United States Senate elections, 1806 and 1807

Dates vary by state

11 of the 34 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections) 18 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Party	Democratic-Republican	Federalist
Last election	27 seats (79.4%)	7 seats (20.6%)
Seats before	27 (79.4%)	7 (20.6%)
Seats won	28 (82.4%)	6 (17.6%)
Seat change	1	1
Seats up	9	2

Majority party before election

Democratic-Republican

Elected Majority party

Democratic-Republican

The United States Senate election of 1806 and 1807 were elections that had the Democratic-Republican Party increase its overwhelming control of the Senate by one additional Senator. The Federalists went into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats (7 out of 34, or 21%) that even if they had won every election, they would have still remained a minority caucus. As it was, however, they lost one of the two seats they were defending and picked up no gains from their opponents.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by state legislatures.

Senate Party Division, 10th Congress (1807–1809)

Majority Party: Democratic-Republican (28)
Minority Party: Federalist (6)
Other Parties: 0
Total Seats: 34

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

DR₂₇	DR₂₆	DR₂₅	DR₂₄	DR₂₃	DR₂₂	DR₂₁	DR₂₀	DR₁₉
DR₇	DR₆	DR₅	DR₄	DR₃	DR₂	DR₁
DR₈	DR₉	DR₁₀	DR₁₁	DR₁₂	DR₁₃	DR₁₄	DR₁₅	DR₁₆	DR₁₇
Majority →									DR₁₈
F₇	F₆	F₅	F₄	F₃	F₂	F₁

Beginning of the next Congress

DR₂₇ Hold	DR₂₆ Hold	DR₂₅ Hold	DR₂₄ Re-elected	DR₂₃ Re-elected	DR₂₂ Re-elected	DR₂₁ Re-elected	DR₂₀ Re-elected	DR₁₉ Re-elected
DR₇	DR₆	DR₅	DR₄	DR₃	DR₂	DR₁
DR₈	DR₉	DR₁₀	DR₁₁	DR₁₂	DR₁₃	DR₁₄	DR₁₅	DR₁₆	DR₁₇
Majority →									DR₁₈
DR₂₈ Gain	F₆ Re-elected	F₅	F₄	F₃	F₂	F₁

Key:

DR_#	Democratic-Republican
F_#	Federalist
V_#	Vacant

Race summaries

Bold states link to specific election articles.

Special elections during the preceding Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1806 or before March 4, 1807; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Georgia (Class 3)	James Jackson	Democratic-Republican	1793 (Class 2) Resigned in 1795 1801	Incumbent died March 19, 1806. Winner elected June 19, 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ John Milledge (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Kentucky (Class 3)	John Adair	Democratic-Republican	1805 (Special)	Incumbent resigned November 18, 1806 after losing the election to the next term. Winner elected November 19, 1806, despite being younger than the constitutional age minimum. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Henry Clay (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland (Class 3)	Robert Wright	Democratic-Republican	1801 (Special)	Incumbent resigned November 12, 1806 (as well as to the next term, see below). Winner elected November 25, 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Philip Reed (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Races leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1807; ordered by state.

All the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Connecticut	Uriah Tracy	Federalist	1796 (Special) 1801	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Uriah Tracy (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia	John Milledge	Democratic- Republican	1806 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John Milledge (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Kentucky	Henry Clay	Democratic- Republican	1806 (Special)	Incumbent retired. Winner elected. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ John Pope (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland	Philip Reed	Democratic- Republican	1797 (Special)	Incumbent elected November 25, 1806, as well as being elected to finish the preceding term.	√ Philip Reed (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Hampshire	William Plumer	Federalist	1802 (Special)	Incumbent retired. Winner elected in 1807. Democratic-Republican gain.	√ Nahum Parker (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New York	John Smith	Democratic- Republican	1804 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John Smith (Democratic-Republican), Unopposed
North Carolina	David Stone	Democratic- Republican	1800	Incumbent retired to return to the State Superior Court, and then resigned early (February 17, 1807) Winner elected in 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Jesse Franklin (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Ohio	Thomas Worthington	Democratic- Republican	1803	Incumbent retired.[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Winner elected in 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Edward Tiffin (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Pennsylvania	George Logan	Democratic- Republican	1801 (Appointed) 1801 (Special)	Incumbent retired. Winner elected in 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Andrew Gregg (Democratic-Republican) 49.11% Nathaniel Boileau (Democratic-Republican) 35.71% John Steele (Democratic-Republican) 12.5% Not voting 2.68%
South Carolina	John Gaillard	Democratic- Republican	1804 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John Gaillard (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Vermont	Stephen R. Bradley	Democratic- Republican	1791 Lost in 1795 1801 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Stephen R. Bradley (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Special elections during the next Congress

In this special election, the winner was seated in 1807 after March 4; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Vermont (Class 1)	Israel Smith	Democratic-Republican	1803	Incumbent resigned October 1, 1807. Winner elected October 10, 1807. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Jonathan Robinson (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Connecticut (Class 3)	Uriah Tracy	Federalist	1796 (Special) 1801 1807	Incumbent died July 19, 1807. Winner elected October 25, 1807. Federalist hold.	√ Chauncey Goodrich (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Rhode Island (Class 2)	James Fenner	Democratic-Republican	1805	Incumbent resigned September 1807. Winner elected October 26, 1807. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Elisha Mathewson (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia (Class 2)	George Jones	Democratic-Republican	1807 (Appointed)	Predecessor Abraham Baldwin (DR) had died March 4, 1807. Incumbent appointee did not seek election. Winner elected November 7, 1807. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ William H. Crawford (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

References

Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov

United States Senate elections

1788/89 1790/91 1792/93 1794/95 1796/97 1798/99 1800/01 1802/03 1804/05 1806/07 1808/09 1810/11 1812/13 1814/15 1816/17 1818/19 1820/21 1822/23 1824/25 1826/27 1828/29 1830/31 1832/33 1834/35 1836/37 1838/39 1840/41 1842/43 1844/45 1846/47 1848/49 1850/51 1852/53 1854/55 1856/57 1858/59 1860/61 1862/63 1864/65 1866 1868 1870 1872 1874 1876 1878/79 1880 1882 1884 1886 1888/89 1890 1892 1894 1896 1898 1900 1902 1904 1906 1908 1910 1912/13 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 1940 1942 1944 1946 1948 1950 1952 1954 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

Special elections Election disputes Results by state List of elections in the United States House elections Presidential elections Gubernatorial elections

United States Congress

Members and leaders

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Leaders

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Other
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Privileges and benefits	Salaries Franking Immunity

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Senate-specific	Advice and consent Classes Executive communication Executive session Filibuster Jefferson's Manual Journal Nuclear option Presiding Officer Recess appointment Riddick's Senate Procedure Senate hold Senatorial courtesy Seniority Standing Rules Tie-breaking votes Traditions Treaty Clause

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Websites: House of Representatives; Senate

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