Xamoterol

Xamoterol
Systematic (IUPAC) name

(RS)-N-(2-{[2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl]amino}ethyl)morpholine-4-carboxamide
Identifiers
CAS Number	81801-12-9^N
ATC code	C01CX07 (WHO)
PubChem	CID 155774
IUPHAR/BPS	538
ChemSpider	137213^Y
UNII	7HE0JQL703^Y
KEGG	D06328^Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL75753^Y
Chemical data
Formula	C₁₆H₂₅N₃O₅
Molar mass	339.387 g/mol
SMILES O=C(NCCNCC(O)COc1ccc(O)cc1)N2CCOCC2
InChI InChI=1S/C16H25N3O5/c20-13-1-3-15(4-2-13)24-12-14(21)11-17-5-6-18-16(22)19-7-9-23-10-8-19/h1-4,14,17,20-21H,5-12H2,(H,18,22)^Y Key:DXPOSRCHIDYWHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y
^NY (what is this?) (verify)

Xamoterol is a cardiac stimulant. It works by binding to the β₁ adrenergic receptor. It is a 3rd generation adrenergic β receptor partial agonist.^[1] It provides cardiac stimulation at rest but it acts as a blocker during exercise.^[2]

References

↑ Marlow, HF (1989). "Xamoterol, a β₁-adrenoceptor partial agonist: review of the clinical efficacy in heart failure" (PDF). British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 28 Suppl 1: 23S–30S. PMID 2572251. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
↑ Rang, H.P.; Dale, M.M.; Ritter, J.M.; Moore, P.K. (1999). Pharmacology (5th ed.). Edinburgh; New York: Churchill Livingstone. p. 163. ISBN 0443059748. |access-date= requires |url= (help)

Adrenergics

Receptor ligands

α₁

Agonists 6-FNE Amidephrine Anisodine Buspirone Cirazoline Corbadrine Dipivefrine Dopamine Ephedrine Epinephrine Etilefrine Ethylnorepinephrine Indanidine Metaraminol Methoxamine Methyldopa Midodrine Naphazoline Norepinephrine Octopamine (drug) Oxymetazoline Phenylephrine Phenylpropanolamine Pseudoephedrine Synephrine Tetrahydrozoline Tiamenidine Xylometazoline

Antagonists Abanoquil Adimolol Ajmalicine Alfuzosin Amosulalol Anisodamine Arotinolol Atiprosin Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone) Benoxathian Buflomedil Bunazosin Carvedilol Corynanthine Dapiprazole Domesticine Doxazosin Ergolines (e.g., ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, lisuride, terguride) Etoperidone Eugenodilol Fenspiride Hydroxyzine Indoramin Ketanserin L-765,314 Labetalol mCPP Mepiprazole Metazosin Monatepil Moxisylyte Naftopidil Nantenine Nefazodone Neldazosin Niaprazine Nicergoline Niguldipine Pardoprunox Pelanserin Phendioxan Phenoxybenzamine Phentolamine Piperoxan Prazosin Quinazosin Ritanserin Silodosin Spiperone Talipexole Tamsulosin Terazosin Tiodazosin Tolazoline Trazodone Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine, maprotiline, mianserin) Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, clomipramine, doxepin, imipramine, trimipramine) Trimazosin Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, loxapine, thioridazine) Urapidil WB-4101 Zolertine

α₂

Agonists (R)-3-Nitrobiphenyline 4-NEMD 6-FNE Amitraz Apraclonidine Brimonidine Cannabivarin Clonidine Corbadrine Detomidine Dexmedetomidine Dihydroergotamine Dipivefrine Dopamine Ephedrine Ergotamine Epinephrine Etilefrine Ethylnorepinephrine Guanabenz Guanfacine Guanoxabenz Lofexidine Medetomidine Methamphetamine Methyldopa Mivazerol Naphazoline Norepinephrine Oxymetazoline Phenylpropanolamine Piperoxan Pseudoephedrine Rilmenidine Romifidine Talipexole Tetrahydrozoline Tiamenidine Tizanidine Tolonidine Urapidil Xylazine Xylometazoline

Antagonists 1-PP Adimolol Aptazapine Atipamezole Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., asenapine, clozapine, lurasidone, paliperidone, quetiapine, risperidone, zotepine) Azapirones (e.g., buspirone, tandospirone) BRL-44408 Buflomedil Cirazoline Efaroxan Esmirtazapine Fenmetozole Fluparoxan Idazoxan mCPP Mianserin Mirtazapine NAN-190 Olanzapine Pardoprunox Phentolamine Phenoxybenzamine Piperoxan Piribedil Rauwolscine Rotigotine SB-269970 Setiptiline Spiroxatrine Sunepitron Tolazoline Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, loxapine, thioridazine) Yohimbine

