Type II cytokine receptor

Type II cytokine receptors are transmembrane proteins that are expressed on the surface of certain cells, which bind and respond to a select group of cytokines. These receptors are similar to type I cytokine receptors except they do not possess the signature sequence WSXWS that is characteristic of type I receptors.

Structure

Typically type II cytokine receptors are heterodimers or multimers with a high and a low affinity component. Currently no complete structure of the extracellular domains of a type II cytokine receptor is available. These receptors are related predominantly by sequence similarities in their extracellular portions that are composed of tandem Ig-like domains. The intracellular domain of type II cytokine receptors is typically associated with a tyrosine kinase belonging to the Janus kinase (JAK) family.

Types

Type II cytokine receptors include those that bind type I and type II interferons, and those that bind members of the interleukin-10 family (interleukin-10, interleukin-20 and interleukin-22).^[1][2]

Interferon receptors

The interferon receptor is a molecule displayed on the surface of cells which allows them to interact with the anti-viral substance interferon. The receptor is genetically coded for by number of different genes, as there are a few distinct types of interferon. Interferon receptor deficiency is a condition showing some amenability to genetic therapy.^[3]

• interferon-alpha/beta receptor
• interferon-gamma receptor

Interleukin receptors

• Interleukin-10 receptor
• Interleukin-20 receptor
• Interleukin-22 receptor
• Interleukin-28 receptor

References

1. Dumoutier L, Lejeune D, Hor S, Fickenscher H, Renauld JC (2003). "Cloning of a new type II cytokine receptor activating signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1, STAT2 and STAT3". Biochem. J. 370 (Pt 2): 391–6. doi:10.1042/BJ20021935. PMC 1223207. PMID 12521379.
2. Xu W, Presnell SR, Parrish-Novak J, et al. (2001). "A soluble class II cytokine receptor, IL-22RA2, is a naturally occurring IL-22 antagonist". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (17): 9511–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.171303198. PMC 55483. PMID 11481447.
3. Reuter U, Roesler J, Thiede C, Schulz A, Classen CF, Oelschlagel U, Debatin KM, Friedrich W (2002). "Correction of complete interferon-gamma receptor 1 deficiency by bone marrow transplantation". Blood 100 (12): 4234–5. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-02-0433. PMID 12393576.