AKR1C3

Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C3

PDB rendering based on 1ry0.
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
Identifiers
Symbols AKR1C3 ; DD3; DDX; HA1753; HAKRB; HAKRe; HSD17B5; PGFS; hluPGFS
External IDs OMIM: 603966 MGI: 2145420 HomoloGene: 128661 ChEMBL: 4681 GeneCards: AKR1C3 Gene
EC number 1.1.1.112, 1.1.1.188, 1.1.1.239, 1.1.1.357, 1.1.1.64, 1.3.1.20
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 8644 105349
Ensembl ENSG00000196139 ENSMUSG00000021214
UniProt P42330 Q8K023
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001253908 NM_134066
RefSeq (protein) NP_001240837 NP_598827
Location (UCSC) Chr 10:
5.04 – 5.11 Mb
Chr 13:
4.13 – 4.15 Mb
PubMed search

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 is a key steroidogenic enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AKR1C3 gene.[1][2][3]

Function

This gene encodes a member of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. These enzymes catalyze the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols by utilizing NADH and/or NADPH as cofactors. The enzymes display overlapping but distinct substrate specificity. This enzyme catalyzes the reduction of prostaglandin (PG) D2, PGH2 and phenanthrenequinone (PQ), and the oxidation of 9alpha,11beta-PGF2 to PGD2. It may play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases such as asthma, and may also have a role in controlling cell growth and/or differentiation. This gene shares high sequence identity with three other gene members and is clustered with those three genes at chromosome 10p15-p14.[3]

Pathology

AKR1C3 is overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa) and is associated with the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In addition, AKR1C3 overexpression may serve as a promising biomarker for prostate cancer progression.[4]

References

  1. Khanna M, Qin KN, Wang RW, Cheng KC (Aug 1995). "Substrate specificity, gene structure, and tissue-specific distribution of multiple human 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 270 (34): 20162–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.34.20162. PMID 7650035.
  2. Matsuura K, Shiraishi H, Hara A, Sato K, Deyashiki Y, Ninomiya M, Sakai S (Nov 1998). "Identification of a principal mRNA species for human 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoform (AKR1C3) that exhibits high prostaglandin D2 11-ketoreductase activity". Journal of Biochemistry 124 (5): 940–6. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022211. PMID 9792917.
  3. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: AKR1C3 aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C3 (3-alpha hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, type II)".
  4. Tian Y, Zhao L, Zhang H, Liu X, Zhao L, Zhao X, Li Y, Li J (2014). "AKR1C3 overexpression may serve as a promising biomarker for prostate cancer progression". Diagnostic Pathology 9 (1): 42. doi:10.1186/1746-1596-9-42. PMC 3939640. PMID 24571686.

Further reading

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