List of state leaders in 1936

See also
List of state leaders in 1935 Events of 1936 List of state leaders in 1937 State leaders by year List of religious leaders in 1936 List of sovereign states in 1936 List of colonial governors in 1936

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1936.

Africa

Egypt
- Monarch -
  1. Fuad I, King of Egypt (1917–1936)^[1]
  2. Farouk I, King of Egypt (1936–1952)
- Regent - Prince Mohammed Ali Tewfik, Regent of Egypt (1936–1937)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Muhammad Tawfiq Nasim Pasha, Prime Minister of Egypt (1934–1936)
  2. Ali Mahir Pasha, Prime Minister of Egypt (1936)
  3. Mustafa el-Nahhas, Prime Minister of Egypt (1936–1937)
Ethiopia
- Ethiopia was invaded and annexed by Italy as Italian East Africa in May 1936
- Monarch - Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia (1930–1974)^[2]
- Regent - Ras Imru, Regent of Ethiopia (1936)
- Chief Minister -
  1. Haile Selassie I, Chief Minister of Ethiopia (1927–1936)
  2. Wolde Tzaddick, Chief Minister of Ethiopia (1936–1942)^[3]
Liberia
- President - Edwin Barclay, President of Liberia (1930–1944)
South Africa
- Monarch -
  1. George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
  2. Edward VIII, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936)
  3. George VI, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936–1952)
- Governor-General - George Villiers, Earl of Clarendon, Governor-General of South Africa (1931–1937)
- Prime Minister - J. B. M. Hertzog, Prime Minister of South Africa (1924–1939)

Asia

Afghanistan
- Monarch - Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (1933–1973)
- Prime Minister - Mohammad Hashim Khan, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1929–1946)
China
- Nationalist Government (Republic of China)
  - Head of State - Lin Sen, Chairman of the National Government of China (1931–1943)
  - Premier - Chiang Kai-shek, President of Executive Yuan of China (1935–1938)
- Chinese Soviet Republic (unrecognized state)
  - Head of State - Mao Zedong, Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Republic of China (1931–1937)
- East Hebei (puppet state of Japan)
  - Chairman - Yin Ju-keng, Chairman of the East Hebei Autonomous Council (1935–1937)
- Mengjiang (puppet state of Japan)
  - Chairman - Yondonwangchug, Chairman of Mengjiang (1936–1937)
- Manchukuo (puppet state of Japan)
  - Monarch - Puyi, Emperor of Manchukuo (1932–1945)
  - Prime Minister - Zhang Jinghui, Prime Minister of Manchukuo (1935–1945)
- Tibet (unrecognized, de facto independent country)
  - Monarch - vacant, Dalai Lama (1933–1939)
  - Regent - Jamphel Yeshe Gyaltsen, Reting Rinpoche (1934–1941)
Iran
- Monarch - Reza Shah, Shah of Iran (1925–1941)
- Prime Minister - Mahmoud Jam, Prime Minister of Iran (1935–1939)
Iraq
- Monarch - Ghazi, King of Iraq (1933–1939)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Yasin al-Hashimi, Prime Minister of Iraq (1935–1936)
  2. Hikmat Sulayman, Prime Minister of Iraq (1936–1937)
Japan
- Monarch - Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1926–1989)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Keisuke Okada, Prime Minister of Japan (1934–1936)
  2. Kōki Hirota, Prime Minister of Japan (1936–1937)
Mongolia
- Communist Party Leadership - Banzarjavyn Baasanjav (1936–1940) + Dorjjavyn Luvsansharav (1932–1937) + Bat-Ochiryn Eldev-Ochir (1932–1937) + Khas-Ochiryn Luvsandorj (1934–1936), Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
- Head of State -
  1. Anandyn Amar, Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural of Mongolia (1932–1936)
  2. Dansranbilegiin Dogsom, Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural of Mongolia (1936–1939)
- Premier -
  1. Peljidiin Genden, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of Mongolia (1932–1936)
  2. Anandyn Amar, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of Mongolia (1936–1939)
Muscat and Oman
- Monarch - Said Bin Taimur, Sultan of Muscat and Oman (1932–1970)
Nepal
- Monarch - Tribhuvan, King of Nepal (1911–1950)
- Prime Minister - Juddha Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana, Maharaja of Lamjung and Kaski, Prime Minister of Nepal (1932–1945)
Saudi Arabia
- Monarch - Ibn Saud, King of Saudi Arabia (1902–1953)^[4]
Siam
- Monarch - Ananda Mahidol, King of Siam (1935–1946)
- Prime Minister - Phraya Phahonphonphayuhasena, Prime Minister of Siam (1933–1938)
Turkey
- President - Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, President of Turkey (1923–1938)
- Prime Minister - İsmet İnönü, Prime Minister of Turkey (1925–1937)
Tuva
- Communist Party Leader - Salchak Toka, General Secretary of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party (1932–1944)
- Head of State -
  1. Chuldum Lopsakovi, Chairman of the Presidium of the Little Hural of Tuva (1929–1936)
  2. Adyg-Tulush Khemchik-ool, Chairman of the Presidium of the Little Hural of Tuva (1936–1938)
- Premier -
  1. Adyg-Tulush Khemchik-ool, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Tuva (1929–1936)
  2. Sat Churmit-Dazhi, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Tuva (1936–1938)
Yemen
- Monarch - Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din, King of Yemen (1904–1948)^[5]

