32nd United States Congress

32nd United States Congress


31st ←	→ 33rd
United States Capitol (1846)
Duration: March 4, 1851 – March 4, 1853

Senate President:	Vacant
Senate Pres. pro tem:	William R. King David R. Atchison
House Speaker:	Linn Boyd
Members:	62 Senators 233 Representatives 4 Non-voting members
Senate Majority:	Democratic
House Majority:	Democratic

Sessions
Special: March 4, 1851 – March 13, 1851 1st: December 1, 1851 – August 31, 1852 2nd: December 6, 1852 – March 4, 1853

The Thirty-second United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1851 to March 4, 1853, during the third and fourth years of Millard Fillmore's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Sixth Census of the United States in 1840. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

Major events

Uncle Tom's Cabin was published in 1852

Main articles: 1851 in the United States, 1852 in the United States and 1853 in the United States

March 20, 1852: Uncle Tom's Cabin published
July 1, 1852: Henry Clay was the first to lie in state in the United States Capitol rotunda
November 2, 1852: U.S. presidential election, 1852: Democrat Franklin Pierce defeated Whig Winfield Scott

Major legislation

Main article: Major legislation: 32nd United States Congress

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Territories organized

March 2, 1853: Washington Territory was formed from Oregon Territory.

Party summary

Senate

	Party (Shading shows control)			Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Free Soil (FS)	Whig (W)
End of the previous congress	36	2	24	62	0

Begin	34	2	21	57	5
End	35	3	23	61	1
Final voting share	7001574000000000000♠57.4%	7000490000000000000♠4.9%	7001377000000000000♠37.7%

Beginning of the next congress	36	3	22	61	2

House of Representatives

	Party (Shading indicates majority caucus)								Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Independent Democratic (ID)	Free Soil (FS)	States' Rights (SR)	Constitutional Unionist (CU)	Whig (W)	Independent Whig (IW)	Other
End of previous Congress	113	0	9	0	0	107	0	2	231	2

Begin	130	3	3	3	10	85	1	0	235	0
End	128	3	3	3	10	86	1	0	234	1
Final voting share	54.7%	1.3%	1.3%	1.3%	4.3%	36.8%	0.4%	0.0%

Beginning of next Congress	158	1	3	0	0	71	0	1	234	0

Leadership

Senate Presidents pro Tempore

William R. King (D)
(until December 20, 1852)

David R. Atchison (D)
(from December 20, 1852)

Senate

President: Vacant (since the ascension of Millard Fillmore to U.S. President on July 9, 1850)
President pro tempore: William R. King (D), until December 20, 1852
- David R. Atchison (D), from December 20, 1852

House of Representatives

Speaker: Linn Boyd (D)

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1856; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1852; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1854.

Alabama

3. William R. D. King (D), until December 20, 1852
- Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D), from January 14, 1853
2. Jeremiah Clemens (D)

Arkansas

3. Solon Borland (D)
2. William K. Sebastian (D)

California

3. William M. Gwin (D)
1. John B. Weller (D), from January 30, 1852

Connecticut

3. Truman Smith (W)
1. Isaac Toucey (D), from May 12, 1852

Delaware

2. Presley Spruance (W)
1. James A. Bayard, Jr. (D)

Florida

3. Jackson Morton (W)
1. Stephen R. Mallory (D)

Georgia

2. John Macpherson Berrien (W), until May 28, 1852
- Robert M. Charlton (D), from May 31, 1852
3. William C. Dawson (W)

Illinois

2. Stephen A. Douglas (D)
3. James Shields (D)

Indiana

1. Jesse D. Bright (D)
3. James Whitcomb (D), until October 4, 1852
- Charles W. Cathcart (D), from December 6, 1852 until January 18, 1853
- John Pettit (D), from January 18, 1853

Iowa

3. Augustus C. Dodge (D)
2. George W. Jones (D)

Kentucky

2. Joseph R. Underwood (W)
3. Henry Clay (W), until June 29, 1852
- David Meriwether (D), from July 6, 1852 until August 31, 1852
- Archibald Dixon (W), from September 1, 1852

Massachusetts

2. John Davis (W)
1. Charles Sumner (FS), from April 24, 1851

Michigan

1. Lewis Cass (D)
2. Alpheus Felch (D)

Mississippi

2. Henry S. Foote (D), until January 8, 1852
- Walker Brooke (W), from February 18, 1852
1. Jefferson Davis (D), until September 23, 1851
- John J. McRae (D), from December 1, 1851 until March 17, 1852
- Stephen Adams (D), from March 17, 1852

