German submarine U-93 (1940)
| History | |
|---|---|
 Nazi Germany
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| Name: | U-93 |
| Ordered: | 30 May 1938 |
| Builder: | Germaniawerft, Kiel |
| Yard number: | 598 |
| Laid down: | 9 September 1939 |
| Launched: | 8 June 1940 |
| Commissioned: | 30 August 1940 |
| Fate: | Sunk 15 January 1942 in the Atlantic west of Cape St. Vincent[1] |
| General characteristics | |
| Class & type: | Type VIIC submarine |
| Displacement: |
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| Length: |
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| Beam: |
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| Height: | 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in) |
| Draught: | 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in) |
| Installed power: |
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| Propulsion: |
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| Range: | |
| Test depth: |
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| Complement: | 4 officers, 40–56 enlisted |
| Armament: |
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| Service record | |
| Commanders: |
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| Operations: |
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| Victories: | Eight ships sunk; 43,392 GRT |
German submarine U-93 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was laid down on 9 September 1939 at the F. Krupp Germaniawerft in Kiel as yard number 598, launched on 8 June 1940 and commissioned on 30 July 1940 under Kapitänleutnant Claus Korth.
She sank eight ships of 43,392 gross register tons (GRT) in seven patrols but was herself sunk by a British destroyer in January 1942.
Design
German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-93 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged.[2] She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8–27 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).[2]
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph).[2] When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-93 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and an anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.[2]
Service history
The boat's first patrol was preceded by a trip from Kiel to Kristiansand in Norway.
1st patrol
She left the Norwegian port on 9 September 1940, heading for St. Nazaire in France which she reached, via the North Sea and the gap between the Faroe and Shetland Islands, on 25 October.
On the way, she sank the Hurunui on the 15th, 120 nautical miles (220 km; 140 mi) west of the Butt of Lewis, (the most northerly point of the Isle of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides). Two crew members died, but there were 73 survivors. She was also attacked three times in one day (17 October), twice by ships and once by an aircraft; no damage was caused. She sank the Dokka south of Iceland on the 17th: The survivors were then questioned by the Germans (a fairly common practice). They said that the sunken ship was the Cukna, but Korth saw through this ruse de guerre. U-93 was forced to dive by the presence and gunfire of HMS Folkestone.
After that, the boat headed for mid-ocean before docking at her French Atlantic base.
2nd, 3rd and 4th patrols
U-93's second voyage was uneventful, but during her third sortie she sank the Dione II with gunfire, northwest of Northern Ireland. She was also attacked by an Armstrong Whitworth Whitley of No. 502 Squadron RAF. The damage was such that the boat required repairs lasting three months.
The submarine's fourth patrol, which commenced on 12 July 1941, was disrupted when three men were wounded in an accident involving a machine gun. Nevertheless, she sank the Elusa on 21 May south southeast of Cape Farewell (Greenland).
5th and 6th patrols
Her fifth patrol took her as far south as a point west of Western Sahara. She was unsuccessfully bombed on the return journey west of Cape St. Vincent in Portugal
The boat's sixth patrol was to an area east of Newfoundland and Labrador on the Canadian side of the Atlantic.
Fate
Her seventh and final sortie began with her departure from St. Nazaire on 23 December 1941. She was sunk by depth charges dropped by HMS Hesperus between Portugal and the Azores on 15 January 1942.
Wolfpacks
U-93 took part in five wolfpacks, namely,
- West (8–26 May 1941)
- Süd (22 July – 5 August 1941)
- Schlagetot (23 October – 1 November 1941)
- Raubritter (1–8 November 1941)
- Seydlitz (27 December 1941 – 15 January 1942)
Summary of raiding history
| Date | Name | Nationality | Tonnage (GRT) |
Fate[3] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 October 1940 | Hurunui |  United Kingdom |
9,331 | Sunk |
| 17 October 1940 | Dokka |  Norway |
1,168 | Sunk |
| 17 October 1940 | Uskbridge | United Kingdom |
2,715 | Sunk |
| 29 January 1941 | Aikatern |  Greece |
4,929 | Sunk |
| 29 January 1941 | King Robert | United Kingdom |
5,886 | Sunk |
| 29 January 1941 | W.B. Walker | United Kingdom |
10,468 | Sunk |
| 4 February 1941 | Dione II | United Kingdom |
2,660 | Sunk |
| 21 May 1941 | Elusa |  Netherlands |
6,235 | Sunk |
References
- ↑ Kemp, Paul (1997). U-Boats Destroyed, German Submarine Losses in the World Wars. Arms and Armour. p. 78. ISBN 1-85409-515-3.
- 1 2 3 4 Gröner 1991, pp. 43-46.
- ↑ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by U-93". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
Bibliography
- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German) IV (Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler). ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
- Edwards, Bernard (1996). Dönitz and the Wolf Packs - The U-boats at War. Cassell Military Classics. p. 35. ISBN 0-304-35203-9.
- Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel (London: Conway Maritime Press). ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
External links
- Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VIIC boat U-93". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
- Hofmann, Markus. "U 93". Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de (in German). Retrieved 26 December 2014.
Coordinates: 36°10′N 15°52′W / 36.167°N 15.867°W