List of state leaders in 1950

See also
List of state leaders in 1949 Events of 1950 List of state leaders in 1951 State leaders by year List of religious leaders in 1950 List of sovereign states in 1950 List of colonial governors in 1950 List of foreign ministers in 1950

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1950.

Africa

Egypt
- Monarch - Farouk I, King of Egypt (1936–1952)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Hussein Sirri Pasha, Prime Minister of Egypt (1949–1950)
  2. Mustafa el-Nahhas, Prime Minister of Egypt (1950–1952)
Ethiopia
- Monarch - Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia (1930–1974)^[1]
- Prime Minister - Makonnen Endelkachew, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1942–1957)
Liberia
- President - William Tubman, President of Liberia (1944–1971)
South Africa
- Monarch - George VI, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936–1952)
- Governor-General - Gideon Brand van Zyl, Governor-General of South Africa (1946–1951)
- Prime Minister - Daniel François Malan, Prime Minister of South Africa (1948–1954)

Asia

Afghanistan
- Monarch - Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (1933–1973)
- Prime Minister - Shah Mahmud Khan, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1946–1953)
Bhutan
- Monarch - Jigme Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (1926–1952)
- Prime Minister - Sonam Topgay Dorji, Chief Minister of Bhutan (1917–1952)
Burma
- President - Sao Shwe Thaik, President of Burma (1948–1952)
- Prime Minister - U Nu, Prime Minister of Burma (1948–1956)
Ceylon
- Monarch - George VI, King of the British Dominions beyond the Seas (1948–1952)
- Governor-General - Herwald Ramsbotham, Baron Soulbury, Governor-General of Ceylon (1949–1954)
- Prime Minister - D. S. Senanayake, Prime Minister of Ceylon (1947–1952)^[2]
China (People's Republic of China)
- Communist Party Leader - Mao Zedong, Chairman of the Communist Party of China (1935–1976)
- Head of State - Mao Zedong, Chairman of China (1949–1959)
- Premier - Zhou Enlai, Premier of the Government Administration Council of the Central People's Government of China (1949–1976)
- Tibet (unrecognized, de facto independent country)
  - China invaded Tibet in October 1950
  - Monarch - Tenzin Gyatso, Dalai Lama (1939–present)^[3]
India
- the Union of India superseded by the Republic of India on 26 January 1950
- Monarch - George VI, King of India (1947–1950)
- Governor-General - C. Rajagopalachari, Governor-General of India (1948–1950)
- President - Rajendra Prasad, President of India (1950–1962)
- Prime Minister - Jawaharlal Nehru, Prime Minister of India (1947–1964)
Indonesia
- United States of Indonesia changed name to Republic of Indonesia on 17 August 1950
- President - Sukarno, President of Indonesia (1945–1967)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Mohammad Hatta, Prime Minister of Indonesia (1948–1950)
  2. Abdul Halim, Prime Minister of Indonesia (1950)
  3. Muhammad Natsir, Prime Minister of Indonesia (1950–1951)
- Islamic State of Indonesia (unrecognized secessionist state)
  - Leader - Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosuwirjo, Imam of the Islamic State of Indonesia (1949–1962)
- South Maluku (unrecognized secessionist state)
  - independence declared on 25 April 1950, extinguished in November 1950
  - President -
    1. Johanes Herman Manuhutu, Acting President of South Maluku (1950)
    2. Chris Soumokil, President of South Maluku (1950–1966)^[4]
  - Prime Minister - Albert Wairisal, Prime Minister of South Maluku (1950)
Iran
- Monarch - Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (1941–1979)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Mohammad Sa'ed, Prime Minister of Iran (1948–1950)
  2. Ali Mansur, Prime Minister of Iran (1950)
  3. Haj Ali Razmara, Prime Minister of Iran (1950–1951)
Iraq
- Monarch - Faisal II, King of Iraq (1939–1958)
- Regent - Crown Prince 'Abd al-Ilah, Regent of Iraq (1941–1953)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi, Prime Minister of Iraq (1949–1950)
  2. Tawfiq al-Suwaidi, Prime Minister of Iraq (1950)
  3. Nuri as-Said, Prime Minister of Iraq (1950–1952)
Israel
- President - Chaim Weizmann, President of Israel (1948–1952)
- Prime Minister - David Ben-Gurion, Prime Minister of Israel (1948–1954)
Japan (under Allied occupiation)
