sirisena called the Parliamentary elections two years ahead of schedule for 23 April.[125] It is to be carried out after the 100-day reform program against corruption.[126] The president will establish a stable cabinet after the elections. Sirisena has taken the defence portfolio for himself, and appointed Ranil Wickremesinghe as minister of reconciliation, policy development and economic affairs, to go with his Prime Ministership.[127]

Sirisena has also lifted a ban on news websites, blocked under his predecessor, and promised to enact a Right to Information bill.[127] Reports also say he is ready to reinstate Shirani Bandaranayake, the former Chief Justice whose Impeachment Mahinda Rajapaksa engineered two years ago.[10]

Parliamentary elections

In his election manifesto Sirisena had promised a 100-day reform program planning to dissolve the parliament and holding new elections on 23 April 2015.[106][128] However, Srisena and his government faced opposition from a large contingent of legislators loyal to Mahinda Rajapaksa, and, although some reforms, such as the curtailing of presidential powers and re-introducing the two term limit, were introduced by the passing of the nineteenth amendment, others, notably electoral reforms, were not carried out.[129] With electoral reforms stalled and the 100-day reform program falling behind schedule, the UNP started calling for parliamentary elections.[130][131] Sirisena dissolved parliament on 26 June 2015.[132][133][134]

The date of the election was set for 17 August 2015, with the new parliament is expected to convene on 1 September 2015.[135][136] Nominations took place between 6 July 2015 and 13 July 2015.[137] The UPFA/SLFP Mps who remained loyal to former President Rajapaksa called for Rajapaksa to be made the UPFA's prime ministerial candidate for the election.[138][139][140] This alarmed those members of the UPFA/SLPF who had supported Sirisena during the presidential election. They urged Sirisena to prevent Rajapaksa's return to politics but Sirisena remained silent on the matter.[141][142] After the parliamentary election was called it was announced that Rajapaksa would contest but not as the prime ministerial candidate which would be decided after the election.[143][144][145][146] Feeling "betrayed" by Sirisena, his supporters in the UPFA/SLFP allied themselves with the UNP to form the United National Front for Good Governance.[147][148][149] On 8 July 2015, several factions accused Sirisena of having betrayed the mandate that was given to him by the people in the 2015 presidential election over nominating his predecessor Rajapaksa, who faces various allegations of human rights violations, to contest in this election. Despite his assurances to the media that he would not grant nominations to pro-Rajapaksa parliamentarians who were involved in various criminal activities, some were nominated.[150][151][152] On 14 July 2015, at a special press conference, President Sirisena announced he would remain impartial during the elections after granting the nomination to Rajapaksa, hinted that Rajapaksa could be defeated in the parliamentary election similar to the presidential election.[153][154]

The United National Front for Good Governance became the largest group in Parliament after securing 45.66% of votes and 106 seats whilst the UPFA won 42.38% of votes and 95 seats.[155][156] Rajapaksa quickly conceded defeat in his attempt to become Prime Minister.[157][158] The result left the UNFGG seven seats short of a majority in Parliament.[159][160] However, on 20 August 2015 the central committee of the SLFP agreed to form a national government with the UNP for two years.[161][162] Wickremesinghe was sworn in as Prime Minister on 21 August 2015.[163][164] Immediately afterwards a memorandum of understanding to work together in Parliament was signed by acting SLFP general secretary Duminda Dissanayake and UNP general secretary Kabir Hashim.[165][166]

The elections saw minor violence and violations of election laws but was generally incident free, peaceful, free and fair.[167][168] Sirisena was praised for "shepherding an inclusive process" during the elections by the United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon.[169] The European External Action Service spokesperson also stated that the election was "genuine, well administered and peaceful."[170][171]

National government

On 20 August 2015 the central committee of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP), the main constituent of the UPFA, agreed to form a national government with the UNP for two years.[161][162] Ranil Wickremesinghe was sworn in as Prime Minister on 21 August 2015.[163][164] Immediately afterwards a memorandum of understanding to work together in Parliament was signed by acting SLFP general secretary Duminda Dissanayake and UNP general secretary Kabir Hashim.[165][166]

Three UNFGG cabinet ministers were sworn in on 24 August 2015.[172][173] A further 39 cabinet ministers, 28 from the UNFGG and 11 from the UPFA, were sworn in on 4 September 2015.[174][175] Three more cabinet ministers, one from the UNFGG and two from the UPFA, were sworn in on 9 September 2015.[176][177] 19 state ministers (11 UNFGG, 8 UPFA) and 21 deputy ministers (11 UNFGG, 10 UPFA) were also sworn in on 9 September 2015.[178][179] Two more deputy ministers, both from the UPFA, were sworn in on 10 September 2015.[180][181]

