United States congressional delegations from Montana

Current delegation
Tester
Senator Jon Tester
(D)
Daines
Senator Steve Daines
(R)

Zinke
Rep. Ryan Zinke
(R)
Montana's current delegation

Since Montana became a U.S. state in 1889, it has sent congressional delegations to the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. Each state elects two senators to serve for six years. Before the Seventeenth Amendment took effect in 1913, senators were elected by the Montana State Legislature. Members of the House of Representatives are elected to two-year terms, one from Montana's at-large congressional district. Before becoming a state, the Territory of Montana elected a non-voting delegate at-large to Congress from 1864 to 1889.

A total of 54 people have served either the Territory or State of Montana: 17 in the Senate, 32 in the House, and five in both houses. The longest-serving senator is Max Baucus, in office from 1978 to 2014. The longest-serving representative is Pat Williams, in office for 18 years from 1979 to 1997. One woman has been a member of Montana's congressional delegation, Jeannette Rankin, as a representative. She was the first woman in the United States Congress.

United States Senate

Each state elects two senators by statewide popular vote every six years. The terms of the two senators are staggered so that they are not elected in the same year. Montana's senators are elected in the years from classes I and II. Senators were originally chosen by the Montana House of Representatives until the Seventeenth Amendment came into force in 1913.[1][2]

There have been twenty-two senators elected from Montana, of whom fourteen have been Democrats and eight have been Republicans. Montana's current senators are Democratic Jon Tester, in office since 2007, and Steve Daines, in office since 2015. Tester was re-elected in 2012 with 48.58% of the vote,[3] and Daines was elected in 2014 with 57.9% of the vote.[4]

Upper-body portrait of a man in a suit.
Wilbur F. Sanders, Montana's first senator
Upper-body portrait of a man in a suit.
Conrad Burns, senator from Montana for 18 years
Upper-body portrait of a man in a suit.
Max Baucus, Montana's longest serving senator, in office from 1978 to 2014
Upper-body portrait of a man in a suit.
Steve Daines, Montana's newest senator
Class I Senators Congress Class II Senators
Wilbur F. Sanders (R) 51st (1889–1891) Thomas Charles Power (R)
52nd (1891–1893)
Vacant 1 53rd (1893–1895)
Lee Mantle1 (R)
54th (1895–1897) Thomas H. Carter (R)
55th (1897–1899)
William A. Clark3, 4 (D) 56th (1899–1901)
Paris Gibson5 (D) 57th (1901–1903) William A. Clark (D)
58th (1903–1905)
Thomas H. Carter (R) 59th (1905–1907)
60th (1907–1909) Joseph M. Dixon (R)
61st (1909–1911)
Henry L. Myers (D) 62nd (1911–1913)
63rd (1913–1915) Thomas J. Walsh6 (D)
64th (1915–1917)
65th (1917–1919)
66th (1919–1921)
67th (1921–1923)
Burton K. Wheeler (D) 68th (1923–1925)
69th (1925–1927)
70th (1927–1929)
71st (1929–1931)
72nd (1931–1933)
73rd (1933–1935) John E. Erickson7 (D)
James E. Murray (D)
74th (1935–1937)
75th (1937–1939)
76th (1939–1941)
77th (1941–1943)
78th (1943–1945)
79th (1945–1947)
Zales N. Ecton (R) 80th (1947–1949)
81st (1949–1951)
82nd (1951–1953)
Michael J. Mansfield (D) 83rd (1953–1955)
84th (1955–1957)
85th (1957–1959)
86th (1959–1961)
87th (1961–1963) Lee Metcalf6 (D)
88th (1963–1965)
89th (1965–1967)
90th (1967–1969)
91st (1969–1971)
92nd (1971–1973)
93rd (1973–1975)
94th (1975–1977)
John Melcher (D) 95th (1977–1979)
Paul G. Hatfield3 (D)
Max Baucus (D)
96th (1979–1981)
97th (1981–1983)
98th (1983–1985)
99th (1985–1987)
100th (1987–1989)
Conrad Burns (R) 101st (1989–1991)
102nd (1991–1993)
103rd (1993–1995)
104th (1995–1997)
105th (1997–1999)
106th (1999–2001)
107th (2001–2003)
108th (2003–2005)
109th (2005–2007)
Jon Tester (D) 110th (2007–2009)
111th (2009–2011)
112th (2011–2013)
113th (2013–2015) John Walsh (D)
114th (2015–2017) Steve Daines (R)

House of Representatives

Delegates from Montana Territory

The Territory of Montana was an organized incorporated territory of the United States formed on May 26, 1864. The territory initially consisted of present-day Montana. The boundaries of the territory did not change during its existence.