- Monarch - Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1926–1989)
- Prime Minister - Shigeru Yoshida, Prime Minister of Japan (1948–1954)
- Military Governor - Douglas MacArthur, Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (1945–1951)
Jordan
- Monarch - Abdullah I, King of Jordan (1921–1951)^[5]
- Prime Minister -
  1. Tawfik Abu al-Huda, Prime Minister of Jordan (1947–1950)
  2. Sa`id al-Mufti, Prime Minister of Jordan (1950)
  3. Samir al-Rifai, Prime Minister of Jordan (1950–1951)
North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
- Communist Party Leader - Kim Il-sung, Chairman of the Central Committee of the Korean Workers' Party (1949–1994)
- Head of State - Kim Tu-bong, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea (1947–1957)^[6]
- Prime Minister - Kim Il-sung, Prime Minister of the Cabinet of North Korea (1946–1972)^[7]
South Korea (Republic of Korea)
- President - Syngman Rhee, President of South Korea (1948–1960)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Lee Beom-seok, Prime Minister of South Korea (1948–1950)
  2. Shin Sung-mo, Acting Prime Minister of South Korea (1950)
  3. Chang Myon, Prime Minister of South Korea (1950–1952)
Lebanon
- President - Bechara El Khoury, President of Lebanon (1943–1952)
- Prime Minister - Riad as-Solh, Prime Minister of Lebanon (1946–1951)
Mongolia
- Communist Party Leader - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, General secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (1940–1954)
- Head of State - Gonchigiin Bumtsend, Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Hural of Mongolia (1940–1953)
- Premier - Khorloogiin Choibalsan, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Mongolia (1939–1952)
Muscat and Oman
- Monarch - Said Bin Taimur, Sultan of Muscat and Oman (1932–1970)
Nepal
- Monarch -
  1. Tribhuvan, King of Nepal (1911–1950)
  2. Gyanendra, King of Nepal (1950–1951)
- Prime Minister - Mohan Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana, Prime Minister of Nepal (1948–1951)
Pakistan
- Monarch - George VI, King of Pakistan (1947–1952)
- Governor-General - Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin, Governor-General of Pakistan (1948–1951)
- Prime Minister - Liaquat Ali Khan, Prime Minister of Pakistan (1947–1951)
Philippines
- President - Elpidio Quirino, President of the Philippines (1948–1953)
Saudi Arabia
- Monarch - Ibn Saud, King of Saudi Arabia (1902–1953)^[8]
Syria
- Head of State - Hashim al-Atassi, Head of State of Syria (1949–1951)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Khalid al-Azm, Prime Minister of Syria (1949–1950)
  2. Nazim al-Kudsi, Prime Minister of Syria (1950–1951)
Taiwan (Republic of China)
- President -
  1. Li Zongren, Acting President of Taiwan (1949–1950)
  2. Chiang Kai-Shek, President of Taiwan (1950–1975)
- Premier -
  1. Yan Xishan, President of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan (1949–1950)
  2. Chen Cheng, President of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan (1950–1954)
Thailand
- Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946–present)
- Regent - Prince Rangsit Prayurasakdi, Prince of Chainat, Regent of Thailand (1946–1951)
- Prime Minister - Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Prime Minister of Thailand (1948–1957)
Turkey
- President -
  1. İsmet İnönü, President of Turkey (1938–1950)
  2. Celâl Bayar, President of Turkey (1950–1960)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Şemsettin Günaltay, Prime Minister of Turkey (1949–1950)
  2. Adnan Menderes, Prime Minister of Turkey (1950–1960)
North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam)
- Communist Party Leader - Trường Chinh, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (1941–1956)
- President - Hồ Chí Minh, President of North Vietnam (1945–1969)
- Premier - Hồ Chí Minh, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of North Vietnam (1945–1955)
South Vietnam (State of Vietnam)
- Head of State - Bảo Đại, Chief of State of South Vietnam (1949–1955)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Bảo Đại, Prime Minister of South Vietnam (1949–1950)
  2. Nguyễn Phan Long, Prime Minister of South Vietnam (1950)
  3. Trần Văn Hữu, Prime Minister of South Vietnam (1950–1952)
Yemen
- Monarch - Ahmad bin Yahya, King of Yemen (1948–1955)
- Prime Minister - Hassan bin Yahya, Prime Minister of Yemen (1948–1955)