Nepotism

Despite pledges made during the presidential campaign, Sirisena has himself been accused of nepotism since becoming president.[182][183][184] A few days after Sirisena took power in January 2015, his brother Kumarasinghe Sirisena was appointed chairman of the state-owned Sri Lanka Telecom.[185][186] The appointment came despite objections from Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe and several other cabinet ministers.[187][188] Sirisena's son-in-law Thilina Suranjith (Chathurika's husband) was appointed public relations officer at the Ministry of Defence in February 2015 - Sirisena is Minister of Defence.[189][190][191] In September 2015 Sirisena's son Daham accompanied his father as he visited New York for the Seventieth session of the United Nations General Assembly.[192][193] Despite having no official role, Daham sat with the Sri Lankan delegation in the United Nations General Assembly and accompanied his father as he met world leaders such as Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi and President of the Swiss Confederation Simonetta Sommaruga.[194][195][196] Sirisena's daughter Chathurika, who also has no official role, has been the guest of honour/chief guest at several Ministry of Defence events.[197][198][199][200] At another event where Chathurika was chief guest, she was accompanied by members of the Presidential Security Division.[201] In September 2015 Chathurika was accompanied by government officials and police officers as she went on a private "fact finding mission" to Mahawelithenna near Welikanda.[202][203]

Domestic policy

Death Penalty

Sirisena commented, after a series of high profile incidents of rape, killing and sexual abuse, that he supports a dialogue on the introduction of the Death Penalty should it be approved by Parliament.[204][205]

Foreign policy

President Maithripala Sirisena on a State Visit to India, February 2015

With the country becoming ever closer to China, during the previous administration, while departing from the traditional ally of India, Sirisena says he will treat key Asian countries, India, China, Pakistan and Japan equally.[10] Sri Lanka has moved closer to China, especially in terms of naval agreements. India and Sri Lanka in February 2015 signed a nuclear energy deal to improve relationships. Recently elected Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi met with Sirisena in New Delhi stated that: "India is Sri Lanka's closest neighbor and friend. Our destinies are interlinked."[206] President Maithripala Sirisena says the foreign policy of the current government is to work cooperatively with all nations, but with an emphasis on Asia. "My Government will pay more attention towards an Asia-centric middle-path foreign policy."[207]

Recognition and public image

Although legally entitled to use the style His Excellency as the President of Sri Lanka, he requested the media and the people of Sri Lanka, avoid using the style and also to avoid using the word First Lady for his wife, and requested only to use "President's wife".[208]

Family and personal life

Sirisena is married to Jayanthi Pushpa Kumari, they have two daughters, Chathurika, Dharani, and a son, Daham.[29][31]

Sirisena is a teetotaler, vegetarian[209] a practising Buddhist and has a reputation for honesty and hard work.[3]

President Sirisena's youngest brother, Priyantha Sirisena, died on 28 March 2015 after an axe attack two days earlier in his hometown of Polonnaruwa, 215 kilometres north-east of the capital Colombo. Priyantha was immediately transferred to hospital in a critical condition, where he died from severe head injuries. At that time, President Sirisena was in China on a state visit.[210][211]

Notes

  1. ↑ Minister of Agriculture, Environment, Irrigation and Mahaweli Development (November 2005 - January 2007)
    Agricultural Development and Agrarian Services (January 2007 - April 2010)
  2. ↑ Minister of River Basin Development and Rajarata Development (April 2004 - July 2005)
  3. ↑ Except for the 2015 Presidential Election
  4. ↑ Only for the 2015 Presidential Election

