Ritodrine

Ritodrine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
4-[2-[[(1R,2S)-1-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
Routes of
administration
Oral (tablets), parenteral (IV)
Legal status
Legal status
  • US: Discontinued
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding ~56%
Metabolism Hepatic, metabolites are inactive[1]
Biological half-life 1.7–2.6 hours
Identifiers
CAS Number 26652-09-5 YesY
ATC code G02CA01 (WHO)
PubChem CID 33572
IUPHAR/BPS 7294
DrugBank DB00867 YesY
ChemSpider 30971 YesY
UNII I0Q6O6740J YesY
KEGG D02359 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL785 YesY
Chemical data
Formula C17H21NO3
Molar mass 287.354 g/mol
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Ritodrine RYE-to-dreen (trade name Yutopar) is a tocolytic drug used to stop premature labor.[2] This drug has been removed from the US market, according to FDA Orange Book. It was available in oral tablets or as an injection and was typically used as the hydrochloride salt, ritodrine hydrochloride.

Mechanism

Ritodrine is a short-acting β2 adrenoreceptor agonist — a class of medication used for smooth muscle relaxation (other similar drugs are used in asthma or other pulmonary diseases such as salbutamol (albuterol)). Since ritodrine has a bulky N-substituent, it has high β2 selectivity. Also, the 4-hydroxy group on the benzene ring is important for activity as it is needed to form hydrogen bonds. However, the 4-hydroxy group makes it susceptible to metabolism by catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT). Since it is β2-selective it is used for premature labor.[3]

Side effects and potential contraindications

Most side effects of β2 agonists result from their concurrent β1 activity, and include increase in heart rate, rise in systolic pressure, decrease in diastolic pressure, chest pain secondary to myocardial infarction, and arrhythmia. Beta agonists may also cause fluid retention secondary to decrease in water clearance, which when added to the tachycardia and increased myocardial work, may result in heart failure. In addition, they increase gluconeogenesis in the liver and muscle resulting in hyperglycemia, which increases insulin requirements in diabetic patients. The passage of β agonists through the placenta does occur and may be responsible for fetal tachycardia, as well as hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia at birth.

Patients with type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure or migraines should bring this to their doctor's attention before receiving care.

It has also been associated with postpartum bleeding.

References

  1. Finkelstein, BW (1981). "Ritodrine (Yutopar, Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals Inc.)". Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy 15: 425–33.
  2. Li X, Zhang Y, Shi Z (February 2005). "Ritodrine in the treatment of preterm labour: a meta-analysis" (PDF). The Indian journal of medical research 121 (2): 120–7. PMID 15756046.
  3. Medicinal Chemistry of Adrenergics and Cholinergics
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