Missouri

3. David R. Atchison (D)
1. Henry S. Geyer (W)

New Hampshire

2. John P. Hale (FS)
3. Moses Norris, Jr. (D)

New Jersey

2. Jacob W. Miller (W)
1. Robert F. Stockton (D), until January 1, 1853

New York

3. William H. Seward (W)
1. Hamilton Fish (W), from March 19, 1851

North Carolina

2. Willie P. Mangum (W)
3. George E. Badger (W)

Ohio

3. Salmon P. Chase (FS)
1. Benjamin F. Wade (W), from March 15, 1851

Pennsylvania

3. James Cooper (W)
1. Richard Brodhead (D)

Rhode Island

2. John H. Clarke (W)
1. Charles T. James (D)

South Carolina

3. Andrew P. Butler (D)
2. R. Barnwell Rhett (D), until May 7, 1852
- William F. De Saussure (D), from May 10, 1852

Tennessee

2. John Bell (W)
1. James C. Jones (W)

Texas

2. Samuel Houston (D)
1. Thomas J. Rusk (D)

Vermont

3. William Upham (W), until January 14, 1853
- Samuel S. Phelps (W), from January 17, 1853
1. Solomon Foot (W)

Virginia

1. James M. Mason (D)
2. Robert M. T. Hunter (D)

Wisconsin

1. Henry Dodge (D)
3. Isaac P. Walker (D)

House of Representatives

Speaker of the House
Linn Boyd

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

Arkansas

At-large. Robert W. Johnson (D)

California

Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

At-large. Edward C. Marshall (D)
At-large. Joseph W. McCorkle (D)

Connecticut

Delaware

At-large. George Read Riddle (D)

Florida

At-large. Edward C. Cabell (W)

1. Bernhart Henn (D)
2. Lincoln Clark (D)

Kentucky

1. Linn Boyd (D)
2. Benjamin E. Grey (W)
3. Presley U. Ewing (W)
4. William T. Ward (W)
5. James W. Stone (D)
6. Addison White (W)
7. Humphrey Marshall (W), until August 4, 1852
- William Preston (W), from December 6, 1852
8. John C. Breckinridge (D)
9. John C. Mason (D)
10. Richard H. Stanton (D)

Louisiana

Maine

1. Moses MacDonald (D)
2. John Appleton (D)
3. Robert Goodenow (W)
4. Charles Andrews (D), until April 30, 1852
- Isaac Reed (W), from June 25, 1852
5. Ephraim K. Smart (D)
6. Israel Washburn, Jr. (W)
7. Thomas J. D. Fuller (D)

Maryland

Massachusetts

1. William Appleton (W)
2. Robert J. Rantoul, Jr. (D), until August 7, 1852
- Francis B. Fay (W), from December 13, 1852
3. James H. Duncan (W)
4. Benjamin Thompson (W), until September 24, 1852
- Lorenzo Sabine (W), from December 13, 1852
5. Charles Allen (FS)
6. George T. Davis (W)
7. John Z. Goodrich (W)
8. Horace Mann (FS)
9. Orin Fowler (W), until September 3, 1852
- Edward P. Little (D), from December 13, 1852
10. Zeno Scudder (W)

1. John G. Floyd (D)
2. Obadiah Bowne (W)
3. Emanuel B. Hart (D)
4. J. H. Hobart Haws (W)
5. George Briggs (W)
6. James Brooks (W)
7. Abraham P. Stephens (D)
8. Gilbert Dean (D)
9. William Murray (D)
10. Marius Schoonmaker (W)
11. Josiah Sutherland (D)
12. David L. Seymour (D)
13. John L. Schoolcraft (W)
14. John H. Boyd (W)
15. Joseph Russell (D)
16. John Wells (W)
17. Alexander H. Buell (D), until January 29, 1853
18. Preston King (D)
19. Willard Ives (D)
20. Timothy Jenkins (D)
21. William W. Snow (D)
22. Henry Bennett (W)
23. Leander Babcock (D)
24. Daniel T. Jones (D)
25. Thomas Y. Howe, Jr. (D)
26. Henry S. Walbridge (W)
27. William A. Sackett (W)
28. Abraham M. Schermerhorn (W)
29. Jerediah Horsford (W)
30. Reuben Robie (D)
31. Frederick S. Martin (W)
32. Solomon G. Haven (W)
33. Augustus P. Hascall (W)
34. Lorenzo Burrows (W)

1. George G. King (W)
2. Benjamin B. Thurston (D)

1. Richardson A. Scurry (D)
2. Volney E. Howard (D)

Vermont

Virginia

1. John S. Millson (D)
2. Richard K. Meade (D)
3. Thomas H. Averett (D)
4. Thomas S. Bocock (D)
5. Paulus Powell (D)
6. John S. Caskie (D)
7. Thomas H. Bayly (D)
8. Alexander R. Holladay (D)
9. James F. Strother (W)
10. Charles J. Faulkner (W)
11. John Letcher (D)
12. Henry A. Edmundson (D)
13. LaFayette McMullen (D)
14. James M. H. Beale (D)
15. George W. Thompson (D), until July 30, 1852
- Sherrard Clemens (D), from December 6, 1852

Wisconsin

Non-voting members

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

replacements: 8
- Democrats (D): 1 seat net gain
- Whigs (W): 1 seat net loss
deaths: 3
resignations: 6
interim appointments: 3
Total seats with changes: 13

