13th United States Congress

13th United States Congress
12th   14th

The Capitol after the August 1814 burning of Washington, D.C., by the British in the War of 1812 (painting 1814 by George Munger)

Duration: March 4, 1813 – March 4, 1815

Senate President: Elbridge Gerry (until November 23, 1814)
Vacant (from November 23, 1814)
Senate Pres. pro tem: William H. Crawford
Joseph Bradley Varnum
John Gaillard
House Speaker: Henry Clay
Langdon Cheves
Members: 36 Senators
182 Representatives
4 Non-voting members
Senate Majority: Democratic-Republican
House Majority: Democratic-Republican

Sessions
1st: May 24, 1813 – August 2, 1813
2nd: December 6, 1813 – April 18, 1814
3rd: September 19, 1814 – March 3, 1815

The Thirteenth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1813, to March 4, 1815, during the fifth and sixth years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Third Census of the United States in 1810. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority. The first two sessions were held at the Capitol building while the third, convened after the Burning of Washington, took place in the First Patent Building.

Senate President
Elbridge Gerry
Elbridge Gerry,
until November 23, 1814
Vacant
Vacant,
from November 23, 1814
Senate Presidents pro tempore
William H. Crawford
William H. Crawford,
March 4, 1813 – March 23, 1813
Joseph B. Varnum
Joseph B. Varnum,
December 6, 1813 – February 3, 1814
Joseph B. Varnum
John Gaillard,
from November 25, 1814
House Speakers
Henry Clay
Henry Clay,
until January 19, 1814
Langdon Cheves
Langdon Cheves,
from January 19, 1814

Major events

After the Burning of Washington in August 1814, Congress convened its third session in the U.S. Patent Office building, located in Blodget's Hotel.
Main articles: 1813, 1814 and 1815

Major legislation

Treaties ratified

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

Party
(Shading shows control)
Total Vacant
Democratic-
Republican

(DR)
Federalist
(F)
End of the previous congress 30 6 36 0
Begin 27 6 33 3
End 24 11 351
Final voting share 68.6% 31.4%
Beginning of the next congress 21 12 33 3

House of Representatives

Following the 1810 census, the size of the House was increased to 182 seats from 142.

Party
(Shading shows control)
Total Vacant
Democratic-
Republican

(DR)
Federalist
(F)
End of the previous congress 105 36 141 1
Begin 108 68 176 6
End 115 67 1820
Final voting share 63.2% 36.8%
Beginning of the next congress 131 46 177 5

Leadership

Senate

House of Representatives

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1814; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1816; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1818.

Connecticut

Delaware

Georgia

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maryland

Massachusetts

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Tennessee

Vermont

Virginia

House of Representatives

Connecticut

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

Delaware

Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

Georgia

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maryland

The 5th district was a plural district with two representatives.

Massachusetts

New Hampshire

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

New Jersey

There were three plural districts, each had two representatives each.

New York

There were six plural districts, the 1st, 2nd, 12th, 15th, 20th & 21st, each had two representatives.

North Carolina

Ohio

Pennsylvania

There were six plural districts, the 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th & 10th had two representatives each, the 1st had four representatives.

Rhode Island

Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

South Carolina

Tennessee

Vermont

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

Virginia

Non-voting delegates

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

State
(class)
Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation
New Hampshire
(3)
Vacant Legislature had failed to elect a Senator.
Successor was appointed April 2, 1813 to continue the term.
Charles Cutts (DR) Appointed April 2, 1813
Maryland
(3)
Vacant Legislature had failed to elect a Senator.
Successor was elected late May 21, 1813 to finish the term.
Robert H. Goldsborough (F) Seated May 21, 1813
Delaware
(2)
Vacant James A. Bayard (F) resigned at the end of the previous Congress.
Successor elected May 28, 1813 to finish the term.
William H. Wells (F) Seated May 28, 1813
Georgia
(2)
William H. Crawford (DR) Resigned March 23, 1813.
Successor appointed April 8, 1813, to continue the term.
William Bulloch (DR) Seated April 8, 1813
Connecticut
(3)
Chauncey Goodrich (F) Resigned May 1813 to become Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut.
Successor elected May 13, 1813, to finish the term.
David Daggett (F) Seated May 13, 1813
Massachusetts
(1)
James Lloyd (F) Resigned May 1, 1813.
Successor elected May 5, 1813.
Christopher Gore (F) Seated May 5, 1813
New Hampshire
(3)
Charles Cutts (DR) Interim appointee was not elected.
Successor elected June 10, 1813.
Jeremiah Mason (F) Seated June 10, 1813
Georgia
(2)
William Bulloch (DR) Interim appointee was not elected to finish the term.
Successor elected November 6, 1813 to finish the term.
William W. Bibb (DR) Seated November 6, 1813
Tennessee
(2)
George W. Campbell (DR) Resigned February 11, 1814 after being appointed US Secretary of the Treasury.
Successor appointed March 17, 1814, to continue the term.
Jesse Wharton (DR) Seated March 17, 1814
Pennsylvania
(1)
Michael Leib (DR) Resigned February 14, 1814 after becoming Postmaster of Philadelphia.
Successor elected February 24, 1814, to finish term.
Jonathan Roberts (DR) Seated February 24, 1814
New Hampshire
(2)
Nicholas Gilman (DR) Died May 2, 1814.
Successor elected June 24, 1814, to finish the term.
Thomas W. Thompson (F) Seated June 24, 1814
Kentucky
(2)
George M. Bibb (DR) Resigned August 23, 1814.
Successor appointed August 30, 1814, to continue the term.
George Walker (DR) Seated August 30, 1814
Ohio
(1)
Thomas Worthington (DR) Resigned December 1, 1814 after being elected Governor.
Successor elected December 10, 1814, to finish the term ending.
Joseph Kerr (DR) Seated December 10, 1814
Kentucky
(2)
George Walker (DR) Interim appointee was not elected to finish term.
Successor elected December 16, 1814 to finish term.
William T. Barry (DR) Seated December 16, 1814
North Carolina
(3)
David Stone (DR) Resigned December 24, 1814.
Successor elected December 24, 1814, to finish the term, but failed to qualify.
Francis Locke, Jr. Never seated for failing to qualify
Kentucky
(3)
Jesse Bledsoe (DR) Resigned December 24, 1814.
Successor elected February 2, 1815, to finish the term.
Isham Talbot (DR) Seated February 2, 1815
Virginia
(1)
Richard Brent (DR) Died December 30, 1814.
Winner elected January 2, 1815, to finish term, having already won election to the next term.
James Barbour (DR) Seated January 2, 1815
Virginia
(2)
William B. Giles (DR) Resigned March 3, 1815.
Successor was not elected until the next Congress.
Vacant for remainder of this Congress.