References

  1. ↑ "Sirisena to be sworn in as Sri Lanka's new president". Gulf Times. Agence France-Presse. 9 January 2015.
  2. ↑ Balachandran, P. K. (9 January 2015). "Sirisena Finally Romps Home With 51.28 Per Cent". The New Indian Express.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Burke, Jason (9 January 2015). "Sri Lanka election result: Who is new President Maithripala Sirisena?". The Guardian.
  4. ↑ "All you need to know about Maithripala Sirisena". The Hindu. 9 January 2015.
  5. ↑ "Central & South Asia Sri Lanka minister to challenge president". Al Jazeera. 21 November 2014.
  6. ↑ "Maithiripala Sirisena of SLFP emerges as common opposition candidate contesting Rajapaksa". TamilNet. 21 November 2014.
  7. ↑ "Sirisena Calls for Peace After Surprise Sri Lanka Victory". Bloomberg News. 9 January 2015.
  8. ↑ Crabtree, James (9 January 2015). "Maithripala Sirisena faces task of repairing Sri Lanka’s image". Financial Times.
  9. 1 2 Burke, Jason; Perera, Amantha (10 January 2015). "Sri Lanka’s new president promises ‘no more abductions, no more censorship’". The Guardian.
  10. 1 2 3 Haviland, Charles. "Sri Lanka's life after Rajapaksa". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
  11. 1 2 Bastians, Dharisha (22 November 2014). "No Maithri for Mahinda". Daily FT.
  12. 1 2 Mallawarachi, Bharatha (21 November 2014). "Sri Lanka leader to face health minister in polls". San Francisco Chronicle. Associated Press.
  13. 1 2 Srinivasan, Meera (22 November 2014). "Chandrika returns to politics". The Hindu.
  14. 1 2 "Sirisena sworn in as Sri Lanka president". Al Jazeera. 9 January 2015.
  15. 1 2 "Maithri sworn in". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 9 January 2015.
  16. 1 2 Srinivasan, Meera (9 January 2015). "Sirisena deposes Rajapaksa". The Hindu.
  17. 1 2 "Ranil new Prime Minister". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 9 January 2015.
  18. 1 2 "Sri Lanka's new president appoints PM". Special Broadcasting Service. Australian Associated Press. 10 January 2015.
  19. 1 2 Boyle, Darren (10 January 2015). "New Sri Lankan president vows to curtail his own power before appointing opposition leader as prime minister". Mail Online.
  20. ↑ Maithripala’s finest hour The Sunday Times, Retrieved 4 May 2015
  21. ↑ The Monk and the Man who changed history Sunday Observer, Retrieved 4 May 2015
  22. ↑ "Directory of Members: Sirisena, Maithripala". Parliament of Sri Lanka.
  23. 1 2 Domínguez, Gabriel (9 January 2015). "introducing Maithripala Sirisena - Sri Lanka's new president". Deutsche Welle.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Gunewardene, Prasad (25 September 2007). "'Mangala, Sripathi, JVP and UPFA'". Daily News (Sri Lanka).
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Who is this Sirisena?". Dailymirror. Wijeya Newspapers Ltd. Retrieved 18 January 2015.
  26. ↑ "Enter Maithripala Sirisena". The Sunday Leader. 23 November 2014.
  27. ↑ "Sri Lanka's Maithripala Sirisena looks to have toppled Rajapaksa". BBC News. 9 January 2015.
  28. ↑ Aneez, Shihar (4 January 2015). "Friend turned foe - the challenger for Sri Lanka's presidency". Reuters.
  29. 1 2 3 "Biographical information on Sri Lanka's Sirisena". Mail Online. Associated Press. 9 January 2015.
  30. 1 2 3 Warnapala, Wiswa (15 February 2009). "Maitripala Sirisena: An embodiment of aspirations of common man". Sunday Observer (Sri Lanka).
  31. 1 2 "Maithripala: From paddy field to Parliament to presidential candidate". The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka). 30 November 2014.
  32. ↑ Sirisena, Maithripala. "Biography". http://maithripalasirisena.lk/. Maithripala Sirisena. Retrieved 24 November 2014. External link in |website= (help)
  33. ↑ "Result of Parliamentary General Election 1989" (PDF). Department of Elections, Sri Lanka.
  34. ↑ "Result of Parliamentary General Election 1994" (PDF). Department of Elections, Sri Lanka.
  35. ↑ Ferdinando, Shamindra (17 September 2000). "Jayakody denies rift over National List, says "I’ll remain with CBK"". The Island (Sri Lanka).
  36. ↑ "SB at the helm ahead of polls". The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka). 20 August 2000.
  37. ↑ "Dissnayake is General Secretary of SLFP". TamilNet. 17 August 2000.