Australia and Oceania

Australia
- Monarch -
  1. George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
  2. Edward VIII, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936)
  3. George VI, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936–1952)
- Governor-General -
  1. Sir Isaac Isaacs, Governor-General of Australia (1931–1936)
  2. Alexander Hore-Ruthven, Baron Gowrie, Governor-General of Australia (1936–1945)
- Prime Minister - Joseph Lyons, Prime Minister of Australia (1932–1939)
New Zealand
- Monarch -
  1. George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
  2. Edward VIII, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936)
  3. George VI, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936–1952)
- Governor-General - George Monckton-Arundell, Viscount Galway, Governor-General of New Zealand (1935–1941)
- Prime Minister - Michael Joseph Savage, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1935–1940)

Europe

Albania
- Monarch - Zog I, King of the Albanians (1925–1939)^[6]
- Prime Minister -
  1. Mehdi Frashëri, Prime Minister of Albania (1935–1936)
  2. Kostaq Kota, Prime Minister of Albania (1936–1939)
Andorra
- Monarchs -
  - French Co-Prince - Albert François Lebrun, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1932–1940)
    - Co-Prince's Representative - Henri Samulens (1933–1937)
  - Episcopal Co-Prince - Justí Guitart i Vilardebó, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1920–1940)
    - Co-Prince's Representative -
      1. Jaume Sansa Nequí (1934–1935)
      2. Francesc Cairat (acting) (1936–1937)
- First Syndic -
  1. Pere Torres, First Syndic of Andorra (1933–1936)
  2. Francesc Molné, First Syndic of Andorra (1936–1937)
Austria
- President - Wilhelm Miklas, Federal President of Austria (1928–1938)
- Chancellor - Kurt Schuschnigg, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1934–1938)
Belgium
- Monarch - Leopold III, King of the Belgians (1934–1951)^[7]
- Prime Minister - Paul van Zeeland, Prime Minister of Belgium (1935–1937)
Bulgaria
- Monarch - Boris III, Tsar of the Bulgarians (1918–1943)
- Premier - Georgi Kyoseivanov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1935–1940)
Czechoslovakia
- President - Edvard Beneš, President of Czechoslovakia (1935–1938)
- Prime Minister - Milan Hodža, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1935–1938)
Danzig (free city under League of Nations protection)
- High Commissioner - Seán Lester, League of Nations High Commissioner for Danzig (1934–1937)
- Head of State - Arthur Greiser, President of the Senate of Danzig (1934–1939)
Denmark
- Monarch - Christian X, King of Denmark (1912–1947)
- Prime Minister - Thorvald Stauning, Prime Minister of Denmark (1929–1942)
Estonia
- Head of State - Konstantin Päts, Acting State Elder of Estonia (1933–1940)
- Prime Minister - Konstantin Päts, Prime Minister of Estonia (1934–1937)
Finland
- President - Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, President of Finland (1931–1937)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Toivo Mikael Kivimäki, Prime Minister of Finland (1932–1936)
  2. Kyösti Kallio, Prime Minister of Finland (1936–1937)
France
- President - Albert François Lebrun, President of France (1932–1940)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Pierre Laval, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1935–1936)
  2. Albert Sarraut, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1936)
  3. Léon Blum, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1936–1937)
Germany
- Head of State - Adolf Hitler, Führer of Germany (1934–1945)
- Chancellor - Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Germany (1933–1945)
Greece
- Monarch - George II, King of the Hellenes (1935–1947)^[8]
- Prime Minister -
  1. Konstantinos Demertzis, President of the Ministerial Council of Greece (1935–1936)
  2. Ioannis Metaxas, President of the Ministerial Council of Greece (1936–1941)
Hungary
- Head of State - Miklós Horthy, Regent of Hungary (1920–1944)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Gyula Gömbös, Prime Minister of Hungary (1932–1936)
  2. Kálmán Darányi, Prime Minister of Hungary (1936–1938)
Iceland
- Monarch - Christian X, King of Iceland (1918–1944)
- Prime Minister - Hermann Jónasson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1934–1942)
Ireland
- Monarch -
  1. George V, King of Ireland (1922–1936)
  2. Edward VIII, King of Ireland (1936)
  3. George VI, King of Ireland (1936–1949)
- Governor-General - Domhnall Ua Buachalla, Governor-General of Ireland (1932–1936)
- Head of Government - Éamon de Valera, President of the Executive Council of Ireland (1932–1948)
Italy
- Monarch - Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy (1900–1946)
- Prime Minister - Benito Mussolini, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1922–1943)
Latvia
- President -
  1. Alberts Kviesis, President of Latvia (1930–1936)