House of Representatives


District Vacator Reason for change Successor Date successor
seated
Kentucky
8th
Vacant Rep.-elect John Simpson died before this Congress began Stephen Ormsby (DR) Seated May 28, 1813
Ohio
6th
Vacant Rep.-elect John Stark Edwards died before this Congress began Reasin Beall (DR) Seated June 8, 1813
Pennsylvania
15th
Vacant Rep.-elect Abner Lacock resigned before commencement of Congress after being elected US Senator Thomas Wilson (DR) Seated May 28, 1813
Pennsylvania
13th
Vacant Rep.-elect John Smilie died before this Congress began Isaac Griffin (DR) Seated May 24, 1813
New York
15th
Vacant Rep-elect William Dowse died on February 18, 1813 John M. Bowers (F) Seated June 21, 1813
Ohio
3rd
Vacant Duncan McArthur Resigned April 5, 1813, having not qualified William Creighton, Jr. (DR) Seated June 15, 1813
Pennsylvania
5th
Robert Whitehill (DR) Died April 8, 1813 John Rea (DR) Seated May 28, 1813
New York
2nd
Egbert Benson (F) Resigned August 2, 1813 William Irving (DR) Seated January 22, 1814
Pennsylvania
3rd
John Gloninger (F) Resigned August 2, 1813 Edward Crouch (DR) Seated December 6, 1813
Pennsylvania
7th
John M. Hyneman (DR) Resigned August 2, 1813 Daniel Udree (DR) Seated December 6, 1813
Illinois Territory
At-large
Shadrach Bond Until August 2, 1813 Benjamin Stephenson Seated November 14, 1814
Georgia
At-large
William W. Bibb (DR) Resigned November 6, 1813, after being elected to US Senate Alfred Cuthbert (DR) Seated February 7, 1814
New York
15th
John M. Bowers (F) Contested election, Bowers ousted on December 20, 1813 Isaac Williams, Jr. (DR) Seated January 24, 1814
Tennessee
5th
Felix Grundy (DR) Resigned sometime in 1814 Newton Cannon (DR) Seated October 15, 1814
Kentucky
2nd
Henry Clay (DR) Resigned January 19, 1814 Joseph H. Hawkins (DR) Seated March 29, 1814
Massachusetts
12th
Daniel Dewey (F) Resigned February 24, 1814, after being appointed Associate Judge of Massachusetts Supreme Court John W. Hulbert (F) Seated September 26, 1814
Pennsylvania
2nd
Jonathan Roberts (DR) Resigned February 24, 1814, after being elected US Senator Samuel Henderson (F) Seated November 29, 1814
Virginia
11th
John Dawson (DR) Died March 31, 1814 Philip Barbour (DR) Seated September 19, 1814
Massachusetts
4th
William M. Richardson (DR) Resigned April 18, 1814 Samuel Dana (DR) Seated September 22, 1814
New Jersey
3rd
Jacob Hufty (F) Died May 20, 1814 Thomas Bines (DR) Seated November 2, 1814
Ohio
6th
Reasin Beall (DR) Resigned June 7, 1814 David Clendenin (DR) Seated December 22, 1814
Pennsylvania
3rd
James Whitehill (DR) Resigned September 1, 1814 Amos Slaymaker (F) Seated December 12, 1814
Missouri Territory
At-large
Edward Hempstead Until September 17, 1814 Rufus Easton Seated November 16, 1814

Employees

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

References

  1. Guide to US Elections II (Sixth ed.). Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. 2010. p. 1421. ISBN 978-1-60426-536-1.

External links

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