  38. ↑ Jabbar, Zacki (9 October 2001). "Chandrika moots proposal at Central Committee meeting". The Island (Sri Lanka).
  39. 1 2 3 "Long trek from Polonnaruwa to the Executive Presidency of Sri Lanka – but Maithripala Sirisena made it happen". The Times of Sri Lanka. The Times of Sri Lanka. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
  40. ↑ "General Election 2000 Preferences" (PDF). Department of Elections, Sri Lanka.
  41. ↑ "New cabinet sworn in today". Current Affairs. Government of Sri Lanka. 19 October 2000.
  42. ↑ "General Election 2001 Preferences" (PDF). Department of Elections, Sri Lanka.
  43. ↑ "SLFP-JVP alliance signed in Colombo". TamilNet. 20 January 2004.
  44. ↑ "General Election 2004 Preferences" (PDF). Department of Elections, Sri Lanka.
  45. ↑ "PART I : SECTION (I) — GENERAL Appointments & c., by the President" (PDF). The Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Extraordinary. 1335/24. 10 April 2004.
  46. ↑ "The new UPFA Cabinet". The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka). 11 April 2004.
  47. ↑ "JVP boycotts UPFA cabinet swearing in ceremony". TamilNet. 10 April 2004.
  48. ↑ "Leaders of the House". Parliament of Sri Lanka.
  49. ↑ "President retains Defence, takes Education and Constitutional Reforms". Daily News (Sri Lanka). 12 April 2004.
  50. ↑ "PART I : SECTION (I) — GENERAL Government Notifications NOTIFICATION" (PDF). The Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Extraordinary. 1402/11. 19 July 2005.
  51. ↑ "New Ministers take oath". TamilNet. 18 July 2005.
  52. ↑ "Leader of the House of Sri Lanka parliament resigns". TamilNet. 4 August 2005.
  53. ↑ "PART I : SECTION (I) — GENERAL Appointments & c., by the President" (PDF). The Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Extraordinary. 1420/28. 23 November 2005.
  54. ↑ "Mangala Samaraweera appointed new SL Foreign Minister". TamilNet. 23 November 2005.
  55. ↑ "SL Minister's Personal Secy shot dead in Polannaruwa". TamilNet. 28 March 2006.
  56. ↑ "The New Cabinet". The Island (Sri Lanka). 29 January 2007.
  57. ↑ "New Cabinet of Ministers sworn in". Current Affairs. The Official Website of the Government of Sri Lanka.
  58. ↑ "Acting Defence Minister". Daily News (Sri Lanka). 15 May 2009.
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  61. ↑ "Sri Lanka votes out Rajapaksa". Channel 4 News. 9 January 2015.
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  63. ↑ "Minister Maithripala Sirisena escapes suicide bomb attack, deputy minister injured". The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka). 5 October 2008.
  64. ↑ Ferdinando, Shamindra; Palihawadana, Norman (10 October 2008). "Was suicide bomber’s target the President or PM? One killed, two injured in attack on Convoy". The Island (Sri Lanka).
  65. ↑ "Bomb attack targets Sri Lankan minister in Colombo". TamilNet. 9 October 2008.
  66. ↑ "Parliamentary General Election – 2010 Polonnuaruwa Preferences" (PDF). Department of Elections, Sri Lanka.
  67. ↑ "PART I : SECTION (I) — GENERAL Appointments & c., by the President" (PDF). The Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Extraordinary. 1651/03. 26 April 2010.
  68. ↑ "Sri Lanka’s new Foreign Affairs Minister is G.L.Peiris". TamilNet. 23 April 2010.
  69. ↑ "Maithripala elected Vice President of World Health Assembly". Ada Derana. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
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  71. ↑ "Are you the common candidate?-Maithripala asked". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 11 November 2014.
  72. ↑ "I'm the common candidate: Maithripala". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 21 November 2014.
  73. ↑ "Sri Lanka election: Health chief to challenge Rajapaksa". BBC News. 21 November 2014.
  74. ↑ "Sri Lankan minister quits, to challenge Rajapaksa for presidency". Reuters. 21 November 2014.
  75. ↑ "Maithripala and others sacked". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 21 November 2014.
  76. ↑ "SLFP rebels stripped of posts and party membership". The Nation (Sri Lanka). 21 November 2014.
  77. ↑ "Sri Lanka Presidential Election Set for January 8 Next Year". NDTV. Press Trust of India. 21 November 2014.