Agonists Abediterol Amibegron Arbutamine Arformoterol Arotinolol BAAM Bambuterol Befunolol Bitolterol Broxaterol Buphenine Carbuterol Carmoterol Cimaterol Clenbuterol Corbadrine Denopamine Dipivefrine Dobutamine Dopamine Dopexamine Ephedrine Epinephrine Etafedrine Etilefrine Ethylnorepinephrine Fenoterol Formoterol Hexoprenaline Higenamine Indacaterol Isoetarine Isoprenaline Isoxsuprine Levosalbutamol Mabuterol Methoxyphenamine Methyldopa Mirabegron Norepinephrine Orciprenaline Oxyfedrine Phenylpropanolamine Pirbuterol Prenalterol Ractopamine Procaterol Pseudoephedrine Reproterol Rimiterol Ritodrine Salbutamol Salmeterol Solabegron Terbutaline Tretoquinol Tulobuterol Vilanterol Xamoterol Zilpaterol Zinterol

Antagonists Acebutolol Adaprolol Adimolol Afurolol Alprenolol Alprenoxime Amosulalol Ancarolol Arnolol Arotinolol Atenolol Befunolol Betaxolol Bevantolol Bisoprolol Bopindolol Bornaprolol Brefonalol Bucindolol Bucumolol Bufetolol Bufuralol Bunitrolol Bunolol Bupranolol Butaxamine Butidrine Butofilolol Capsinolol Carazolol Carpindolol Carteolol Carvedilol Celiprolol Cetamolol Cicloprolol Cinamolol Cloranolol Cyanopindolol Dalbraminol Dexpropranolol Diacetolol Dichloroisoprenaline Dihydroalprenolol Dilevalol Diprafenone Draquinolol Ecastolol Epanolol Ericolol Ersentilide Esatenolol Esprolol Eugenodilol Exaprolol Falintolol Flestolol Flusoxolol Hydroxycarteolol Hydroxytertatolol ICI-118,551 Idropranolol Indenolol Indopanolol Iodocyanopindolol Iprocrolol Isoxaprolol Isamoltane Labetalol Landiolol Levobetaxolol Levobunolol Levomoprolol Medroxalol Mepindolol Metipranolol Metoprolol Moprolol Nadolol Nadoxolol Nebivolol Nifenalol Nipradilol Oxprenolol Pacrinolol Pafenolol Pamatolol Pargolol Penbutolol Pindolol Practolol Primidolol Procinolol Pronethalol Propafenone Propranolol Ridazolol Ronactolol Soquinolol Sotalol Spirendolol SR 59230A Sulfinalol Talinolol Tazolol Tertatolol Tienoxolol Tilisolol Timolol Tiprenolol Tolamolol Toliprolol Xibenolol Xipranolol

Reuptake inhibitors

NET

Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors Amedalin Atomoxetine (tomoxetine) Ciclazindol Daledalin Edivoxetine Esreboxetine Lortalamine Mazindol Nisoxetine Reboxetine Talopram Talsupram Tandamine Viloxazine

Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors Amineptine Bupropion Fencamine Fencamfamine Hydroxybupropion Lefetamine Levophacetoperane LR-5182 Manifaxine Methylphenidate Nomifensine O-2172 Radafaxine

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors Bicifadine BTS-54505 Desvenlafaxine Duloxetine Eclanamine Levomilnacipran McN-5652 Milnacipran N-Methyl-PPPA PPPA Sibutramine Venlafaxine WY-45233

Serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors (S)-Duloxetine 3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine Amifitadine Ansofaxine Bicifadine Brasofensine Centanafadine Cocaine Dasotraline Desmethylsertraline Diclofensine DOV-102677 DOV-216303 EXP-561 Fezolamine HDMP-28 Indatraline JNJ-7925476 JZ-IV-10 Liafensine Mazindol Naphyrone Nefazodone Nefopam NS-2359 Perafensine PRC200 SEP-228431 SEP-228432 Tedatioxetine Tesofensine

Tricyclic antidepressants Amitriptyline Butriptyline Cianopramine Clomipramine Desipramine Dosulepin Doxepin Imipramine Lofepramine Melitracen Nortriptyline Protriptyline Trimipramine

Tetracyclic antidepressants Amoxapine Maprotiline Mianserin Oxaprotiline Setiptiline

Others Antihistamines (e.g., brompheniramine, chlorphenamine, pheniramine, tripelennamine) Arylcyclohexylamines (e.g., ketamine, phencyclidine) CP-39,332 EXP-561 Fezolamine Ginkgo biloba Indeloxazine Loxapine Nefazodone Nefopam Opioids (e.g., methadone, pethidine (meperidine), tapentadol, tramadol, levorphanol) Pridefine Tedatioxetine Teniloxazine Tofenacin Tropanes (e.g., cocaine) Ziprasidone