The territorial delegates were elected to two-year terms. Delegates were allowed to serve on committees, debate, and submit legislation, but were not permitted to vote on bills.[5] Delegates only served in the House of Representatives as there was no representation in the Senate until Montana became a state.

Upper-body portrait of a man in a suit.
Samuel McLean, Montana's first territorial delegate
Congress Delegate
38th (1863–1865) Samuel McLean (D)
39th (1865–1867)
40th (1867–1869) James M. Cavanaugh (D)
41st (1869–1871)
42nd (1871–1873) William H. Clagett
43rd (1873–1875) Martin Maginnis (D)
44th (1875–1877)
45th (1877–1879)
46th (1879–1881)
47th (1881–1883)
48th (1883–1885)
49th (1885–1887) Joseph Toole (D)
50th (1887–1889)
51st (1889–1891) Thomas H. Carter (R)

Members of the United States House of Representatives

Members of the House of Representatives are elected every two years by popular vote within a congressional district.[6] Montana currently has an at-large congressional district that represent the entire state. Every ten years, the number of congressional districts is reapportioned based on the state's population as determined by the United States Census;[7] Montana had had two districts from 1913 to 1993.

There have been 33 people, including just one woman, who have served as representatives from Montana: 15 Democrats, 17 Republicans and 1 Populist. Montana's current House delegation is Republican Ryan Zinke.

Upper-body portrait of a man in a suit.
Thomas H. Carter, Montana's first representative from the State of Montana
Upper-body portrait of a man in a suit.
John M. Evans, Montana representative
Upper-body portrait of a man in a suit.
Scott Leavitt, Montana representative
Upper-body portrait of a man in a suit.
Ron Marlenee, Montana representative
Upper-body portrait of a man.
Denny Rehberg, Montana representative
Congress At-large seats
1st seat 2nd seat
51st
(1889–1891)
Thomas H. Carter (R)
52nd
(1891–1893)
William W. Dixon (D)
53rd
(1893–1895)
Charles S. Hartman (R)
54th
(1895–1897)
55th
(1897–1899)
56th
(1899–1901)
Albert J. Campbell (D)
57th
(1901–1903)
Caldwell Edwards (Pop)
58th
(1903–1905)
Joseph M. Dixon (R)
59th
(1905–1907)
60th
(1907–1909)
Charles N. Pray (R)
61st
(1909–1911)
62nd
(1911–1913)
63rd
(1913–1915)
John M. Evans (D) Tom Stout (D)
64th
(1915–1917)
65th
(1917–1919)
Jeannette Rankin (R)
District
1st 2nd
66th
(1919–1921)
John M. Evans (D) Carl W. Riddick (R)
67th
(1921–1923)
Washington J. McCormick (R)
68th
(1923–1925)
John M. Evans (D) Scott Leavitt (R)
69th
(1925–1927)
70th
(1927–1929)
71st
(1929–1931)
72nd
(1931–1933)
73rd
(1933–1935)
Joseph P. Monaghan (D) Roy E. Ayers (D)
74th
(1935–1937)
75th
(1937–1939)
Jerry J. O'Connell (D) James F. O'Connor (D)
76th
(1939–1941)
Jacob Thorkelson (R)
77th
(1941–1943)
Jeannette Rankin (R)
78th
(1943–1945)
Mike Mansfield (D)
79th
(1945–1947)
Wesley A. D'Ewart (R)
80th
(1947–1949)
81st
(1949–1951)
82nd
(1951–1953)
83rd
(1953–1955)
Lee Metcalf (D)
84th
(1955–1957)
Orvin B. Fjare (R)
85th
(1957–1959)
LeRoy H. Anderson (D)
86th
(1959–1961)
87th
(1961–1963)
Arnold Olsen (D) James Franklin Battin (R)
88th
(1963–1965)
89th
(1965–1967)
90th
(1967–1969)
91st
(1969–1971)
John Melcher (D)
92nd
(1971–1973)
Richard G. Shoup (R)
93rd
(1973–1975)
94th
(1975–1977)
Max Baucus (D)
95th
(1977–1979)
Ron Marlenee (R)
96th
(1979–1981)
Pat Williams (D)
97th
(1981–1983)
98th
(1983–1985)
99th
(1985–1987)
100th
(1987–1989)
101st
(1989–1991)
102nd
(1991–1993)
At-large seat
103rd
(1993–1995)
Pat Williams (D)
104th
(1995–1997)
105th
(1997–1999)
Rick Hill (R)
106th
(1999–2001)
107th
(2001–2003)
Dennis Rehberg (R)
108th
(2003–2005)
109th
(2005–2007)
110th
(2007–2009)
111th
(2009–2011)
112th
(2011–2013)
113th
(2013–2015)
Steve Daines (R)
114th
(2015–2017)
Ryan Zinke (R)