Europe

Albania
- Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944–1985)
- Head of State - Omer Nishani, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1944–1953)
- Premier - Enver Hoxha, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1944–1954)
Andorra
- Monarchs -
  - French Co-Prince - Vincent Auriol, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1947–1954)
    - Co-Prince's Representative - André Bertrand (1947–1952)
  - Episcopal Co-Prince - Ramon Iglesias i Navarri, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1943–1969)
    - Co-Prince's Representative - Jaume Sansa Nequí (1937–1972)
- First Syndic - Francesc Cairat Freixes, First Syndic of Andorra (1937–1960)
Austria (under Allied occupation)
- President -
  1. Karl Renner, Federal President of Austria (1945–1950)
  2. Leopold Figl, Acting Federal President of Austria (1950–1951)
- Chancellor - Leopold Figl, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1945–1953)
- American high commissioner -
  1. Geoffrey Keyes (1947–1950)
  2. Walter J. Donnelly (1950–1952)
- British high commissioner -
  1. Sir Alexander Galloway (1947–1950)
  2. Sir John Winterton (1950)
  3. Harold Caccia (1950–1954)
- French high commissioner -
  1. Antoine Béthouart (1945–1950)
  2. Jean Payart (1950–1955)
- Soviet high commissioner - Vladimir Sviridov (1949–1953)
Belgium
- Monarch - Leopold III, King of the Belgians (1934–1951)^[9]
- Regent -
  1. Prince Charles, Count of Flanders, Regent of Belgium (1944–1950)
  2. Prince Baudouin, Duke of Brabant, Regent of Belgium (1950–1951)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Gaston Eyskens, Prime Minister of Belgium (1949–1950)
  2. Jean Duvieusart, Prime Minister of Belgium (1950)
  3. Joseph Pholien, Prime Minister of Belgium (1950–1952)
Bulgaria
- Communist Party Leader - Vulko Chervenkov, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1949–1954)
- Head of State -
  1. Mincho Neychev, Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly of Bulgaria (1947–1950)
  2. Georgi Damyanov, Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly of Bulgaria (1950–1958)
- Premier -
  1. Vasil Kolarov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1949–1950)
  2. Vulko Chervenkov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1950–1956)
Czechoslovakia
- Communist Party Leader - Klement Gottwald, Chairman of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia (1929–1953)^[10]
- President - Klement Gottwald, President of Czechoslovakia (1948–1953)
- Prime Minister - Antonín Zápotocký, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1948–1953)
Denmark
- Monarch - Frederick IX, King of Denmark (1947–1972)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Hans Hedtoft, Prime Minister of Denmark (1947–1950)
  2. Erik Eriksen, Prime Minister of Denmark (1950–1953)
Finland
- President - Juho Kusti Paasikivi, President of Finland (1946–1956)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Karl-August Fagerholm, Prime Minister of Finland (1948–1950)
  2. Urho Kekkonen, Prime Minister of Finland (1950–1953)
France
- President - Vincent Auriol, President of France (1947–1954)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Georges Bidault, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1949–1950)
  2. Henri Queuille, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1950)
  3. René Pleven, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1950–1951)
East Germany (German Democratic Republic)
- Communist Party Leader -
  1. Wilhelm Pieck and Otto Grotewohl, Co-General-Secretaries of the Socialist Unity Party (1946–1950)
  2. Walter Ulbricht, First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1950–1971)
- President - Wilhelm Pieck, President of East Germany (1949–1960)
- Premier - Otto Grotewohl, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1949–1964)
West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)
- President - Theodor Heuss, Federal President of West Germany (1949–1959)
- Chancellor - Konrad Adenauer, Federal Chancellor of West Germany (1949–1963)
- West Berlin (Western Allies-occupied free city)
  - Governing Mayor - Ernst Reuter, Governing Mayor of Berlin (1948–1953)
Greece
- Monarch - Paul, King of the Hellenes (1947–1964)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Alexandros Diomidis, President of the Ministerial Council of Greece (1949–1950)
  2. Ioannis Theotokis, President of the Ministerial Council of Greece (1950)
  3. Sofoklis Venizelos, President of the Ministerial Council of Greece (1950)
  4. Nikolaos Plastiras, President of the Ministerial Council of Greece (1950)
  5. Sofoklis Venizelos, President of the Ministerial Council of Greece (1950–1951)
Hungary
- Communist Party Leader - Mátyás Rákosi, First Secretary of the Hungarian Workers' Party (1945–1956)