  2. Kārlis Ulmanis, President of Latvia (1936–1940)
- Prime Minister - Kārlis Ulmanis, Prime Minister of Latvia (1934–1940)
Liechtenstein
- Monarch - Franz I, Prince of Liechtenstein (1929–1938)
- Head of Government - Josef Hoop, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1928–1945)
Lithuania
- President - Antanas Smetona, President of Lithuania (1926–1940)
- Prime Minister - Juozas Tūbelis, Prime Minister of Lithuania (1929–1938)
Luxembourg
- Monarch - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1919–1964)^[9]
- Prime Minister - Joseph Bech, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1926–1937)
Monaco
- Monarch - Louis II, Prince of Monaco (1922–1949)
- Head of Government - Maurice Bouilloux-Lafont, Minister of State of Monaco (1932–1937)
Netherlands
- Monarch - Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)^[10]
- Prime Minister - Hendrikus Colijn, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands (1933–1939)
Norway
- Monarch - Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957)^[11]
- Prime Minister - Johan Nygaardsvold, Prime Minister of Norway (1935–1945)^[12]
Poland
- President - Ignacy Mościcki, President of Poland (1926–1939)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1935–1936)
  2. Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1936–1939)
Portugal
- President - Óscar Carmona, President of Portugal (1926–1951)
- Premier - António de Oliveira Salazar, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1932–1968)
Romania
- Monarch - Carol II, King of the Romanians (1930–1940)
- Premier - Gheorghe Tătărescu, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1934–1937)
San Marino
- Captains Regent -
  1. Pompeo Righi and Marino Morri, Captains Regent of San Marino (1935–1936)
  2. Gino Gozi and Ruggero Morri, Captains Regent of San Marino (1936)
  3. Francesco Morri and Gino Ceccoli, Captains Regent of San Marino (1936–1937)
Soviet Union
- Communist Party Leader - Joseph Stalin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1953)
- Head of State - Mikhail Kalinin, Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Congress of Soviets of the Soviet Union (1919–1946)^[13]
- Premier - Vyacheslav Molotov, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union (1930–1941)
Spain
- Spanish Republic
  - President -
    1. Niceto Alcalá-Zamora, President of Spain (1931–1936)
    2. Diego Martínez Barrio, Interim President of Spain (1936)
    3. Manuel Azaña, President of Spain (1936–1939)
  - Prime Minister -
    1. Manuel Portela Valladares, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1935–1936)
    2. Manuel Azaña, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1936)
    3. Augusto Barcía Trelles, Acting President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1936)
    4. Santiago Casares Quiroga, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1936)
    5. Diego Martínez Barrio, Acting President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1937–1939)
    6. José Giral, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1936)
    7. Francisco Largo Caballero, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1937–1939)
- Spanish State
  - was formed on 1 October 1936
  - Head of State - Francisco Franco, Head of State of Spain (1936–1975)
  - Head of Government -
    1. Miguel Cabanellas, President of the Board of National Defense of Spain (1936)
    2. Fidel Dávila Arrondo, President of the Technical Board of State of Spain (1936–1937)
Sweden
- Monarch - Gustaf V, King of Sweden (1907–1950)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Per Albin Hansson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1932–1936)
  2. Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp, Prime Minister of Sweden (1936)
  3. Per Albin Hansson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1936–1946)
Switzerland
- Federal Council:^[14]
  Giuseppe Motta (1911–1940), Marcel Pilet-Golaz (1928–1944), Albert Meyer (1929–1938, President), Rudolf Minger (1929–1940), Philipp Etter (1934–1959), Johannes Baumann (1934–1940), Hermann Obrecht (1935–1940)
United Kingdom
- Monarch -
  1. George V, King of the United Kingdom (1910–1936)
  2. Edward VIII, King of the United Kingdom (1936)
  3. George VI, King of the United Kingdom (1936–1952)
- Prime Minister - Stanley Baldwin, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1935–1937)
Vatican City
- Monarch - Pope Pius XI, Sovereign of Vatican City (1929–1939)
- Governor - Marquis Camillo Serafini, Governor of Vatican City (1929–1952)
- Holy See (sui generis subject of public international law)
  - Secretary of State - Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, Cardinal Secretary of State (1930–1939)
Yugoslavia
- Monarch - Peter II, King of Yugoslavia (1934–1945)^[15]
- Regent - Prince Paul + Radenko Stanković + Ivo Perović, Regency of Yugoslavia (1934–1941)
- Prime Minister - Milan Stojadinović, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1935–1939)