State (class)	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation
Ohio (1)	Vacant	Failure to elect. The winner was elected late on March 15, 1851 on the 37th ballot over the incumbent appointee.^[1] Successor was elected March 15, 1851.	Benjamin Wade (W)	Elected March 15, 1851
New York (1)	Vacant	Failure to elect. Successor was elected March 19, 1851.	Hamilton Fish (W)	Elected March 19, 1851
Massachusetts (1)	Vacant	Failure to elect. Successor was elected April 24, 1851.	Charles Sumner (FS)	Elected April 24, 1851
California (1)	Vacant	Failure to elect. Successor was elected January 30, 1852.	John B. Weller (D)	Elected January 30, 1852
Connecticut (1)	Vacant	Failure to elect. Successor was elected May 12, 1852.	Isaac Toucey (D)	Seated May 12, 1852
Mississippi (1)	Jefferson Davis (D)	Resigned September 23, 1851 to run for Governor of Mississippi. Successor appointed December 1, 1851.	John J. McRae (D)	Appointed December 1, 1851
Mississippi (2)	Henry S. Foote (D)	Resigned January 8, 1852 to become Governor of Mississippi. Successor elected February 18, 1852.	Walker Brooke (W)	Elected February 18, 1852
Mississippi (1)	John J. McRae (D)	Appointee was replaced by an elected successor. Successor elected March 17, 1852.	Stephen Adams (D)	Elected March 17, 1852
South Carolina (2)	Robert Rhett (D)	Resigned May 7, 1852. Successor appointed May 10, 1852, and elected sometime thereafter to finish the term.	William F. De Saussure (D)	Appointed May 10, 1852
Georgia (2)	John M. Berrien (W)	Resigned May 28, 1852. Successor appointed May 31, 1852 to finish the term.	Robert M. Charlton (D)	Appointed May 31, 1852
Kentucky (3)	Henry Clay (W)	Died June 29, 1852. Successor appointed July 6, 1852.	David Meriwether (D)	Appointed July 6, 1852
Indiana (3)	James Whitcomb (D)	Died October 4, 1852. Successor appointed December 6, 1852.	Charles W. Cathcart (D)	Appointed December 6, 1852
Kentucky (3)	David Meriwether (D)	Appointee was replaced by an elected successor. Successor elected September 1, 1852.	Archibald Dixon (W)	Elected September 1, 1852
Alabama (3)	William R. King (D)	Resigned December 20, 1852 due to ill health. Successor appointed January 14, 1853, and elected December 12, 1853^[2] thereafter to finish the term.	Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D)	Appointed January 14, 1853
New Jersey (1)	Robert F. Stockton (D)	Resigned January 1, 1853 to become president of the Delaware and Raritan Canal Company. Successor was not elected until the next Congress.	Vacant	Not filled this term
Vermont (3)	William Upham (W)	Died January 14, 1853. Successor appointed January 17, 1853 to continue the term.	Samuel S. Phelps (W)	Appointed January 17, 1853
Indiana (3)	Charles W. Cathcart (D)	Appointee was replaced by an elected successor. Successor elected January 18, 1853.	John Pettit (D)	Elected January 18, 1853

House of Representatives

replacements: 6
- Democrats (D): 1 seat net loss
- Whigs (W): 1 seat net gain
deaths: 2
resignations: 5
Total seats with changes: 7

Main article: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

District	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date successor seated
Maine 4th	Charles Andrews (D)	Died April 30, 1852	Isaac Reed (W)	Seated June 25, 1852
Virginia 15th	George W. Thompson (D)	Resigned July 30, 1852 after being appointed judge of the Circuit Court of Virginia	Sherrard Clemens (D)	Seated December 6, 1852
Kentucky 7th	Humphrey Marshall (W)	Resigned August 4, 1852 after being appointed Minister to China	William Preston (W)	Seated December 6, 1852
Massachusetts 2nd	Robert Rantoul, Jr. (D)	Died August 7, 1852	Francis B. Fay (W)	Seated December 13, 1852
Massachusetts 9th	Orin Fowler (W)	Died September 3, 1852	Edward P. Little (D)	Seated December 13, 1852
Massachusetts 4th	Benjamin Thompson (W)	Died September 24, 1852	Lorenzo Sabine (W)	Seated December 13, 1852
New York 17th	Alexander H. Buell (D)	Died January 29, 1853	Vacant	Not filled this term

Employees

Architect of the Capitol: Thomas U. Walter, appointed June 11, 1851

Senate

Chaplain: Clement M. Butler (Episcopalian)
Secretary: Asbury Dickens elected December 12, 1836
Sergeant at Arms: Robert Beale, elected December 9, 1845

House of Representatives

Chaplain: Littleton F. Morgan (Methodist), elected December 1, 1851
- James Gallagher (Presbyterian), elected December 6, 1852
Clerk: John W. Forney
Doorkeeper: Zadock W. McKnew
Sergeant at Arms: Adam J. Glossbrenner
Postmaster: John M. Johnson

References

↑ Taylor, William Alexander; Taylor, Aubrey Clarence (1899). Ohio statesmen and annals of progress: from the year 1788 to the year 1900 .. State of Ohio. p. 240.
↑ Byrd, Robert C.; Wolff, Wendy (October 1, 1993). "The Senate, 1789-1989: Historical Statistics, 1789-1992" (volume 4 Bicentennial ed.). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 76.

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

External links

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