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  79. ↑ "Security squadron of former Minister Maithripala Sirisena reduced- Police Media Spokesman". Ceylon Today. 23 November 2014.
  80. ↑ "Video: Maithri launches manifesto". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 19 December 2014.
  81. ↑ Imtiaz, Zahrah (20 December 2014). "Maithri's 100-day 3 phase manifesto". Ceylon Today.
  82. 1 2 "'A Compassionate Maithri Governance - A Stable Country'" (PDF). maithripalas.com. p. 14.
  83. ↑ Bastians, Dharisha (20 December 2014). "Maithri’s majestic manifesto". Daily FT.
  84. 1 2 "'A Compassionate Maithri Governance - A Stable Country'" (PDF). maithripalas.com. p. 16.
  85. 1 2 3 4 Aneez, Shihar (19 December 2014). "Sri Lanka presidential challenger vows to cancel Crown casino license". Reuters.
  86. ↑ "'A Compassionate Maithri Governance - A Stable Country'" (PDF). maithripalas.com. p. 44.
  87. 1 2 "Sri Lanka opposition to address war crimes concerns". Arab News. Agence France-Presse. 19 December 2014.
  88. ↑ "'A Compassionate Maithri Governance - A Stable Country'" (PDF). maithripalas.com. p. 31.
  89. ↑ "'A Compassionate Maithri Governance - A Stable Country'" (PDF). maithripalas.com. p. 56.
  90. ↑ "'A Compassionate Maithri Governance - A Stable Country'" (PDF). maithripalas.com. p. 36.
  91. ↑ "'A Compassionate Maithri Governance - A Stable Country'" (PDF). maithripalas.com. p. 40.
  92. ↑ "'A Compassionate Maithri Governance - A Stable Country'" (PDF). maithripalas.com. p. 24.
  93. ↑ "Sri Lanka opposition vows to withdraw casino tax breaks". Daily Mail. Agence France-Presse. 19 December 2014.
  94. ↑ "'A Compassionate Maithri Governance - A Stable Country'" (PDF). maithripalas.com. p. 53.
  95. ↑ "Sri Lanka elections: Sirisena pledges war crime inquiry". The Hindu. Associated Press. 19 December 2014.
  96. ↑ Ben, Doherty; Munk, David (9 January 2015). "Sri Lanka election: president Mahinda Rajapaksa concedes defeat — live". The Guardian.
  97. ↑ Sundarji, Padma Rao; Jacob, Jayanth Jacob (9 January 2015). "Mighty Rajapaksa stunned, Sirisena is new Lanka Prez". Hindustan Times.
  98. ↑ Philips, Rajan (10 January 2015). "The People’s Verdict: Poetic Justice and the Path Ahead". Sunday Island (Sri Lanka).
  99. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing - 2012". Department of Census and Statistics (Sri Lanka). 2012.
  100. ↑ "PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 08-01-2015". 9 January 2015.
  101. ↑ "Sri Lanka's Rajapaksa suffers shock election defeat". BBC News. 9 January 2015.
  102. ↑ Koutsoukis, Jason (10 January 2015). "Sri Lanka election: shock result as president Mahinda Rajapaksa is tossed out". The Sydney Morning Herald.
  103. ↑ Pasricha, Anjana (9 January 2015). "Sri Lanka Swears In New President". Voice of America.
  104. ↑ Hume, Tim; Athas, Iqbal (9 January 2015). "Sri Lanka's Mahinda Rajapaksa concedes defeat in presidential elections". CNN.
  105. ↑ Kumar, Nikhil (9 January 2015). "Sri Lanka Looks to Chart a New Course After Ousting Mahinda Rajapaksa". Time (magazine).
  106. 1 2 "Sri Lanka election winner Sirisena pledges to reform the state". The Japan Times. 9 January 2015.
  107. ↑ "South Asia Sri Lanka to probe Rajapaksa 'coup' attempt". Al Jazeera. Agence France-Presse. 11 January 2015.
  108. ↑ Mallawarachi, Bharatha (11 January 2015). "Sri Lanka to Probe Alleged Coup Attempt by Ex-President". ABC News. Associated Press.
  109. ↑ Jayasekera, Sandun A. (11 January 2015). "Video: UNP - UPFA trying to destabilise". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka).
  110. ↑ "Sri Lanka’s new govt to probe Rajapaksa’s ‘coup’ bid". The Hindu. Press Trust of India. 11 January 2015.
  111. ↑ "Gota Flees To Maldives By Air Force Plane". Colombo Telegraph. 9 January 2015.
  112. ↑ "MR Plots To Prevent His Regime’s Corruption From Being Revealed". Colombo Telegraph. 11 January 2015.
  113. ↑ "Sri Lanka's Rajapaksa 'sought army help after poll defeat'". BBC News. 1 January 2015.
  114. ↑ Aneez, Shihar (11 January 2015). "Sri Lanka army defied order to keep Mahinda Rajapaksa in power, says aid". The Sydney Morning Herald.
  115. ↑ Fairclough, Gordon (11 January 2015). "Rajapaksa Sought Help ‘By Force,’ Opponents Say". The Wall Street Journal.