Footnotes

  1. Seat was vacant due to failure of legislature to elect a senator by the beginning of the congress.
  2. Lee Mantle was appointed to fill the vacancy, but was not seated; he was later elected to the term.
  3. Resigned.
  4. William A. Clark was appointed to fill the vacancy caused by his own resignation, but did not qualify.
  5. Elected to fill the vacancy caused by the previous representative being elected to the next term, but vacating the seat before the term began.
  6. Died in office.
  7. Was appointed to the office, and was later replaced by an elected successor.

Living former Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Montana

As of April 2015, there are seven former members of the U.S. House of Representatives from the U.S. State of Montana who are currently living at this time.

Representative Term of office District Date of birth (and age)
John Melcher 1969–1977 2nd September 6, 1924
Max Baucus 1975–1978 1st December 11, 1941
Ron Marlenee 1977–1993 2nd August 8, 1935
Pat Williams 1979–1997 1st (1979–1993)
At-large (1993–1997)
October 30, 1937
Rick Hill 1997–2001 At-large December 30, 1946
Denny Rehberg 2001–2013 At-large October 5, 1955
Steve Daines 2013–2015 At-large August 20, 1962

Living former U.S. Senators from Montana

As of April 2015, there are four former U.S. Senators from the U.S. State of Montana who are currently living at this time, two from Class 1 and two from Class 2.

Senator Term of office Class Date of birth (and age)
John Melcher 1977–1989 1 September 6, 1924
Max Baucus 1978–2014 2 December 11, 1941
Conrad Burns 1989–2007 1 January 25, 1935
John Walsh 2014–2015 2 November 3, 1960

References

  1. U.S. Const. Art. I, § 3
  2. U.S. Const. Amendment XVII
  3. "2012 Statewide General Election Canvass, United States Senator" (PDF). State of Montana.
  4. "2014 Statewide General Election Canvass, United States Senator" (PDF). State of Montana.
  5. "Delegates to the U.S. Congress: History and Current Status" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Retrieved January 17, 2011.
  6. U.S. Const. Art. I, § 2
  7. "Decennial Census". American FactFinder. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
Key to party colors and abbreviations for members of the U.S. Congress
American (Know Nothing) (K-N)
Adams (A),
Anti-Jacksonian (Anti-J),
National Republican (NR)
Anti-Administration (Anti-Admin)
Anti-Masonic (Anti-M)
Conservative (Con)
Democratic (D)
Dixiecrat (Dix),
States' rights (SR)
Democratic-Republican (D-R)
Farmer–Labor (FL)
Federalist (F)
Free Soil (FS)
Free Silver (FSv)
Fusion (FU)
Greenback (GB)
Jacksonian (J)
Nonpartisan League (NPL)
Nullifier (N)
Opposition (O)
Populist (Pop)
Pro-Administration (Pro-Admin)
Progressive (Prog)
Prohibition (Proh)
Readjuster (Rea)
Republican (R)
Socialist (Soc)
Unionist (U)
Whig (W)
Independent,
None,
or Unaffiliated
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