- Head of State -
  1. Árpád Szakasits, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1948–1950)
  2. Sándor Rónai, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1950–1952)
- Premier - István Dobi, President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1948–1952)
Iceland
- President - Sveinn Björnsson, President of Iceland (1944–1952)^[11]
- Prime Minister -
  1. Ólafur Thors, Prime Minister of Iceland (1949–1950)
  2. Steingrímur Steinþórsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1950–1953)
Ireland
- President - Seán T. O'Kelly, President of Ireland (1945–1959)
- Prime Minister - John A. Costello, Taoiseach of Ireland (1948–1951)
Italy
- President - Luigi Einaudi, President of Italy (1948–1955)
- Prime Minister - Alcide De Gasperi, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1945–1953)
Liechtenstein
- Monarch - Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
- Prime Minister - Alexander Frick, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1945–1962)
Luxembourg
- Monarch - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1919–1964)^[12]
- Prime Minister - Pierre Dupong, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1937–1953)^[13]
Monaco
- Monarch - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
- Head of Government -
  1. Jacques Rueff, Minister of State of Monaco (1949–1950)
  2. Pierre Voizard, Minister of State of Monaco (1950–1953)
Netherlands
- Monarch - Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands (1948–1980)
- Prime Minister - Willem Drees, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1948–1958)
Norway
- Monarch - Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957)^[14]
- Prime Minister - Einar Gerhardsen, Prime Minister of Norway (1945–1951)
Poland
- Communist Party Leader - Bolesław Bierut, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1948–1956)
- President - Bolesław Bierut, President of Poland (1944–1952)
- Premier - Józef Cyrankiewicz, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1947–1952)
Portugal
- President - Óscar Carmona, President of Portugal (1926–1951)
- Premier - António de Oliveira Salazar, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1932–1968)
Romania
- Communist Party Leader - Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, General Secretary of the Romanian Workers' Party (1945–1954)
- Head of State - Constantin Ion Parhon, Chairman of the Presidium of the Great National Assembly of Romania (1947–1952)
- Premier - Petru Groza, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1945–1952)
San Marino
- Captains Regent -
  1. Vincenzo Pedini and Agostino Biordi, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1949–March 1950)
  2. Giuseppe Forcellini and Primo Taddei, Captains Regent of San Marino (April–September 1950)
  3. Marino Della Balda and Luigi Montironi, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1950–March 1951)
Soviet Union
- Communist Party Leader - Joseph Stalin, Senior Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1953)
- Head of State - Nikolay Shvernik, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1946–1953)
- Premier - Joseph Stalin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1941–1953)
Spain
- Head of State - Francisco Franco, Head of State of Spain (1936–1975)
- Prime Minister - Francisco Franco, President of the Government of Spain (1938–1973)
Sweden
- Monarch -
  1. Gustaf V, King of Sweden (1907–1950)
  2. Gustaf VI Adolf, King of Sweden (1950–1973)
- Prime Minister - Tage Erlander, Prime Minister of Sweden (1946–1969)
Switzerland
- Federal Council:^[15]
  Philipp Etter (1934–1959), Enrico Celio (1940–1950), Eduard von Steiger (1940–1951), Karl Kobelt (1940–1954), Ernst Nobs (1943–1951), Max Petitpierre (1944–1961, President), Rodolphe Rubattel (1947–1954), Josef Escher (1950–1954)
Trieste
- Military Governor -
  - Zone A - Terence Airey, Governor of Zone A of Trieste (1947–1951)
  - Zone B - Mirko Lenac, Governor of Zone B of Trieste (1947–1951)
United Kingdom
- Monarch - George VI, King of the United Kingdom (1936–1952)
- Prime Minister - Clement Attlee, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1945–1951)
Vatican City
- Monarch - Pope Pius XII, Sovereign of Vatican City (1939–1958)
- Governor - Marquis Camillo Serafini, Governor of Vatican City (1929–1952)
- President of the Governorate - Cardinal Nicola Canali, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (1939–1961)
Yugoslavia
- Communist Party leader - Josip Broz Tito, General Secretary of the Yugoslav Communist Party (1936–1980)
- Head of State - Ivan Ribar, President of the Presidium of the National Assembly of Yugoslavia (1943–1953)
- Prime Minister - Josip Broz Tito, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1943–1963)