VMATs

Amiodarone
Amphetamines (e.g., amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDMA)
Bietaserpine
Deserpidine
Efavirenz
GBR-12935
Ibogaine
Ketanserin
Lobeline
Reserpine
Rose bengal
Tetrabenazine
Vanoxerine (GBR-12909)

Releasing agents

Morpholines Fenbutrazate Fenmetramide Morazone Morforex Phendimetrazine Phenmetrazine Pseudophenmetrazine

Oxazolines 4-MAR Aminorex Clominorex Cyclazodone Fenozolone Fluminorex Pemoline Thozalinone

Phenethylamines (also amphetamines, cathinones, etc) 2-OH-PEA 4-CAB 4-FA 4-FMA 4-MA 4-MMA Alfetamine Amfecloral Amfepentorex Amfepramone Amphetamine Dextroamphetamine Levoamphetamine Amphetaminil β-Me-PEA BDB Benzphetamine BOH Buphedrone Bupropion Butylone Cathine Cathinone Clobenzorex Clortermine Dimethylamphetamine DMA DMMA EBDB Ephedrine Ethcathinone Ethylone Etilamfetamine Famprofazone Fenethylline Fenproporex Flephedrone Fludorex Furfenorex Hordenine 4-Hydroxyamphetamine 5-APDI (IAP) 5-MAPDI (IMP) Iofetamine (123I) Lisdexamfetamine Lophophine MBDB MDA MDEA MDMA Metamfepramone MDMPEA MDOH MDPEA Mefenorex Mephedrone Mephentermine Methamphetamine Dextromethamphetamine Levomethamphetamine Methcathinone Methedrone Methylone Morforex Naphthylaminopropane Ortetamine pBA pCA Pentorex Phenethylamine Pholedrine Phenpromethamine Phentermine Phenylpropanolamine pIA Prenylamine Propylamphetamine Pseudoephedrine Selegiline (also D-Deprenyl) Tiflorex Tyramine Xylopropamine Zylofuramine

Piperazines 2C-B-BZP BZP MBZP mCPP MDBZP MeOPP pFPP

Others 2-ADN 2-AI 2-AT 2-BP 4-BP 5-IAI Clofenciclan Cyclopentamine Cypenamine Cyprodenate Feprosidnine Gilutensin Heptaminol Hexacyclonate Indanorex Isometheptene Methylhexanamine Octodrine Phthalimidopropiophenone Propylhexedrine (Levopropylhexedrine) Tuaminoheptane

Enzyme inhibitors

PAH

3,4-Dihydroxystyrene

AAAD

DBH

PNMT

CGS-19281A
SKF-64139
SKF-7698

MAO

Nonselective Benmoxin Caroxazone Echinopsidine Furazolidone Hydralazine Indantadol Iproclozide Iproniazid Isocarboxazid Isoniazid Linezolid Mebanazine Metfendrazine Nialamide Octamoxin Paraxazone Phenelzine Pheniprazine Phenoxypropazine Pivhydrazine Procarbazine Safrazine Tranylcypromine

MAO-A selective Amiflamine Bazinaprine Befloxatone Brofaromine Cimoxatone Clorgiline CX157 (Tyrima) Eprobemide Esuprone Harmala alkaloids Harmine Harmaline Tetrahydroharmine Harman Methylene blue Metralindole Minaprine Moclobemide Pirlindole Sercloremine Tetrindole Toloxatone

MAO-B selective Ladostigil Lazabemide Milacemide Mofegiline Pargyline Rasagiline Safinamide Selegiline (also D-Deprenyl)

Others

L-Phenylalanine → L-Tyrosine → L-DOPA (Levodopa) → Dopamine
L-DOPS (Droxidopa)

Cofactors

Ferrous Iron (Fe²⁺)
S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine
Vitamin B₃ (Niacin
Nicotinamide → NADPH)
Vitamin B₆ (Pyridoxine
Pyridoxamine
Pyridoxal → Pyridoxal Phosphate)
Vitamin B₉ (Folic acid → Tetrahydrofolic acid)
Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)
Zinc (Zn²⁺)

Neurotoxins

Others

Activity enhancers BPAP PPAP

Release blockers Bethanidine Bretylium Guanadrel Guanazodine Guanethidine Guanoxan

See also:: Dopaminergics; Melatonergics; Serotonergics; List of adrenergic drugs

Cardiac stimulants excluding cardiac glycosides (C01C)

Adrenergic and
dopaminergic agents

Adrenergic agonists

α	Metaraminol Phenylephrine Methoxamine Norfenefrine Oxedrine Midodrine Mephentermine

β	Dobutamine Arbutamine Isoprenaline Prenalterol

mixed	Amezinium metilsulfate Droxidopa Epinephrine # Norepinephrine Etilefrine

Dopamine agonists

Fenoldopam

Both

Unknown/ungrouped

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE3I)

Other cardiac stimulants

^#WHO-EM
^‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
- ^†Phase III
- ^§Never to phase III

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