North America and the Caribbean

Canada
- Monarch -
  1. George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
  2. Edward VIII, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936)
  3. George VI, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936–1952)
- Governor General - John Buchan, Baron Tweedsmuir, Governor General of Canada (1935–1940)
- Prime Minister - William Lyon Mackenzie King, Prime Minister of Canada (1935–1948)
Costa Rica
- President -
  1. Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno, President of Costa Rica (1932–1936)
  2. León Cortés Castro, President of Costa Rica (1936–1940)
Cuba
- President -
  1. José Agripino Barnet, Provisional President of Cuba (1935–1936)
  2. Miguel Mariano Gómez, President of Cuba (1936)
  3. Federico Laredo Brú, President of Cuba (1936–1940)
Dominican Republic
- De facto Head of State - Rafael Trujillo, de facto ruler of the Dominican Republic (1930–1961)
- President - Rafael Trujillo, President of the Dominican Republic (1930–1938)
El Salvador
- President - Maximiliano Hernández Martínez, President of El Salvador (1935–1944)
Guatemala
- President - Jorge Ubico, President of Guatemala (1931–1944)
Haiti
- President - Sténio Vincent, President of Haiti (1930–1941)
Honduras
- President - Tiburcio Carías Andino, President of Honduras (1933–1949)
Mexico
- President - Lázaro Cárdenas, President of Mexico (1934–1940)
Nicaragua
- President -
  1. Juan Bautista Sacasa, President of Nicaragua (1933–1936)
  2. Carlos Alberto Brenes, Acting President of Nicaragua (1936–1937)
Panama
- President -
  1. Harmodio Arias Madrid, President of Panama (1932–1936)
  2. Juan Demóstenes Arosemena, President of Panama (1936–1939)
United States of America
- President - Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States (1933–1945)

South America

Argentina
- President - Agustín Pedro Justo, President of Argentina (1932–1938)
Bolivia
- Head of State -
  1. José Luis Tejada Sorzano, President of Bolivia (1934–1936)
  2. Germán Busch, Chairman of the Government Junta of Bolivia (1936)
  3. David Toro, Chairman of the Government Junta of Bolivia (1936–1937)
Brazil
- President - Getúlio Vargas, President of Brazil (1930–1945)
Chile
- President - Arturo Alessandri, President of Chile (1932–1938)
Colombia
- President - Alfonso López Pumarejo, President of Colombia (1934–1938)
Ecuador
- Head of State - Federico Páez, Supreme Chief of Ecuador (1935–1937)
Paraguay
- President -
  1. Eusebio Ayala, President of Paraguay (1932–1936)
  2. Rafael Franco, Acting President of Paraguay (1936–1937)
Peru
- President - Óscar R. Benavides, President of Peru (1933–1939)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Manuel Esteban Rodríguez, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1935–1936)
  2. Ernesto Montagne Markholz, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1936–1939)
Uruguay
- President - Gabriel Terra, President of Uruguay (1931–1938)
Venezuela
- President - Eleazar López Contreras, President of Venezuela (1935–1941)

References

↑ Egypt only became independent in 1922.
↑ In exile between 1936 and 1941.
↑ In exile between 1936 and 1941.
↑ Ibn Saud was Emir of Nejd and Hasa between 1902 and 1921, Sultan of Nejd between 1921 and 1927, King of Nejd between 1927 and 1932 additionally King of Hejaz between 1926 and 1932 (collectively referred to as King of Nejd and Hejaz), and King of Saudi Arabia from 1932.
↑ Yemen only became independent in 1918.
↑ Zog I was in power as President of Albania under the name of Ahmet Zogu between 1925 and 1928.
↑ German prisoner between 1940 an 1945, in exile between 1945 and 1950.
↑ In exile between 1941 and 1946.
↑ In exile between 1940 and 1945.
↑ In exile between 1940 and 1945.
↑ In exile between 1940 and 1945.
↑ In exile between 1940 and 1945.
↑ Kalinin was head of state of Russia (Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets) from 1919 to 1938, and head of state of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1946.
↑ The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state and the government of Switzerland. Within the Council, the President of the Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.
↑ In exile from 1941.

External links

State leaders by year of the 20th century

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