Flunisolide

Flunisolide
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(1S,2S,4R,8S,9S,11S,12S,13R,19S)-19-fluoro-11-hydroxy-8-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-6,6,9,13-tetramethyl-5,7-dioxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosa-14,17-dien-16-one
Clinical data
Trade names Aerobid
AHFS/Drugs.com monograph
MedlinePlus a681048
Routes of
administration		 Inhaled
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding 40% after oral inhalation
Biological half-life 1.8 hours
Identifiers
CAS Number 3385-03-3 YesY
ATC code R01AD04 (WHO) R03BA03
PubChem CID 82153
IUPHAR/BPS 7076
DrugBank DB00180 YesY
ChemSpider 74144 YesY
UNII 78M02AA8KF YesY
KEGG D00324 N
ChEBI CHEBI:5106 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL1512 YesY
Synonyms 6α-Fluoro-11β,16α,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione acetone cyclic 16,17-acetal
Chemical data
Formula C24H31FO6
Molar mass 434.498 g/mol
 NYesY (what is this?)  (verify)

Flunisolide (marketed as AeroBid, Nasalide, Nasarel) is a corticosteroid often prescribed as treatment for allergic rhinitis.[1] Intranasal corticosteroids are the most effective medication for controlling symptoms. [2] In the United Kingdom it was formerly marketed as Syntaris, but this was recently discontinued by the manufacturers.[3]

The principal mechanism of action of flunisolide is to activate glucocorticoid receptors, meaning it has an anti-inflammatory action. The effects of topical corticosteroids is not immediate and requires regular use and at least a few days to start experiencing noticeable symptom relief. As-needed use has been shown to be not as effective as regular recommended use. [4] Flunisolide should not be used in the presence of nasal infection. It should not be continued if there is no relief of symptoms after regular use over two to three weeks. [5]

Side effects

Temporary nose and throat dryness, irritation, bleeding or unpleasant taste or smell may occur.[6] Nasal septum perforation is rarely reported. [7] Rare, but localized infections of the nose and pharynx with Candida albicans have been reported and long-term use may raise the chance of cataracts or glaucoma.[8]

Flunisolide nasal spray is absorbed into the circulatory system (blood).[9] Corticosteroid nasal sprays may affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in humans.[10] After the desired clinical effect is obtained, the maintenance dose should be reduced to the smallest amount necessary to control symptoms, which can be as low as 1 spray in each nostril a day. Utilizing the minimum effective dose will reduce possibility of side effects.[11]Recommended amounts of intranasal corticosteroids are generally not associated with systemic side effects.

Corticosteroids inhibit wound healing. Therefore, use of corticosteroid nasal sprays in patients who have experienced recent nasal septal ulcers, recurrent epistaxis, nasal surgery or trauma, a nasal corticosteroid should be used with caution until healing has occurred.[12] In pregnancy, recommended doses of intranasal corticosteroids are safe and effective.[13]

References


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