North America

Canada
- Monarch - George VI, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936–1952)
- Governor General - Harold Alexander, Viscount Alexander of Tunis, Governor General of Canada (1946–1952)
- Prime Minister - Louis St. Laurent, Prime Minister of Canada (1948–1957)
Costa Rica
- President - Otilio Ulate Blanco, President of Costa Rica (1949–1953)
Cuba
- President - Carlos Prío Socarrás, President of Cuba (1948–1952)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Manuel Antonio de Varona y Loredo, Prime Minister of Cuba (1948–1950)
  2. Félix Lancís Sánchez, Prime Minister of Cuba (1950–1951)
Dominican Republic
- De facto Head of State - Rafael Trujillo, de facto ruler of the Dominican Republic (1930–1961)
- President - Rafael Trujillo, President of the Dominican Republic (1942–1952)
El Salvador
- Head of State -
  1. Revolutionary Council of Government, Head of State of El Salvador (1948–1950)
  2. Óscar Osorio, President of El Salvador (1950–1956)
Guatemala
- President - Juan José Arévalo, President of Guatemala (1945–1951)
Haiti
- President -
  1. Dumarsais Estimé, President of Haiti (1946–1950)
  2. Franck Lavaud, Chairman of Government Junta of Haiti (1950)
  3. Paul Magloire, President of Haiti (1950–1956)
Honduras
- President - Juan Manuel Gálvez, President of Honduras (1949–1954)
Mexico
- President - Miguel Alemán Valdés, President of Mexico (1946–1952)
Nicaragua
- President -
  1. Víctor Manuel Román y Reyes, President of Nicaragua (1947–1950)
  2. Manuel Fernando Zurita, Acting President of Nicaragua (1950)
  3. Anastasio Somoza García, President of Nicaragua (1950–1956)
Panama
- President - Arnulfo Arias, President of Panama (1949–1951)
United States of America
- President - Harry S. Truman, President of the United States (1945–1953)

Oceania

Australia
- Monarch - George VI, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936–1952)
- Governor-General - William McKell, Governor-General of Australia (1947–1953)
- Prime Minister - Robert Menzies, Prime Minister of Australia (1949–1966)
New Zealand
- Monarch - George VI, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936–1952)
- Governor-General - Sir Bernard Freyberg, Governor-General of New Zealand (1946–1952)
- Prime Minister - Sidney Holland, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1949–1957)

South America

Argentina
- President - Juan Perón, President of Argentina (1946–1955)
Bolivia
- President - Mamerto Urriolagoitia, President of Bolivia (1949–1951)
Brazil
- President - Eurico Gaspar Dutra, President of Brazil (1946–1951)
Chile
- President - Gabriel González Videla, President of Chile (1946–1952)
Colombia
- President -
  1. Mariano Ospina Pérez, President of Colombia (1946–1950)
  2. Laureano Gómez, President of Colombia (1950–1951)
Ecuador
- President - Galo Plaza, President of Ecuador (1948–1952)
Paraguay
- President - Federico Chávez, President of Paraguay (1949–1954)
Peru
- President -
  1. Manuel A. Odría, President of Peru (1948–1950)
  2. Zenón Noriega Agüero, Chairman of the Military Junta of Peru (1950)
  3. Manuel A. Odría, President of Peru (1950–1956)
- Prime Minister - Zenón Noriega Agüero, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (1950–1954)
Uruguay
- President - Luis Batlle Berres, President of Uruguay (1947–1951)
Venezuela
- Head of State -
  1. Carlos Delgado Chalbaud, Chairman of the Military Junta of Venezuela (1948–1950)
  2. Germán Suárez Flamerich, Chairman of the Military Junta of Venezuela (1950–1952)

References

↑ In exile between 1936 and 1941.
↑ Ceylon only became independent in 1948.
↑ Tenzin Gyatso was only enthroned in 1950, Tibet accepted Chinese sovereignty in 1951, the Dalai Lama went into exile in 1959, and his political role in the government-in-exile ended in 2011.
↑ Continued in hiding after 1950.
↑ Jordan only became independent in 1946.
↑ North Korea only became independent in 1948.
↑ North Korea only became independent in 1948.
↑ Ibn Saud was Emir of Nejd and Hasa between 1902 and 1921, Sultan of Nejd between 1921 and 1927, King of Nejd between 1927 and 1932 additionally King of Hejaz between 1926 and 1932 (collectively referred to as King of Nejd and Hejaz), and King of Saudi Arabia from 1932.
↑ German prisoner between 1940 an 1945, in exile between 1945 and 1950.
↑ The Communist party only gained supreme power over the country in 1948.
↑ Björnsson was regent under the kingdom between 1941 and 1944.
↑ In exile between 1940 and 1945.
↑ In exile between 1940 and 1944.
↑ In exile between 1940 and 1945.
↑ The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state and the government of Switzerland. Within the Council, the President of the Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.

External links

Twentieth-century state leaders by year

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