  116. ↑ "Sri Lanka to investigate Rajapaksa 'coup and conspiracy' attempt". Deutsche Welle. 11 January 2015.
  117. ↑ "Sirisena sworn in as 6th SL President". TamilNet. 9 January 2015.
  118. ↑ "Maithri refuses to take oaths before CJ?". Ceylon Today. 9 January 2015.
  119. ↑ Ferdinando, Shamindra (11 January 2015). "UPFA promises "unconditional" support for 100-day program". Sunday Island (Sri Lanka).
  120. ↑ Desmond, Santh (10 January 2015). "Video: UPFA supports Common Opposition’s 100-day programme". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka).
  121. ↑ "Come join us to form unity Govt: President". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 11 January 2015.
  122. ↑ "Over 20 SLFP MPs pledge support to President Sirisena". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 11 January 2015.
  123. ↑ "Several Lankan MPs Cross Over to Sirisena Camp as Rival Central Committees Meet". The New Indian Express. Express News Service. 11 January 2015.
  124. ↑ "Maithri secures Parliamentary majority". The Nation (Sri Lanka). 11 January 2015.
  125. ↑ "New Cabinet ministers sworn in". Dailymirror.lk. Wijeya Newspapers Ltd. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
  126. ↑ "Sri Lanka to hold parliamentary elections in 100 days". 7 News. AFP. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
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  128. ↑ "Sri Lanka's Sirisena announces parliamentary elections, swears in new cabinet". Deutsche Welle. 12 January 2015.
  129. ↑ Ondaatjie, Anusha. "Sirisena Calls Early Sri Lanka Election as Reform Hopes Dwindle". Bloomberg News.
  130. ↑ Warnakulasuriya, Deepal (15 June 2015). "UNP calls for an early election". The Nation (Sri Lanka).
  131. ↑ "Political uncertainty continues; UNP for dissolution, Sirisena seeks SLFP backing". The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka). 14 June 2015.
  132. ↑ Perera, Yohan (26 June 2015). "Parliament dissolved". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka).
  133. ↑ "Parliament dissolved". Ceylon Today. 26 June 2015.
  134. ↑ "Parliament dissolved, elections on Aug 17". The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka). 26 June 2015.
  135. ↑ "Polls on Aug.17". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 26 June 2015.
  136. ↑ "Parliament dissolved". The Nation (Sri Lanka). 26 June 2015.
  137. ↑ "PART I : SECTION (I) — GENERAL Proclamations & C., by the President A PROCLAMATION BY HIS EXCELLENCY THE PRESIDENT OF THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA" (PDF). The Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Extraordinary. 1920/38. 26 June 2015.
  138. ↑ Ferdinando, Shamindra (9 February 2015). "Uproar over call to name MR UPFA’s PM candidate". The Island (Sri Lanka).
  139. ↑ Irugalbandara, Ramesh (18 February 2015). "Nugegoda rally calls out to those who voted for former president". News First.
  140. ↑ Jayakody, Ruwan Laknath; Kuruwita, Rathindra (27 March 2015). "TO MAKE MR PRIME MINISTER 27 SLFP MPs on". Ceylon Today.
  141. ↑ Ramakrishnan, T. (7 July 2015). "President Sirisena’s position on Rajapaksa’s nomination remains unclear". The Hindu.
  142. ↑ Philips, Rajan (6 July 2015). "Nomination Battles: Sirisena goes mute as Rajapaksa wins the battle of statements". The Island (Sri Lanka).
  143. ↑ Warnakulasuriya, Deepal (4 July 2015). "Maithri Blinks Mahinda to contest on UPFA ticket". The Nation (Sri Lanka).
  144. ↑ "MR not named Prime Ministerial candidate: President". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 30 June 2015.
  145. ↑ Aneez, Shihar; Sirilal, Ranga (10 July 2015). "Sri Lanka's defeated Rajapaksa to contest Aug 17 poll". Mail Online. Reuters.
  146. ↑ Ramakrishnan, T. (10 July 2015). "Ex-President Rajapaksa to contest from Kurunegala".
  147. ↑ Bastians, Dharisha (10 July 2015). "Revolution, betrayed?". Daily FT.
  148. ↑ "Major political realignments as nominations end". The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka). 12 July 2015.
  149. ↑ "A Nation Betrayed Looks At Maithri’s Next Move". The Sunday Leader. 12 July 2015.
  150. ↑ "JVP claims the greatest political betrayal". DailyMirror. 5 July 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
  151. ↑ "Not only tyrannical Mahinda but even his corrupt minions in the queue will not get nominations : President Maithri re -confirms!". LankaeNews. 5 July 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
  152. ↑ "Johnston Signs Nomination Papers: Mahindananda - Rohitha - Lakshman Also Get Nominations". AsiaMirror. 9 July 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
  153. ↑ "BREAKING: President Sirisena says he will not support Rajapaksa at polls". Newsfirst. 14 July 2015. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
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  155. ↑ "Rajapakse concedes election defeat as UNP secures 106 seats". Gulf Times. Agence France-Presse. 18 August 2015.
  156. ↑ "UNF Wins Sri Lanka Battle, Rajapaksa Concedes Defeat". The New Indian Express. Indo-Asian News Service. 18 August 2015.
  157. ↑ "Former Sri Lankan president Mahinda Rajapaksa concedes defeat in bid to become PM". ABC News (Australia). 18 August 2015.
  158. ↑ "MR concedes defeat". Daily News (Sri Lanka). 19 August 2015.
  159. ↑ "Sri Lanka's prime minister defeats former president Rajapaksa in elections". The Guardian. Reuters. 18 August 2015.
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  164. 1 2 Ramakrishnan, T. (21 August 2015). "Ranil Wickremesinghe sworn in as Sri Lankan Prime Minister". The Hindu.
  165. 1 2 "UNP and SLFP sign MoU". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 21 August 2015.
  166. 1 2 "SLFP & UNP sign MoU to form National Govt". Sri Lanka Guardian. 21 August 2015.
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  171. ↑ "EU says the recent general election in Sri Lanka was genuine, well administered and peaceful overall". Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation.
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  173. ↑ "Three ministers sworn –in today". Ceylon Today. 24 August 2015.
  174. ↑ "New Cabinet". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 4 September 2015.
  175. ↑ "The new Cabinet". Ceylon Today. 4 September 2015.
  176. ↑ "Three more Cabinet ministers appointed". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 9 September 2015.
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  178. ↑ "New State and Deputy Ministers". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 9 September 2015.
  179. ↑ "State and Deputy Ministers take oaths (Updated Full List)". The Nation (Sri Lanka). 9 September 2015.
  180. ↑ "Two more Dy. Ministers sworn in". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka). 10 September 2015.
  181. ↑ "Two more Deputy Ministers sworn in". The Nation (Sri Lanka). 10 September 2015.
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  183. ↑ de Silva, Neville (6 December 2015). "Withering of yahapalanaya as nepotism returns". The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka).
  184. ↑ Devapriya, Uditha (3 October 2015). "Nepotism isn’t a label". The Nation (Sri Lanka).
  185. ↑ "Kumarasinghe Sirisena appointed SLT chairman". Ceylon Today. 22 January 2015.
  186. ↑ Kannangara, Nirmala (29 November 2015). "SLT Chairman’s Attempt To Dial High Thwarted". The Sunday Leader.
  187. ↑ "Appointments To Top Government Posts Create Ripples!". The Sunday Leader. 25 January 2015.
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  189. ↑ "Blood is thicker than principle". The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka). 15 February 2015.
  190. ↑ "First Family member at the MoD?". Lanka Herald. 17 February 2015.
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  193. ↑ "President meets world leaders; pullout meeting with Obama". The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka). 27 September 2015.
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  199. ↑ "Manning Town & Panagoda ‘Viru Kekulu’ Kids Show Colours During Annual Entertainment". Sri Lanka Army. 13 November 2015.
  200. ↑ "Naval Pre-schools’ Annual Concert – 2015". Sri Lanka Navy.
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  203. ↑ "Maithri’s Daughter Chathu Kicks "Own-Goal" With Daddy’s Powers". Colombo Telegraph. 6 September 2015.
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  209. ↑ "President wants Sri Lanka to import beef and stop cattle slaughter".
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